Zavalny cemetery

The cemetery acquired the name “Zavalnoe” due to its location behind an earthen wall, built at the end of the 17th century and for a long time serving as the northern border of the city. Initially, the stress in the word “Zavalnoe” was placed on the first syllable, but at the end of the XX century, the original meaning of the name was forgotten: “the majority of citizens explain its origin from the word“ fill up ”(meaning to bury),” and therefore the stress shifted to the second syllable ^[3] .

The cemetery arose in the middle of the 18th century, soon a wooden church was built on its territory in the name of the Seven Teenagers of Ephesus , and in 1776 a stone church was erected by the sergeant A. Abarin at the expense of the then governor DI Chichern of geodesy. ^[4]

For a long time, it was the only Christian cemetery of the city, while representatives of various faiths were buried there (in particular, V.K. Kuchelbecker professed Protestantism ). In 1872 it was divided into plots marked with pillars (which quickly became unusable), since it was more convenient to charge different fees for places (the closer to the temple, the more expensive, but the poor were buried for free). In 1881, a two-storey wooden house for churchmen was built on the territory of the cemetery ^[5] .

Already at the end of the 19th century, the state of the cemetery was alarming: in 1882 the Tobolsk Eparchy Gazette noted that “monuments that were half-ruined from time, fresh flowers plucked from the graves, littered with half-rotten woods, mud in the summer and snow drifts in winter are a common phenomenon”. In the revolutionary years, the situation worsened (in particular, the details of one of the monuments above the graves of the Decembrists A.M. Muravyov and F. B. Wolf ^[6] , called the "Tobolsk diocesan lists" were among the best, were stolen and deformed ^[5] . However, despite the fact that in 1926 most of the monuments to the Decembrists were restored ^[7] , the destruction of other graves continued ^[8] , in particular, in the 1930s, almost all cast-iron tombstones were sent to be melted down ^[5] . At the beginning of the XXI century, the cemetery is active, and it is believed that modern burial has a negative impact on its historical appearance ^[6] .

According to the “List of cultural heritage sites located in the city of Tobolsk”, the Zavalny cemetery of the city of Tobolsk within the established historical boundaries for the second half of the XIX century is a monument of regional significance and was taken for protection by the decision of the Tyumen Regional Executive Committee No. 3 dated January 8, 1990 ^[9] .

In addition to the Church of the Seven Teenagers of Ephesus, which is a monument of architecture and town planning of federal significance and adopted for protection by Presidential Decree No. 176 of February 20, 1995, there are 13 OKNs in the cemetery. Three of them are monuments of regional significance: the graves of the teacher I. P. Mendeleev , the researcher of Siberia A. A. Dunin-Gorkavich , the artist M. S. Znamensky. The remaining ten are historical monuments of federal significance, these are the graves of the Decembrists A. P. Baryatinsky, F. M. Bashmakov ^[10] , F. B. Wolf, S. G. Krasnokutsky, V. K. Kuchelbecker, A. M. Muravyev ^{[ 11]} , S. M. Semenov (the graves of the Decembrists are located on both sides of the main alley) ^[6] , poet P. A. Grabovsky , writer P. P. Ershov, Siberian historian P. A. Slovtsov ^[12] . A prominent figure in the economy of the Yamalo-Nenetsky National District P.Kh.Pribylsky and his son, a historian and honorary citizen of Tobolsk Yu.P.Pribylsky are also buried in the cemetery .

• Sulimov V.S. Zavalny cemetery: guide. Tobolsk, 2006

• Page on the site old-tobolsk.ru