Type 92 (九二 式 重 機関 銃 Kyūni-shiki jū-kikanjū) is a Japanese easel machine gun created in 1932 to replace the Type 3 machine gun in the army. The name Type 92 comes from the year it was adopted - 2592 according to the Japanese calendar (1932 Gregorian) [1] . The machine gun was produced at the Hino Motors and Hitachi factories, the total production volume was about 45,000 copies. [2]
| Type 92 九二 式 重 機関 銃 | |
|---|---|
 Type 92 | |
| Type of | easel machine gun |
| A country |  Japan empire |
| Service History | |
| Years of operation | 1932–1950s |
| Adopted | |
| In service | See Operators |
| Wars and conflicts | Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) The Second World War Chinese Civil War Korean war War in vietnam |
| Production history | |
| Constructor | Kijiro nambu |
| Designed by | 1932 |
| Manufacturer | Hino Motors , Hitachi |
| Years of production | 1932 - 1941 |
| Total released | 45,000 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight kg | 28 (machine gun body) + 24 kg (machine) |
| Length mm | 1,156 |
| Barrel length mm | 721 |
| Cartridge | 7.7 × 58 mm Arisaka |
| Caliber mm | 7.7 |
| Work principles | The removal of powder gases |
| Rate of fire rounds / min | 400-450 |
| starting speed bullets , m / s | 800 |
| Sighting range , m | 800 |
| Type of ammunition | 30-round stiff cassette |
Content
History
In 1932, the Japanese army adopted a new rifle cartridge of 7.7 × 58 mm SR Arisaka Type 92 , which was eventually called upon to replace the 6.5 mm caliber cartridge, which did not fully satisfy the army. The basis of this cartridge was the English cartridge .303 , used in Japanese aviation. Under this cartridge, the Type 92 machine gun was created and adopted for service, which was the development of a 6.5 mm Type 3 machine gun. [3]
The machine gun was widely used by the Imperial Army of Japan and Chinese collaborators . [4] The captured Type 92 was also used by the National Revolutionary Army of China against the Japanese during World War II , the Korean People’s Army against the United Nations forces during the Korean War , the NFLW and the BHA during the war with France and during the Vietnam War . [four]
Design
Structurally, the Type 92 resembled its predecessor, Type 3 - it used a similar air cooling system, was charged with rigid 30-round cartridge cassettes and so on. Bullets fired from the Type 92 exited the barrel at a speed of about 730 m / s, and the rate of fire was about 450 rounds per minute. During the Pacific War, the Type 92 was periodically used for firing at air targets. Among the Allied soldiers , the machine gun received the nickname “Woodpecker” because of the characteristic sound that it made when shooting due to its relatively low rate of fire, Chinese soldiers nicknamed Type 92 “chicken neck” (雞 脖子). [4] The Type 92 had a maximum firing range of 4,500 meters, but in practice it shot at 800 meters.
Shooting from Type 92 was conducted from a tripod machine of the Arisaka system. For anti-aircraft firing, the machine is given an additional rack fixed to the swivel. A distinctive feature of this machine are tubular nozzles at the ends of its supports. Special elongated handles are inserted into these nozzles, forming a kind of stretcher for transportation in the assembly of a machine gun for two or three people. In some cases, machine guns were installed on the pedestal installations in the bunkers . [3]
The placement of the sight was unusual - it was slightly tilted to the right, and not in the center. Several different sights for the Type 92 were made - periscope sights of Type 93 and Type 94, as well as a telescopic sight of Type 96. A ring-type anti-aircraft sight was also released.
The main problems with these weapons included short tapes - 30 round cartridges, which did not allow a high rate of fire, as with belt-fed machine guns, and a built-in grease gun that lubricated the cartridges in the tape before they were fed into the barrel, which guaranteed reliable extraction in dirty conditions weapons, but increased its complexity and made it difficult to operate. [five]
Operators
- : Used by the Japanese army and collaborations. [four]
- Trophy Type 92 used by both PLA and NRA
- [6]
- Vietnam [7] and NFOJUV
Gallery
Machine gun Type 92 at the Yasukuni Shrine .
During the Second Battle of Changsha .
Australian soldiers use captured Type 92 against Japanese during battle for Cockroach
A Japanese soldier aims through a Type 96 telescopic sight, Guadalcanal, 1942.
Type 92 at the National Museum of World War II in New Orleans.
Notes
- ↑ [1] Machine gun Type 03 / Type 03 and type 92 / Type 92 (Japan)
- ↑ [2] JapaneseWeapons.net.
- ↑ 1 2 Machine guns Type 3, Type 92
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Japanese 7.7mm Heavy Machine Gun Type 92
- ↑ Type 92 Japanese HMG
- ↑ Type 92 Shiki Kikanju Heavy Machine Gun (HMG) - Imperial Japan
- ↑ Christophe Dutrône. Le salaire de la peur: convois en Indochine (Fr.) // Batailles & Blindés Magazine. - 2009. - October ( No. 33 ). - S. 15 . - ISSN 1765-0828 .
Sources
- Daugherty III, Leo J. Fighting Techniques of a Japanese Infantryman 1941-1945. ISBN 1-86227-162-3 .
- Nakanishi, Ritta (1998). Japanese Infantry Arms in World War II. Dainipponkaiga.