Boris Alfonsovich Shchavinsky ( May 28, 1889 - after March 11, 1944 ) - Russian and Soviet military pilot. Member of the First World War . Head Captain of the Russian Imperial Army (1916). The owner of the St. George's Arms (1915). After the October Revolution, he served in the Red Army . In 1944, he was arrested on charges of “anti-Soviet propaganda and agitation,” and sentenced to five years in forced labor camps . Rehabilitated in 1990.
| Boris Alfonsovich Schavinsky | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||||
| Date of Birth | May 28, 1889 | |||||
| Place of Birth | Saint Petersburg , Russian Empire | |||||
| Date of death | not earlier than March 11, 1944 | |||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire RSFSR the USSR | |||||
| Type of army | aviation | |||||
| Rank | Head Captain | |||||
| Battles / wars | World War I Civil war in Russia | |||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
Boris Schavinsky was born on May 18, 1889 in St. Petersburg, in a family of noblemen of the Kaluga province [K 1] . By religion he was Orthodox . In 1907 he graduated from the Nikolaev Cadet Corps , then until 1909 he took a course at the Nikolaev Cavalry School , from which the 3rd Ulan Smolensky Regiment was distributed. On August 6 of that year he was promoted to cornet and appointed junior officer in the 6th squadron of the same regiment. On March 1, 1912, Shchavinsky was seconded to the Air Fleet Department, and since June 1912 he studied at the Aviation Officer School, from which he graduated in March 1913. After that he was seconded to the Officer Aeronautical School [1] .
After the outbreak of World War I , he was appointed to the post of military pilot in the 16th corps aviation detachment. On November 1, 1914, an accident occurred during take-off, as a result of which Boris Alfonsovich sustained minor injuries, and two weeks after that - “due to a mismatch” - he was renamed from pilots to observers. Then transferred to the 24th corps aviation unit. On February 14, 1915, when flying over the Przemysl fortress, he frostbite his right hand. On October 13, he was appointed headquarters observer in the Guards Corps Aviation Unit. From November 13, 1915 he again served in the 3rd Lancers Regiment. Since November 23, he took the post of commander of a foot divisional squadron, and the next day he was sent to participate in the creation of the foot division of the 3rd Cavalry Division . April 21, 1916 was promoted to headquarters captain . In June 1916 he was transferred to the disposal of the military commandant of Slutsk , and then to the disposal of the chief of staff of the Kiev fortress . In December 1916, Shchavinsky was betrayed to the Kiev Military District Court, but was soon sent to his regiment [K 2] . March 30, 1917 was appointed head of the special team of horses, from April 28, 1917 he was appointed regimental commandant and was enlisted in the 3rd squadron, June 2, 1917 - became commander of the 4th squadron, from December 4, 1917 he was appointed temporarily correcting the position assistant regiment commander for the economic [1] .
After the October Revolution , in 1918, he was drafted into the Red Army . He served in the Red Army until 1924, and then was demobilized due to worsening health status [1] .
On December 19, 1943, the head department of counterintelligence Smersh arrested Shchavinsky, on February 17, 1944 he was charged with anti-Soviet activity, on March 11, 1944, he was sentenced to 5 years in forced labor camps. February 21, 1990 rehabilitated [1] .
Rewards
Boris Alfonsovich Schavinsky was awarded the following prizes [1] :
- St. George's Arms (Highest Order of January 3, 1915)
- - “for the production of aerial reconnaissance of the enemy’s location on August 27, 1914 under his rifle fire; the obtained data about the enemy influenced the successful course of the detachment's actions ” [2] ;
- Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree (Order on the troops of the 9th Army No. 596 of September 30, 1917);
- Order of St. Anne of the 3rd degree with swords and bow (Highest Order of January 31, 1915)
- - “during the period of battles from September 20 to October 23, 1914” ;
- Order of St. Stanislav of the 2nd degree with swords (Order on the troops of the 3rd Army No. 1098 of August 16, 1916);
- Order of St. Stanislav 3rd degree (Highest Order of February 14, 1913); swords and bow to the Order (Highest Order of April 21, 1915).
Comments
- ↑ The noble clan of the Shchavinsky was included in the List of noble clans of the Kaluga province .
- ↑ Was in the regiment as of March 26, 1917.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Neshkin, Shabanov, 2006 , p. 312-313.
- ↑ Shabanov, 2004 , p. 847.
Literature
- Aviators - Knights of the Order of St. George and St. George’s Weapons during the First World War of 1914-1918: Biographical Reference / Comp. M.S. Neshkin , V.M. Shabanov . - M .: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN), 2006. - 360 p. - ISBN 5-8243-0661-3 .
- Military Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George. Nominal lists 1769-1920. (Bibliographic reference) / Comp. V.M. Shabanov . - M .: Russkiy Mir, 2004 .-- 847 p. - ISBN 5-89577-059-2 .
Links
- Shchavinsky Boris Alfonsovich . The project "Russian Imperial Army". Date of treatment August 14, 2018.