World monarchy

The world monarchy is the ultimate goal of the idea of ​​uniting (initially - by conquering) the largest possible number (ideally, all) of peoples under a common state monarchical authority, to establish peace and law and order within the widest possible range (ideally - throughout the Earth).

Such a unification of mankind through its transformation into one political body, although it has never been achieved, but history knows several approximate world monarchies, between which four main ones are noted not without reason: Assyro-Babylonian , Medo-Persian , Macedonian-Hellenic and Roman . The inscriptions of the Assyrian and Persian kings leave no doubt that these conquerors considered their highest vocation to conquer all peoples to establish peace and order on Earth, although their ideas about this task and about the means to fulfill it were too simple. More complex and fruitful are the world-historical designs of the Macedonian monarchy, which relied on the highest power of Hellenic education, which penetrated deeply and firmly into the conquered eastern world. The idea of ​​a world monarchy reaches complete clarity among the Romans, who firmly believed in their vocation to conquer the Universe under the rule of one law and law.

With the advent of Christianity, the consciousness of the unity of the human race deepened and spiritualized; a huge new task arose - to unite humanity from within, in spirit and in truth. In view of the remoteness of the implementation of this task and the ongoing hatred and hostility between the peoples, interest in external political unity could not disappear in the Christian world. New attempts by the world monarchy, based on the external mechanical combination of Christian principles with the ancient Roman ones, could not have lasting success; even in external volume, they are far behind the Roman Empire. Nevertheless, starting from Dante Alighieri (in his work “De monarchia” ) and ending with the latest pan-Germanists and pan-Slavists , the idea of ​​a global monarchy did not cease to have adherents.

In the Middle Ages, the Holy Roman Empire was seen as an attempt to implement the idea of ​​a universal monarchy. In modern times, Napoleon , who considered himself the true successor to Charlemagne , was fond of the idea of ​​a “world monarchy”.