Gustav Theodor Fritsch ( German: Gustav Theodor Fritsch ; 1838-1927) - German naturalist , anatomist , anthropologist , zoologist , physiologist , ethnographer and traveler ; Doctor of Science . Twice nominated for a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1910 and 1911).
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Biography
Gustav Fritsch was born on March 5, 1838 in the city of Cottbus [4] . He studied natural sciences and medicine in Berlin, Breslavl and Heidelberg [5] .
(Gustav Fritsch, , , )
From 1863 to 1866, Fritsch traveled to southern Africa . In 1867 he entered as an assistant at the Anatomical Institute of the University of Berlin , where in 1874 he was appointed extraordinary professor [5] and the head of the histological department at the physiological institute. Together with Eduard Gitzig, he established the electrical excitability of the brain , thereby revealing the correspondence between certain areas of the brain and motor reactions [6] .
In 1868, Gustav Theodor Fritch accompanied an expedition equipped to observe the eclipse of the Sun in Aden, in 1874 participated in an astronomical expedition to Persia (sent to observe the passage of Venus across the disk of the Sun ), from where he took a trip to Asia Minor to study the fauna of this area [5] [7] .
In 1881-1882, on behalf of the Prussian Academy of Sciences , he studied electric fish in Egypt [5] .
In 1910 and 1911, Fritch's achievements were marked by a nomination for the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine . In addition, he was admitted to the ranks of Leopoldina and the .
The scientific works of G. T. Fritch concern mainly the field of comparative anatomy, physiology and anthropology [5] .
Gustav Theodor Fritsch died on June 12, 1927 in the city of Berlin.
He was married to Helena Breslau ( German: Breslau Helene ; 1851–1915), the daughter of the German publisher ; in this marriage they had a daughter and a son.
Selected Bibliography
- “Drei Jahre in Südafrika” (Breslavl, 1868);
- Die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns (Arch. Anat. U. Physiol., 1870; all modern doctrine of “localization” is based on the conclusions presented in this article);
- "D. Eingeborenen Südafrikas ”(Breslavl, 1873);
- “Ueber das stereoskopische Sehen im Mikroskop” (B., 1873);
- “Untersuchungen über den feineren Bau des Fischgehirns” (B., 1878);
- “Die elektrischen Fische” (Leipzig and B., 1886-1890);
- "Entstehung der Rassenmerkmale des menschlichen Haares" ("Sitz. Ber. Ak. Wiss.", B., 1891);
- “Rassenunterschiede der menschlichen Retina” (ibid., 1891);
- Die Gestalt des Menschen für Künstler und Anatomen dargestellt (Stuttgart, 1899).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ 1 2 Southern Africa Association for the Advancement of Science - 1902.
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 115568808 // General Normative Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Fritsch, Gustav Theodor // Neue Deutsche Biographie (German) .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Adelung N. N. Fritsch, Gustav // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Hitzig, Eduard (German) .
- ↑ Jahresbericht 1858 des städt. Gymnasiums St. Maria Magdalena in Breslau.
Literature
- Fritsch, Gustav Theodor // Neue Deutsche Biographie (German) .
Links
- Fritsch, Gustav Theodor at the German National Library .