Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic

In 1932, it bordered on the Lower Volga region in the west, on the Middle Volga region in the north-west, on the Ural region in the north, on the West Siberian region , in the south on the Soviet Central Asian republics, on the southeast on By China .

The area (as of January 1, 1933) was 2 million 853 thousand square meters. km The population - estimated as of January 1, 1931 - 7,260.5 thousand people, including the urban population - 911.2 thousand people. (according to the results of the 1926 census - 6170.2 thousand people and 519.2 thousand people, respectively).

The share of industrial production in the gross product in 1931 was 36.8% (18.4% in the 1927/28 financial year). In 1931, there were more than 40 million hectares of land suitable for plowing (of which a small part was used - 5.6 million hectares in 1932), 10 million hectares of hayfields, 95 million hectares of pasture and 40 million hectares of pasture. At the beginning of the first five-year plan, Kazakhstan accounted for up to 10% of grain crops (mainly wheat) in the USSR. In 1932, 66% of farms and 85.6% of the cultivated area in 5120 collective farms were collectivized (in 1928 collectivization covered 4% of farms), and about 300 state farms were organized, most of them cattle-breeding. By the beginning of 1933, 75 MTS and 160 MSS (machine-mowing stations on horse-drawn) and 5 MSS with tractors were created.

The length of the railways in 1932 was 5474 km (3241 in 1927).

The Cossack Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic appeared in April 1925 as a result of the renaming of the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . Before the revolution, the Kazakhs in Russia were called Kyrgyz or Kyrgyz-Kaisaks, the Kyrgyz - Kara-Kyrgyz; this tradition also existed in the first years of Soviet power, therefore the republic was originally called the Kyrgyz Republic (while the Kyrgyz autonomy was called Kara-Kyrgyz until May 1925) ^[13] . Simultaneously with the renaming of the republic, its capital was moved from Orenburg to the Syr Darya , to the city of Ak-Mechet, renamed Kzyl-Orda . The Orenburg province was returned to the direct subordination of the RSFSR.

The Fifth All-Kyrgyz Congress of Soviets in April 1925 renamed the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic into the Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (or Kazakhstan).

In May 1927, the capital of the republic was moved to Alma-Ata .

In August 1928, all the provinces of the Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were liquidated, and its territory was divided into 13 districts and regions.

July 20, 1930 Kara-Kalpak Autonomous Okrug was withdrawn from the Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and directly subordinate to the RSFSR ^[14] .

In March 1932, the territory of the republic was divided into six large regions :

• Aktobe region (center - Aktyubinsk );
• Alma-Ata region (center - Alma-Ata );
• East Cossack region (center - Semipalatinsk );
• West Cossack region (center - Uralsk );
• Karaganda region (center - Petropavlovsk );
• South Cossack region (center - Chimkent ).

In 1932, the entire territory along the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay, which was previously part of the Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, was transferred to the Turkmen SSR ^[14] .

In December 1934, a plot of territory in the north-west of the republic was transferred to the newly formed Orenburg region .

In February 1936, "in accordance with the Cossack pronunciation" of the word "Qazaq" (representative of the titular ethnic group) and its derivatives, the Russian pronunciation and written designation established the name of the republic as the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ^[5] .

With the adoption of the new Constitution of the USSR on December 5, 1936, the status of the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was elevated to a union republic ; accordingly, it was removed from the RSFSR.

The decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee adopted a new administrative-territorial division of the Kazak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ^[15] :

Karaganda region

1) Vishnevsky, 2) Zerendinsky, 3) Kalininsky, 4) Red Army, 5) Makinsky, 6) Molotovsky, 7) Poludinsky, 8) Priishimsky, 9) Presnogorkovsky, 10) Ayrtausky, 11) Akmolinsky, 12) Aryk-Balyksky, 13) Atbasarsky, 14) Bulaevsky, 15) Beinetkorsky, 16) Esilsky, 17) Karaganda (city), 18) Kzyl-Tuusky, 19) Kokchetavsky, 20) Kurgaldzhinsky, 21) Leninsky, 22) Mamlyutsky, 23) Nurinsky, 24 ) Petropavlovsky (city), 25) Presnovsky, 26) Ruzayevsky, 27) Stalin, 28) Telmansky, 29) Tonkereysky, 30) Schukinsky, 31) Enbekshildersky, 32) Erkenshilik.

East Kazakhstan region

1) Aksuatsky, 2) B. Narymsky, 3) Bukhtarminsky, 4) Predgorninsky, 5) Samara, 6) Urlutyubsky, 7) Lozovsky, 8) Abralinsky, 9) Bel-Agachsky, 10) Bishkaragaysky, 11) Dzharminsky, 12) Zaysansky, 13) Zyryanovsky, 14) Irtyshsky, 15) Katon-Karagaysky, 16) Kirovsky (former Ust-Kamenogorsk), 17) Kokpektinsky, 18) Kurchumsky, 19) Maksimogorkovsky, 20) Pavlodar, 21) Riddersky, 22) Semipalatinsky , 23) Tarbagatai, 24) Ulansky, 25) Tsyurupinsky, 26) Shemonaikhinsky, 27) Chingistavsky.

Alma-Ata region

1) Kaskelensky, 2) Krasnogorsk, 3) Makanchinsky, 4) Sarkand, 5) Uyghur, 6) Alma-Ata (city), 7) Andreevsky (former Lepsinsky), 8) Aksuysky, 9) Ayaguzsky, 10) Alakulsky, 11) Balkhash, 12) Burliu-Tyubinsky, 13) Dzharkentsky, 14) Ili, 15) Karatalsky, 16) Kugalinsky, 17) Kasteksky, 18) Kegensky, 19) Kurdaysky, 20) October, 21) Taldy-Kurgan, 22) Urjar, 23) Chuisky, 24) Chilik, 25) Chubartavsky, 26) Enbekshi-Kazaksky.

Aktobe region

1) Martuksky, 2) New-Russian, 3) Aktyubinsk (city), 4) Aral, 5) Batbakarinsky, 6) Dzhetygary, 7) Irgizsky, 8) Kustanaysky, 9) Karabalyksky, 10) Klyuchevoy, 11) Mendygarinsky, 12 ) Semiozerny, 13) Stepnoy, 14) Turgaysky, 15) Temirsky, 16) Tabyn, 17) Wilsky, 18) Ubagansky, 19) Fedorovsky, 20) Khobdinsky, 21) Chelkarsky.

West Kazakhstan region

11) Burlinsky, 2) Karatyubinsky, 3) Priuralsky, 4) Slamikhinsky, 5) Guryevsky, 6) Dzhangalinsky, 7) Dengiz, 8) Dzhanybeksky, 9) Dzhambeytinsky, 10) Zhilokosinsky, 11) Ispulsky, 12) Kaztalovsky, 13) Kamensky, 14) Lbischensky, 15) Mangistavsky, 16) Terektinsky, 17) Taipaksky, 18) Uralsk (city), 19) Urdinsky, 20) Chingirlaur.

South Kazakhstan region

1) Tulkubassky, 2) Shauldersky, 3) Aulie-Atinsky, 4) Arys, 5) Bostandyksky, 6) Dzhuvalinsky, 7) Kelesky, 8) Kzyl-Ordynsky, 9) Karatassky, 10) Kazalinsky, 11) Karmakchinsky, 12) Kzyl-Kumsky, 13) Karsakpaysky, 14) Lengerovsky, 15) Merkensky, 16) Pakhta-Aralsky, 17) Suzaksky, 18) Sayramsky, 19) Sary-Suy, 20) Turkestan, 21) Talassky, 22) Chayanovsky, 23) Chimkent (city), 24) Yany-Kurgan.

Karkaraly district

1) Bayan-Aulsky, 2) Zhana-Arkinsky, 3) Karkaraly, 4) Balkhash, 5) Kounradsky, 6) Kuva, 7) Chetsky.

• The history of the administrative-territorial division of the RSFSR

• Recycled materials of the 2nd edition of TSB, (1949-1960).
• Agricultural Encyclopedia , 1st ed.

• Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia . - Almaty: “Mәdeni Mұra” - “The Cultural Heritage of Kazakhstan”, 2004. - T. 1. - 560 p. - ISBN 9965-9389-7-0 .