The Capello Romano ( ital. Cappello romano - literally “Roman hat”) or Saturn ( ital. Saturno ; because the hat looks like the planet Saturn ) is a round hat with wide brim and hemispherical tulle worn by the Catholic clergy.
Unlike many other attributes of church vestments, this hat has no ceremonial purpose and is, first of all, a utilitarian headdress worn in private life (unlike the gallero - ceremonial wide-brimmed hat). Wearing cappello romano with casual wear is optional and it is never worn during church services. Currently, this hat is almost impossible to see outside of Rome , although from the 17th century until the 1970s it was very popular in many countries with a Catholic majority of the population.
Capello romano is made from beaver fur or felt , usually with a silk lining. However, there are some differences in the design of the hat, depending on the rank of its wearer.
The Pope wears a red chapel with gold cords (before, the cardinals also had the right to a red hat, until Pope Paul VI deprived them of this privilege, and now the cardinals' hats, like all other clerics , are black).
A cardinal may have a chapel with red and gold cords and a scarlet lining, a bishop with green and gold cords and a purple lining, a priest - a chapel with a black lining.
The Capello deacons and seminarians have no special insignia of their spiritual rank.
See also
- Philippi Collection