Akepsim Mikhailovich Kushnaryov ( 1837-1902 / 3 ) - 1st guild merchant , Yakut businessman , public figure and philanthropist [1] .
Akepsim Mikhailovich Kushnaryov | |
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Photo by Kushnaryov Akepsim Mikhailovich | |
Date of Birth | 1837 |
Date of death | 1902 |
Occupation | entrepreneur , merchant , benefactor |
Father | Mikhailo Anisimov Kushnaryov |
Mother | Marfa Kushnaryova |
Spouse | Ekaterina Matveeva |
Children | Peter Nefid Tatyana Agrafena |
Biography
Akepsim Mikhailovich was born in the family of Mikhail Anisimov Kushnaryov (born 1804 ) and Marfa Kushnareva (born 1804 ). Akepsim had two brothers: Ivan, Davyd. My father specialized in arable farming and horticulture. He sold the surplus at city bazaars and fairs, and later began to conduct petty trade altogether.
Soon Mikhailo Anisimov died and part of his father’s inheritance went to Akepsim Mikhailovich. Thanks to his abilities, he was able to continue and develop the business of his father, expanding the sale to Yakutia and Siberia . A huge plus in this activity was that Akepsim sufficiently mastered the Yakut language . He bought the necessary goods at wholesale prices in the stores of the European part of Russia and Siberia [2] .
Akepsim Mikhailovich was able to get into the business through the sale of furs. He bought it from small merchants in small towns and Yakutsk fairs. In 1891, he sold 90 foxes in the amount of 6,000 rubles, in 1892–1720 pieces of sable skins, in 1895 - 5,100 pieces [1] .
Since the imperial treasury did not have enough funds for the development of the northeastern region, the road, submarine and postal duties were assigned to the Yakuts [1] .
A. M Kushnarev together with the merchant of the 2nd guild A. L. Borisov managed the business in Okhotsk . Akepsim Mikhailovich knew how to bargain well and had a good sense of humor. From the deal, he tried to survive everything he could, and so that the deal was profitable for him. For example, once Akepsim Kushnaryov signed an agreement to sell a large batch of furs at the Irbit fair, however, despite the oral agreement given to them, he sold the batch at a better price to another person. The local administration insisted that Akepsim Mikhailovich acquire a certificate of the 1st merchant guild and, accordingly, pay more taxes, but he refused all the time. Once the authorities forced him to go to 1 guild. The national archive contains a large number of lawsuits from A. M. Kushnaryov, in which he claimed damages even if the conditions were not fulfilled for good reasons. Such cases made it possible to form certain “rules” about the relationship between the entrepreneur and the manufacturer, as well as the approach to the execution of the contract [1] .
Kushnaryov practically did not use the services of intermediaries, therefore he always received the highest income that he could get. He sold meat at goldfields and furs at various fairs, most often central ones [1] .
For 30 years of A.M. Kushnaryov’s work in merchants and entrepreneurship, he learned what the ordinary people need. Akepsim Mikhailovich actively collaborated with various Siberian provinces. He not only took part in many fairs, but also organized Uchurskys and Ayano-Mayskys himself. He sent large lots of furs for sale in cities such as Tomsk , Novgorod , Moscow and even abroad [1] .
Akepsim Mikhailovich was also a philanthropist and developed the social culture of society. With his own money, he built a shelter for the poor and poor people, the so-called “overnight house”, where you could always get a free hot dinner. He helped financially in building a women's gymnasium and the library to them. Pushkin, schools and homes [1] ...
Family
In 1897, its capital was estimated at more than 1 million rubles. A part of the inheritance was received by the son Peter, the second part was given to the widow and daughter Agrafene. Akepsim Mikhailovich was the wife of Ekaterina Matveeva ( 1839 - 1913 ). The Kushnaryov family was exemplary: love, respect, and concern for each other reigned in it. The widow Ekaterina Matveeva did not squander the entire inheritance, as it often happened at that time, but competently used the capital of her dead husband [1] .
A. M. Kushnaryov had four children:
- Nefid (born 1865);
- Tatiana (born 1862);
- Agrafena (born 1867);
- Peter ( 1877 - 1940 ).
Nefid and Tatiana died early, and Peter studied at the Yakut school.
The widow continued the work of her husband after her death and was instructed to join the Yakut merchants. Peter Kushnarev together with A. A. Bushuyeva founded the Trading House “Heirs of A. M. Kushnaryov”, the main capital of which was 800,000 rubles. Each member of the Trading House had the official right to take a bank loan in the amount of 300 thousand rubles [1] .
At the beginning of the 20th century, a widow with children moved to Moscow . After death, Catherine Matveyeva gave her share equally to the children.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Kushnaryov Akepsim Mikhailovich - “History of Russian Entrepreneurship” http://historybiz.ru
- ↑ Old Believers in Yakutia - “Yakutsk” yakutskhistory.net