Kokushin, Mikhail Nikolaevich

Kokushin was born in 1879 into the family of a court counselor, a teacher at a city college in Petrozavodsk. Secondary education in Olonets and Kronshatdt gymnasiums. In 1899 he was enrolled as a student of IVMA. While studying at the academy, M.N. Kokushin was engaged in prosthetic technique with various specialists in St. Petersburg, then graduated from the full course of the 1st Dental School. At the same time (1902-1906) he headed the dental clinic at the hospital surgical clinic of Professor S. P. Fedorov. In 1903, the Academy and received a diploma of "doctor with honors" (cum eximia laude). He was in the service as a junior doctor of the 91st Dvina Infantry Regiment, was engaged in surgery in the clinic of prof. S.P. Fedorov, and also worked in the pathoanatomical laboratory of Professor A.I. Moiseyev. In the 1905-06 academic year, M. N. Kokushin passed the examinations for a doctor of medicine. During the Russo-Japanese War “in pursuance of the Highest Will”, he served as a military doctor-specialist in dental diseases at the Omsk Military Hospital, assisting the wounded arriving for treatment from Port Arthur. In 1908, M.N. Kokushin was seconded by the order of the military sanitary inspector of the Petersburg district to the Semenov Aleksandrovsky military hospital. As the memorial plaque read, the Semenovskiy military hospital was “Built by the dependency of Grand Duke Alexander Pavlovich as a sign of gratitude to Emperor Paul I in 1799”, hence his second name, Aleksandrovsky.

As a military doctor, M. N. Kokushin constantly paid attention to his improvement. He traveled three times to Berlin at the A.Kerbits-Dental Institute, in which he studied the latest achievements in “dental work and prosthetic techniques”. In the summer of 1912, he worked in Berlin at the Br Clinic. Simon

During this period, M. N. Kokushin published the following articles: “Esmarchian apparatus irrigator in relation to dentistry”, “The case of upper jaw osteomyelitis from the clinic of S. P. Fedorov”, “To the technique of dental tabs, the case of the golden tab”, “The volume of the organization of dental care in our country and in the armies of foreign states ”,“ On the Krasnoselsky Dentistry Office ”,“ On the teeth of soldiers of the St. Petersburg garrison, preliminary report ”.

During the period of work in the dental surgery of the Semenovskiy Alexander Hospital from 1908 to 1912, M. N. Kokushin collected and processed statistical data for a future dissertation for the degree of doctor of medicine. In 1913, M.N. Kokushin defended his thesis for the degree of doctor of medicine at IVMA . During the joint work on the book “Forgotten Names in Domestic Military Medicine” (2004), Prof. D. U. Maday, MD, gave a high assessment of the thesis of M. N. Kokushin. In Chapter 4. "The modern interpretation of the results of the dissertation research by M. N. Kokushin, Professor D. Y. Maday, wrote:" The thesis research by M. N. Kokushin is devoted to an eternal current problem: the influence of diseases, occupational, toxic, ecological and anthropogenic factors on the development of cartes teeth, as well as the dependence of the development of internal diseases on the intensity of carious disease. The author’s work has not lost its relevance today, it was built in an academic style, that is, it corresponded to the Standards for a dissertation research for a doctor of medicine. After a detailed analysis of the work, the authors of the monograph noted that even today the structural-logical structure of the dissertation may meet today's requirements, but with some correction. ”

In 1918, Doctor of Medicine M.N. Kokushin participated in a competition to fill the vacant position of a private assistant professor in the course of dental diseases at the Military Medical Academy. He gave the 1st Test Lecture: "On the pathogenesis of the gum marginal cystic granulomas of the teeth observed by the author," after which he was allowed to read the 2nd Test Lecture: "A technique of prosthetics with his hands for jaw damage."

According to Ya. E. Bronshtein (1947): “In the spring of 1918, M. N. Kokushin applied for admission of him to the vacant position of assistant professor of the Academy on dental diseases, but the Commission is composed of professors G. I. Turner, V. A. Opel, S. P. Fedorov recognizes his works as insufficient to speak about his readiness for the academic title of privat-docent ... In connection with the initiation of the plagiarism case against Dr. Kokushin, he is forced not only to leave the Academy, but also to resign. ” Unfortunately, Ya. E. Bronstein and, following him, Professor A. K. Iordanishvili (1999) do not indicate what exactly plagiarism consisted in the scientific works of MD N. Kokushin.

Doctor of Medicine M.N. Kokushin was forced to completely withdraw from science and until the end of his life he was engaged in private dentistry. No evidence of the scientific activities of M. N. Kokushin was found by the authors in the national periodicals. But still, while working on this essay, we managed to find one evidence to the contrary.

With his scientific works (thesis and articles), especially in the establishment of dental institutes in Russia, and in the organization of dental care in the army, MD M. Kokushin, a doctor of medicine, left a noticeable mark. His works were used by many military dentists, this is indicated by numerous notes made on the pages of his dissertation, but his name was rarely mentioned in the special literature, and if it was mentioned, it was not about his contribution to the development of national military dentistry.

In 2004 the publishing house of the Union of Writers of Russia “Duma” published a book by a group of authors (G. I. Prokhvatilov, V. F. Chernysh, D. Y. Madai, G. S. Chepik ) “Forgotten names in Russian military medicine ". The reason for the work on this book was the visits of the granddaughter M. N. Kokushin in 2002 to the department of a leading engineer-calculator for nuclear installations at the Izhora plant Margarita Nikolaevna Kokushina, who brought from the family archive of photography and the diploma “Doctor of Medicine” M. N. Kokushin and grandson - Professor, Head of the Department of Theoretical Mechanics of the University of Pulp and Paper Industry Nikolay Nikolaevich Kokushin, who also brought photos.

Scientific works of M. N. Kokushin.

Kokushin MN. Materials on the issue of the incidence of lower-grade dental caries: based on statistical data on the St. Petersburg garrison from the Semenovsky Alexander military hospital: dis. ... Dr. med. / M.N. Kokushin. - SPb., 1913. - 98 p.

Kokushin MN To the technique of dental tabs: (the case of the golden tab)) // Military. -Med. journals -.1911. - T. 230, Feb. - S. - 248-249.

Kokushin MN About the teeth of the soldiers of the St. Petersburg garrison // Military. journals - 1912. - № 3. - p. - 424-429.

Kokushin MN Report on the dental office of the St. Petersburg Semenovskiy Alexander Military Hospital for 1913 (with fig.). // Military-honey. journals - 1914. - T. 240, June. - S. - 343-348.

Kokushin M.N. On dentistry during the war / M.N. Kokushin. - 1916. [B. m., Bg.] - 17 p.

Kokushin MN. The case of osteomyelitis of the zygomatic process of the upper jaw of dental origin // Dentist. Vestn. - 1905. - № 4. S. - 238-240.

Kokushin MN About the pathogenesis of marginal gingular granulomas of the teeth, observed by the author: 1st trial lecture of M. N. Kokushin. - Pg., 1918. - 12 p.

Kokushin MN On the issue of the relationship between tuberculosis and dental caries // Vracheb. gas. - 1927. - № 15. - p. - 115.

References

Protocols of the meetings of the Conferences of the Imperial Military Medical Academy for the 1903-1904 academic year. SPb. Military printing house (in the building of the General Staff building). 1905

Minutes of the meetings of the Conferences of the Imperial Military Medical Academy for the 1905-1906 academic year. SPb. Typography M. Merkushev. Nevsky Prospect, 8. 1906

Minutes of meetings of the Conferences of the Imperial Military Medical Academy for the 1912-1913 academic year. SPb. Typography M. Merkushev. Nevsky Prospect 8. 1914

Prokvatilov G.I. Domestic military dentistry: the paths of formation / G.I. Prokhvatilov, V.F. Chernysh, D.Yu. Maday G.S.Chepik // Military Doctor No. 1545—1546. 30. 10. 2004

G.I. Prokhvatilov, Doctor with Honors / G.I. Prokhvatilov, G.S. Chepik // Rathoborets. On guard of the Motherland .- 2005. No. 10/11. C. −3.

G.I. Prokhvatilov, Forgotten names in domestic military medicine / G.I. Prokhvatilov, V.F. Chernysh, D.Yu. Maday, G.S.Chepik. - SPb .: Duma, 2004. - 102 p.

Prokvatilov G.I. Doctor of Medicine Kokushin / G.I. Prokhvatilov, V.F. Chernysh, D.U. Maday, G.S.Chepik // Military. doctor. -№ 31. - 2006. - С.6.

Prokvatilov G. I. Forgotten names in Russian military dentistry / G. I. Prokhvatilov, G. S. Chepik // Actual problems of maxillofacial surgery and dentistry: Sat. scientific tr. conf., dedicated. 75th anniversary of the founding of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry / Military.-Med. Acad. Them. S.M. Kirov . . - SPb., 2004. - p. 152. - 158.

Chepik G. S. Doctor of Medicine M. N. Kokushin - organizer of the first full-time dental office in the Russian army / G. S. Chepik, G. I. Prokhvatilov // history of dentistry: reading, dedicated. memory prof. G. N. Troyansky / IV Vseros. conf. (with international participation). - M. MGMSU, 2010. S. - 155-157.

Chepik G. S. The contribution of the doctor of medicine M. N. Kokushin to the development of military domestic dentistry of pre-revolutionary Russia: scientific. researches work / G. S. Chepik, - “Pioneer” Code. M.A. 03. 1105. 0910/0265. 34 s

G. S. Chepik. On the history of the field dental surgery in the Russian army / G. S. Chepik, P. F. Gladkikh // News. military.-med. Acad. - 2011. - № 4 (36). Pp. 219-222.

Chepik G. S. The diaries of the surgeon of the First World War Year 1916. MD, Doctor of Medicine M. N. Kokushin - organizer of the first regular dental clinic in the Russian army // History of Dentistry. V All-Russian Conference (with international participation). M.: MSMSU. 2011. P. 124-132.

Chepik G. S. A Brief History of Military Dentistry of the Russian Empire (Fragments from the monograph “Military Dentistry of the Russian Empire”) // Dentistry in Russia: medicine and society. Materials conf. Readings dedicated to the memory of Professor G. N. Troyansky. M. 2013. P. 121-140.

Chepik G.S. Military Dentistry of the Russian Empire / G.S. Chepik. - SPb. "St. Petersburg XXI century". 2013. 424 p.