Founder's Medal is the highest award of the Royal Geographical Society , established in 1831 and handed down to this day "for the promotion and popularization of geography, science and discoveries."
| Founders Medal | ||
|---|---|---|
| English Founder's medal | ||
| ||
| A country |  Great Britain | |
| Type of | medal | |
| Who is handed | Royal Geographical Society | |
| Award Basis | “For the promotion and popularization of geography, science and discoveries” | |
| Status | is awarded | |
| Statistics | ||
| Established | 1831 | |
| First award | 1832 | |
| Last reward | 2018 | |
History
In 1831, the Royal Geographical Society Gold Medal was established, which was a cash prize of 50 guineas from King William IV of Great Britain "for the promotion and promotion of geographical science and discovery." Initially, the award was awarded in money, and in 1836, the laureates began to issue medals. In 1839, by a decision of the Society, the award was divided into two gold medals of equal importance and value - the founders medal and the patrons medal . The founders medal was not awarded only in 1850, 1851, 1855, 1913, 1943 and 1944 [1] [2] .
Criteria
The medal is awarded "for the promotion and popularization of geography, science and discoveries." The medal is awarded annually. Awarding is made on the basis of consideration of the corresponding nomination submitted to the company with the written support of two or three fellows or members of the company [1] [2] .
Description
Design by William Wyon . The medal is engraved with the name of the winner and the date of the award. The reverse depicts the figure of Minerva with a wreath and a scroll in his hands, standing against the background of the globe with a sextant and other lying at her feet. On the obverse is a profile head portrait of William IV [1] .
Founding Medal Laureates
- Explanations
- The winners of the Gold Medal of 1832-1838 before its division in 1839 into two awards are regarded by the Society as owners of the founders medal [3] .
| Year | Laureate | Base |
|---|---|---|
| 1832 | Richard Lander | for significant merit in determining the course and mouth of Niger |
| 1833 | John Bisco | for his discovery of the land of Graham and Enderby in Antarctica |
| 1834 | John ross | for his discovery of Butia Felix and the land of King William and for his famous four wintering in the Arctic |
| 1835 | Alexander Burns | for his amazing and significant travels in Persia |
| 1836 | George Buck | for his recent discoveries in the Arctic, and his memorable journey along the Groot Fis River |
| 1837 | Robert Fitzroy | for his description of the coast of South America , from Rio de la Plata to Guayaquil in Peru |
| 1838 | for valuable data on the comparative and physical geography of Syria , Mesopotamia and the Susiana delta | |
| 1839 | for identifying the still unexplored coast of North America | |
| 1840 | Henry Rawlinson | for research in Persian Guayang |
| 1841 | for his excellent work in the field of practical navigation and navigational astronomy | |
| 1842 | James ross | for the outstanding achievement of the South Pole with an accuracy of 12 ° , where he safely switched to his ships, discovering the great Antarctic continent |
| 1843 | Edward Air | for his hard and extensive research in Australia under difficult conditions |
| 1844 | for useful research in Asia Minor | |
| 1845 | Charles Becke | for his research in Abyssinia |
| 1846 | Pavel Strzheletsky | for research in southeastern Australia |
| 1847 | Charles Sturt | for his research in Australia, and especially for his journey, during which measurements were made of Lake Torrens , extending deep into the continent to 24 ° 30 ' S. w. 138 ° 0 ' s d. |
| 1848 | James brooke | for his expedition to Borneo , and the zeal he showed in promoting geographical discoveries |
| 1849 | Austin layard | for a significant contribution to the geography of Asia , amusing explorations in Mesopotamia , and for the discovery of the ruins of Nineveh |
| 1850 | Not awarded [K 1] . | |
| 1851 | Not awarded [K 2] . | |
| 1852 | John ray | for the survey of Butia under severe deprivation and for his very significant contribution to the geography of the Arctic |
| 1853 | Francis Galton | for equipping and conducting an expedition to explore the center of South Africa |
| 1854 | William Smith | for his valuable hydrographic studies in the Mediterranean |
| 1855 | Not awarded [K 3] . | |
| 1856 | Elisha Kane | for his service and discoveries in the polar regions during in search of Sir John Franklin |
| 1857 | Augustus Gregory | for extensive and significant research in Western and Northern Australia |
| 1858 | for discoveries in the Arctic regions | |
| 1859 | Richard Burton | for his various research ventures, and especially for his perilous expedition with captain D.H. Spike to the Great Lakes in East Africa |
| 1860 | Jane franklin | for the selfless perseverance on sending expeditions to clarify the fate of her husband |
| 1861 | John spike | for his outstanding geographical discoveries in Africa , and especially his discovery of the great Lake Victoria Nyanza |
| 1862 | Robert Burke [K 4] | in honor of this brave explorer who died with his companion Wills while crossing the continent of Australia |
| 1863 | for successful research in Western Australia | |
| 1864 | James grant | for his trip to East Equatorial Africa with Captain D.H. Spike |
| 1865 | for his outstanding trigonometric journey from the plains of the Punjab to the Karakorum Range | |
| 1866 | Thomas Thomson | for his research in the and Tibet |
| 1867 | Alexey Butakov | for pioneering the descent and sailing of ships on the Aral Sea , and for his study of the mouth of Oxus |
| 1868 | August Peterman | for his significant services as a writer and cartographer |
| 1869 | Adolf Nordensjöld | for preparing and conducting Swedish expeditions to Svalbard, thanks to which our awareness of many aspects of zoology , botany , geology and meteorology has significantly increased |
| 1870 | George Hayward | for his trip to East Turkestan , and for reaching the Pamir steppe |
| 1871 | Roderick Murchison | as a sign of respect to the one who, for 40 years, was engaged in the care of the Society with more than paternal care and finally brought him to the forefront of our scientific Societies |
| 1872 | Henry Yul | for outstanding services in geography |
| 1873 | for his energy and perseverance in exploring the Yellow River , as well as for his journey through Western Mongolia | |
| 1874 | Georg Schweinfurt | for his research in Africa |
| 1875 | Karl Weiprecht | for energy and perseverance when commanding expeditions to Svalbard and Novaya Zemlya |
| 1876 | Bring back Cameron | for his trip to Africa from Zanzibar to Benguela , and for his exploration of Lake Tanganyika |
| 1877 | George nars | for his command of the Arctic Expedition of 1875/6 , during which ships and luge squads reached northern latitude of significantly greater values than previously achieved |
| 1878 | Ferdinand von Richthofen | for his extensive travels and research in China |
| 1879 | Nikolay Przhevalsky | for a number of expeditions and field trips in Mongolia and the highlands of Northern Tibet |
| 1880 | for his service in connection with the Swedish Arctic expeditions on Vega | |
| 1881 | Sickle Pinto | for his trip to Africa , during which he explored 500 miles of new terrain |
| 1882 | Gustav Nachtigal | for his trip to Eastern Sahara |
| 1883 | Joseph Hooker | for prominent achievements in scientific geography |
| 1884 | Archibald Kolhun | for his trip from Canton to Irrawaddy |
| 1885 | Joseph Thomson | for his zeal, swiftness and luck during two expeditions to East Central Africa |
| 1886 | Adolph Greeley | for a significant addition to our knowledge of the shores of the Arctic Sea and the interior of the |
| 1887 | for zeal and persistence in carrying out research in Afghanistan | |
| 1888 | Clements Markem | in recognition of the value of his great contribution to geographical literature when he left the Society Secretariat after 25 years of service |
| 1889 | Arthur Carey | for his wonderful trip to Central Asia , during which he traveled 4,750 miles through regions where no Englishman had ever been |
| 1890 | Emin Pasha | for the great services to geography shown to him during his twelve-year rule of the Equatorial Province of Egypt |
| 1891 | James Hector | for research conducted as a naturalist on the |
| 1892 | Alfred Wallace | renowned naturalist, traveler and co-researcher Charles Darwin regarding the theory of natural selection , in recognition of the high geographical value of his great works |
| 1893 | Frederick Selous | in recognition of 20 years of research and research in South Africa |
| 1894 | for his wonderful journey through Tibet , from west to east | |
| 1895 | John Murray | for his services to physical geography , especially oceanography , and for his work aboard the Challenger |
| 1896 | for services to geography in British New Guinea in the study, mapping, and reporting of natives | |
| 1897 | Pyotr Semenov | for his long-term efforts to promote Russian research in Central Asia |
| 1898 | Sven Gedin | for important research work in Central Asia |
| 1899 | for valuable work within the big bend of Niger | |
| 1900 | for research and research in Central Asia | |
| 1901 | Luigi, Duke of Abruzzi | for his ascent to the top of Mount St. Elijah and for his arctic journey on the |
| 1902 | Frederick Lugard | for his continued attention to the geography of Africa |
| 1903 | in recognition of his valuable contribution to our knowledge of the Caucasus | |
| 1904 | Harry Johnston | for his significant useful service for the study of Africa |
| 1905 | for research in the highlands of Svalbard | |
| 1906 | Alfred Grandidier | as a veteran of French science, who devoted forty years of his life to the study of Madagascar , and for his monumental work on the island in 52 quarto volumes |
| 1907 | Francisco Moreno | for extensive research in the Patagonian Andes |
| 1908 | for his three-year trip to Africa from Niger to the Nile | |
| 1909 | Mark Stein | for his extensive research in Central Asia and, in particular, his archaeological work |
| 1910 | for geographical discoveries and explorations along the North-Eastern border of India , and in particular for his pioneering tour of Karakorum | |
| 1911 | Peter Kozlov | for research in the Gobi Desert , Northern Tibet and Mongolia |
| 1912 | Charles Doughty | for his outstanding research in Northern Arabia , and for his classic work describing their results |
| 1913 | Not awarded [K 5] . | |
| 1914 | Albrecht Penk | for his development of almost every branch of scientific geography and, in particular, for his idea of creating an international map of the world on a millionth scale |
| 1915 | Douglas Mawson | for his leadership of the Australian Antarctic expedition , in which very important scientific results were achieved |
| 1916 | Percy fawcett | for his contribution to mapping South America |
| 1917 | for research in | |
| 1918 | Gertrude Bell | for her significant research and travels in Asia Minor , Syria , Arabia and the Euphrates |
| 1919 | Evan Jack | for geographical work on the Western Front |
| 1920 | Harry philby | for his two trips around South Central Arabia |
| 1921 | Villalmoor Stefansson | for his outstanding achievements in the development of the Arctic Ocean |
| 1922 | for his outstanding merits in command of an expedition to Mount Everest | |
| 1923 | Knud Rasmussen | for research and research in the Arctic regions |
| 1924 | for his trip to Kutara and Darfur | |
| 1925 | Charles Bruce | for his geographic life-long exploration of the Himalayas and his leadership of the 1922 expedition to Everest |
| 1926 | Edward norton | for his outstanding leadership of the 1924 expedition to Everest and his ascent to a height of 28,100 feet |
| 1927 | for his participation in the study of India and Russian Turkestan and his leadership of the expedition to Shaksgamu | |
| 1928 | for long-term geographical work in the Himalayas | |
| 1929 | за его поездки в Сахару и его труды о народе туарегов | |
| 1930 | Фрэнк Кингдон-Уорд | за географические исследования, и работы по ботаническому распространению в Китае и Тибете |
| 1931 | за географическую работу в Аравии и успешное пересечение им Руб-эль-Хали | |
| 1932 | Генри Уоткинс | за его работу в Арктических регионах, в особенности в качестве руководителя |
| 1933 | Джеймс Уорди | за работу в полярных исследованиях |
| 1934 | за его путешествия в Гималаи и руководство им экспедицией 1933 года на Эверест | |
| 1935 | за путешествия по Ливийской пустыне | |
| 1936 | Джордж Мюррей | за исследования и изыскания в пустынях Синая и Восточного Египта , и за его труды о племенах бедуинов |
| 1937 | Клинтон Льюис | за изыскания в Ираке , Сирии и дельте Иравади , и за его работы в Афганской и Турко-Иракской пограничных комиссиях |
| 1938 | Джон Раймилл | за ценную научную работу в своей |
| 1939 | Артур Чэмпион | за его исследования провинции ( Кения ) и вулканов к югу от озера Рудольф |
| 1940 | за исследования и изыскания в Хадрамауте | |
| 1941 | за его исследования в Ливийской пустыне и применение им своего опыта | |
| 1942 | Фрейя Старк | за её путешествия по Востоку и их описание |
| 1943 | Не вручалась. | |
| 1944 | Не вручалась. | |
| 1945 | за его вклад в геологию Севера | |
| 1946 | Эдвард Гленни | за его работу по геодезии Индии и его вклад в картографирование Дальнего Востока |
| 1947 | за исследовательскую работу в аэросъёмке и за его картографическую работу | |
| 1948 | Уилфрид Тесайджер | за вклад в географию Южной Аравии и за пересечение им пустыни Руб-эль-Хали |
| 1949 | за его работу по организации и применение им географии в национальном планировании | |
| 1950 | Джордж Уолпол | за вклад в картографирование |
| 1951 | Вивиан Фукс | за его вклад в изучение Антарктики и её исследование в качестве руководителя изысканиями 1948—50 годов |
| 1952 | Гарольд Тильман | за изыскательские работы в горах Восточной Африки и Центральной Азии |
| 1953 | за исследования в Канадской Арктике | |
| 1954 | Джон Хант | как руководителю Британской экспедиции на гору Эверест |
| 1955 | за заслуги в развитии географических исследований и изысканий | |
| 1956 | как руководителю и за участие в полярных исследованиях | |
| 1957 | за географические исследования и изыскания в Гималаях | |
| 1958 | Пол Сайпл | за вклад в Антарктические исследования и изыскания |
| 1959 | за первое транс-полярное подводное плавание на « USS Nautilus » под его командованием | |
| 1960 | за Антарктические исследования и изыскания | |
| 1961 | Михаил Сомов | за Антарктические исследования и изыскания |
| 1962 | Эрвин Макдональд | за прибрежные исследования в море Беллинсгаузена ( Антарктида ) |
| 1963 | Жак-Ив Кусто | за подводные исследования и изыскания |
| 1964 | Луис Лики | за палеографические исследования и открытия в Восточной Африке |
| 1965 | Фред Рутс | за полярные исследования и изыскания, с особым упором на Канадскую Арктику |
| 1966 | Эдред Корнер | за ботанические исследования на Северном Борнео и Соломоновых Островах |
| 1967 | за вклад в исследование и развитие Мату-Гросу | |
| 1968 | за Арктические исследования и изыскания | |
| 1969 | Родольфо Панцарини | за заслуги в Антарктических исследованиях и изысканиях и вклад в международное сотрудничество в науках об Антарктике |
| 1970 | Уолтер Герберт | за Арктические и Антарктические исследования и изыскания |
| 1971 | за океанографические исследования и изыскания | |
| 1972 | за гидрографическое картографирование и океанографические исследования | |
| 1973 | Норман Фэлкон | как руководителю экспедиции Общества в Мусандам ( Северный Оман ) и за вклад в географическую историю региона Персидского залива |
| 1974 | Кристиан Бонингтон | за горные исследования |
| 1975 | Лоуренс Кирван | за вклад в географическую историю долины Нубийского Нила и Восточной Африки , а также за заслуги в исследованиях |
| 1976 | за полярные изыскания и вклад в Антарктические исследования и политические переговоры | |
| 1977 | за экономическую географию и за его вклад в международные договорённости по географическому обучению | |
| 1978 | Реджинальд Браун | за заслуги в науках о картографировании |
| 1979 | за вклад в геоморфологию , изучение коралловых рифов и историю академической географии | |
| 1980 | Уильям Мид | за вклад в географические познания и, в частности касательно географии Скандинавии |
| 1981 | Кит Миллер | за полевые работы в Каракоруме , Исландии и Гренландии |
| 1982 | Майкл Уорд | за высокогорные медицинские исследования и руководство британской экспедицией на гору Конгур |
| 1983 | Питер Скотт | за вклад в охрану природы |
| 1984 | Ранульф Файнс | за полярные исследования |
| 1985 | Дэвид Аттенборо | за вклад в географическое просвещение |
| 1986 | Тимоти Северин | за восстановление сил после предыдущих путешествий |
| 1987 | Энтони Лоутон | за вклад в океанографию |
| 1988 | за вклад в географию городов и планирования | |
| 1989 | Моника Кристенсен | за Антарктические исследования |
| 1990 | за его вклад в исследование Амазонии | |
| 1991 | за вклад в геоморфологию | |
| 1992 | за вклад в исследование городских и региональных систем | |
| 1993 | Кеннет Грегори | за вклад в гидрологию и геоморфологию |
| 1994 | за вклад в геоморфологию | |
| 1995 | Гаторн Гаторн-Гарди | за исследования тропических лесов и руководство « » |
| 1996 | за вклад в океанографию | |
| 1997 | за вклад в историческую географию | |
| 1998 | Роберт Беннетт | за вклад в географию человека , а также в энвайроменталистскую и |
| 1999 | за вклад в разработку методов обработки и подходов моделирования в геоморфологии | |
| 2000 | Брайан Робсон | за вклад в географию городов и географические перспективы в городской политике |
| 2001 | Уильям Граф | за вклад в исследования речных процессов в засушливых районах, а также во взаимодействие науки и государственной политики |
| 2002 | за вклад в горные исследования и осведомленность общественности о проблемах гор | |
| 2003 | за вклад в географическую информатику | |
| 2004 | за продвижение международного взаимопонимания в палеогидрологии и геоморфологии | |
| 2005 | Николас Шеклтон | за исследования четвертичной палеоклиматологии |
| 2006 | Дерек Грегори | за руководящую роль в международных исследованиях в области человеческой географии и социальной теории |
| 2007 | за руководящую роль в международных исследованиях в области климата и климатических изменений | |
| 2008 | за поощрение, развитие и продвижение гляциологии | |
| 2009 | Алан Бейкер | за вклад в историческую географию |
| 2010 | за поощрение, развитие и популяризацию понимания влияния человека на изменение климата | |
| 2011 | Дэвид Ливингстон | за поощрение и продвижение исторической географии |
| 2012 | за поощрение и развитие исторической и культурной географии | |
| 2013 | Кит Ричардс | за поощрение и развитие физической географии и речной геоморфологии |
| 2014 | за поощрение и развитие гляциологии | |
| 2015 | Майкл Бэтти | за поощрение и развитие науки о географии городов |
| 2016 | за эрудированность и руководящую роль в области человеческой и экономической географии | |
| 2017 | за совершенствование и содействие развитию сельского хозяйства в Азии и Африке | |
| 2018 | за научные экспедиции и повышение эрудированности общества | |
Comments
- ↑ Вместо медали основателей в этом году Давиду Ливингстону были вручены часы - хронометр с основанием «за его путешествия на Великое озеро Нгами ».
- ↑ Вместо медали основателей в этом году Георгу Валлину была вручена денежная премия в размере 25 гиней с основанием «за его интересные и значительные путешествия по Аравии ».
- ↑ Вместо медали основателей в этом году Карлу Андерссону был вручён набор геодезических инструментов с основанием «за его путешествия по Юго-Западной Африке ».
- ↑ Награждён посмертно.
- ↑ Вместо медали основателей в этом году Кетлин Скотт была вручена шкатулка с медалью покровителей и специальной антарктической медалью, которыми был награждён её покойный муж, Роберт Скотт .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 History and past recipients . Королевское географическое общество . Date of treatment July 10, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 Medals and awards. Overview . Королевское географическое общество . Date of treatment July 10, 2018.
- ↑ Gold Medal Recipients . Королевское географическое общество . Date of treatment July 10, 2018.
Literature
- Year-Book and Record . — London: Kensington Gore SW: Royal Geographical Society, 1914. — С. 25—38. — 126 с. (eng.)
Links
- Founders Medal . Royal Geographical Society .