Bromperoxidase is an enzyme oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction of bromination of hydrocarbons .
Reaction and classification
The enzyme carries out the following oxidation reaction of bromide in the presence of hydrogen peroxide :
- RH + Br - + 1/2 H 2 O 2 → RBr + H 2 O
In the nomenclature of haloperoxidases, only enzymes that are capable of oxidizing bromide but not oxidizing chloride are classified as bromoperoxidases. According to this classification , eosinophil peroxidase , which, although it is more preferable to catalyze a reaction with bromide, also acts on chloride, does not belong to bromperoxidases.
Bromperoxidases belong to the subclass of oxidoreductases KF 1.11, which act on the peroxide as an acceptor of peroxidases and haloperoxidases.
Distribution
Bromperoxidases are especially widespread in algae, but are also found in some mosses, bacteria, and fungi. About 70% of seaweed species contain bromoperoxidase activity, which explains the large number of halogenated compounds in them, including alkanes, complex alkaloids, phenols and other metabolites. Algae bromoperoxidases contain vanadium in the active center of the enzyme as a cofactor, a rare case of vanadium-containing protein [1] . The enzyme plays a role in the protection and coloring of algae. Many compounds resulting from the action of bromoperoxidase have bactericidal properties.
In addition to algae, bromperoxidase is also present in Murex sea snails, which produce using the enzyme purple , which was used in antiquity to stain expensive fabrics such as royal mantles. The cofactor of snail bromoperoxidase has not been characterized.
Organisms
Bromperoxidase was found in the following types of algae and bacteria: [2] :
- Ulva lactuca
- Ulvella lens
- Kappaphycus alvarezii
- Eucheuma serra
- Ochtodes secundiramea
- Laminaria saccharina
- Laminaria digitata
- Murex trunculus
- Pseudomonas putida
- Streptomyces aureofaciens
- Streptomyces venezuelae
- Corallina pilulifera
- Corallina officinalis
- Streptomyces aureofaciens
- Ascophyllum nodosum
Notes
- ↑ Butler, A., "Vanadium haloperoxidases", Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 1998, 2, 279-285.
- ↑ Gribble, GW (2010). Naturally occurring organohalogen compounds: A comprehensive update. Wien: Springer-Verlag.
Links
- Red algae . Big Encyclopedia of oil and gas. Date of treatment August 6, 2018.
- Determination of the local atomic structure of the active center of bromoperoxidase protein based on the analysis of X-ray absorption spectra. . Surface. X-ray, synchrotron and neutron studies. Date of treatment August 6, 2018.