Fredericks, Regina Louise

Regina-Louise von Fredericks ( Fredericks ; also Irina Zakharyevna ; nee Khristinek / Khristinegg ; German. Regina-Louise "Irina" von Freedricksz; Christineck ; 1735 - 1821 ) - Russian baroness , owner of industrial enterprises.

Regina Louise Fredericks
Portrait of a brush by Karl Ludwig Khristinek , 1770s
Birth name	him. Regina-louise christineck
Date of Birth	1735 ( 1735 )
Place of Birth	St. Petersburg
Date of death	1821 ( 1821 )
A place of death	St. Petersburg
Nationality	Russian empire
Occupation	businesswoman
Spouse	Ivan Yurievich Fridriks
Children	nine children

Regina-Louise Fredericks was born in a German family in St. Petersburg . She had a younger sister to the artist Karl Ludwig Khristinek , who became very famous in Russia at that time for his work on portraits of the Russian nobility (he also painted a portrait of his sister).

She married Baron Ivan Friedrichs (1723-1779), the court banker of Empress Catherine II , founder of the Friedrichs dynasty. In marriage, they had nine children ^[1] .

In 1773, her husband acquired land near Lake Ladoga , where he founded the Irinovka estate, named after Regina-Louise (Irina is a Russified version of the name Regina; now this village is located in the Vsevolozhsk district of the Leningrad Region ) ^[2] . According to another version, the name of the village comes from supposedly standing in the village to the construction of a church or chapel of the Holy Great Martyr Irina ^[3] .

Here Fredericks managed his peat extraction enterprises , forged products , and dairy farms. The following year, Regina Louise herself founded a glass manufacturing company on the Morje River. Unlike the Western European states of that time, where married women were under the patronage of their husbands, the law of the Russian Empire of 1753 recognized for married women the right to independently own and manage property on their own behalf, regardless of their spouses. At the end of the 18th century, the figure of a nobleman and part-time manufacturer was not at all unusual in Russia, unlike, for example, old-regime France , although at the same time the merchant class was relatively small in Russia. One way or another, some nobles became successful industrialists: of the fourteen women owners of enterprises at the end of the 18th century in Northern Russia, ten belonged to the nobility. Regina-Louise Friedricks successfully managed her business, and already in 1794 she founded a second factory near her estate in Irinovka. Its two factories produced 400 boxes of high quality window glass per year for a total of 24,800 rubles . Initially, she managed the factories on her own, but later transferred them to the direct management of Franz Nachman, Sebastian Nachman and Anna Erofeeva. In 1812, it finally sold its plants, which subsequently continued to function until 1912 ^[1] .

Family

Spouse - Ivan Yurievich Fridriks (1723-1779). Their children:

• Louise Ivanovna Fridriks (Karpelan) (1750—?)
• Andrei Ivanovich Fridriks (1759-1843) ^[4] - foreman, adjutant to Prince Potemkin .
• Alexander Ivanovich Fridriks (1760-1799) - baron, lieutenant colonel of artillery, chief controller of the Military College
• Peter Ivanovich Friedricks (1761-1812) - Baron, lieutenant colonel of artillery, Knight of the Order of St. George IV degree
• Gustav Ivanovich Friedricks (1763—?) - Baron, lieutenant colonel of artillery, court adviser
• Ekaterina Ivanovna Fridriks (Meller-Zakomelskaya, Kazarinova) (1765-1820)
• Ivan Ivanovich Fredericks (1766-1828) - lieutenant colonel
• Dorothea Ivanovna Fredericks (1769-1779)
• Elena Ivanovna Fridriks (Pirch, von Weltzin) (1771—?) ^[5]