Prisivash lowland ( Ukrainian Prisivaska lowland ) - lowland in the north of the Crimean peninsula and in the south of Kherson region . It is located around the Sivash Bay of the Sea of Azov . It occupies the north of Krasnoperekopsky, Dzhankoysky, Nizhnegorsky, north-west of the Soviet regions.
| Sisivash lowland | |
|---|---|
| Ukrainian Prisivaska low | |
| Characteristics | |
| Rivers | Salgir |
| Lakes | Perekop group |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| Region | Crimea |
Content
- 1 Description
- 2 Geology
- 3 Nature
- 4 notes
- 5 Links
- 6 Sources
Description
It extends from the Perekop Isthmus to the Arabat Strelka [2] , according to other sources from the Perekop Isthmus to the Wet Indol River , where it is replaced by the Indole lowland [3] . The lowlands correspond to the physical-geographical region of the North Crimean lowland steppe . Its surface rises from north to south from 0 to 30 m, in the Kherson region - from south to north. The lowest point is the water edge of Lake Staroe -5.0 m. The highest point are many nameless hills.
The shores of Sivash Bay are heavily indented by bays. Droughts of the Western Sivash (Algazy) - deeply protruding parts of the water, separated by land periodically flooded by the wind - wind surges - enter the land. In the Crimea, in the lowlands, there are lakes of the Perekop group: Aigul or Kirsk , Kirleut or Kerleut , Kiyat or Tarhansk , Krasnoye or Ass , Krugloye or Adaman , Pusurman or Solyonoye , Old or Tuzla , Chaika , Yangul ; in the Kherson region: Kruglyak , Estuary , Overyanovskoe , Sokolovskoe . Here Salgir flows in the lower reaches, small rivers ( Pobednaya , Istochnaya , Mirnovka , Chatyrlyk ) and many canal networks have been created (including the North Crimean Canal , the Azov Canal , P-5-1 in the Kherson Region).
The climate is moderately hot, with moderately mild winters, very arid in the western part and arid in the eastern part of the region.
| Coastal water complex of the Sivash Bay | Victory River | Lowland landscape. Akimovka village | Coastal-water complex of the south of Aigul Lake |
Geology
The foundation of the lowland in the Crimea is the site of the Scythian plate, in the Kherson region - the Black Sea basin.
In the Crimea, the North Crimean elevated plain adjoins the Sisivash lowland in the south. The soils are represented by aeolian-deluvial loams and clay, which are replaced by alluvial loams and sandy loams in the valleys of few rivers and gullies, and near Sivash in estuaries of large rivers, by estuary yellow-brown and greenish sandy clays. Scythes and embankments consist of sand-shell rocks.
In the Kherson region is a decrease in the Black Sea lowland. The crystalline basement is lowered to a great depth and covered with a thick sequence of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic deposits. In geomorphological terms, it is a marine accumulative terrace plain, within which 3 terrace plains stand out - the ancient and young Upper Pliocene and Ancient Euxinian. The average value of the absolute elevation marks is 5-6 m, individual sections have elevations of 0.4 m below sea level.
Soils : 1) chestnut solonetzic very low humus accumulative in combination with chestnut solonetzs ultra low humus accumulative, 2) meadow chestnut solonetzic in combination with chestnut solonetzs ultra low humus accumulative, 3) dark chestnut hummifluous hummocks 4) marsh . In the Kherson region, the part adjacent to Sivash is represented by the first type of soil, in Crimea - by the 1 + 2 complex. Further, when elevating the soil, they are replaced by the third type. In the floodplains of the rivers (Salgir and its tributaries) the fourth type of soil is represented [4] .
Nature
In the conditions of shallow and rare surface depressions, as well as a shallow occurrence of saline groundwater in the area along the coast, a belt of salt marshes and halophytic meadows in combination with wormwood and fescue steppes stretches. Above are the belts of wormwood-fescue and feather-grass-fescue steppes in combination with halophytic meadows. In general, desert steppes on chestnut soils are most widespread in the lowlands. Here there are orchards, vineyards, forest belts. No forests.
Deserted vegetation (hodgepodge, wormwood, quinoa) does not form a continuous cover on its saline solonchak and solonetzic soils. Due to the high air temperature, saline water in the lagoon and lakes is very warm and evaporates. Therefore, in their waters there is a high concentration of salts - up to 17%. [5]
For the protection of natural complexes, the Prisivash Nature Reserve (1,000 ha), the Kalinovsky Natural (Regional) Park (12,000 ha), the Azov-Sivash National Nature Park (occupying the water area and islands) were created. Previously (until 2000) there were natural monuments Nizhnegorsky state farm plant park (5 hectares, Tsvetuschy village) and Primorye farm state farm plant (8 hectares, Izobilnoye village) in the Nizhnegorsky district. It was supposed to protect the inflow and coast of Sivash with a complex of wetland vegetation, with rich avifauna, the creation of the Plavni Wildlife Sanctuary in the Nizhnegorsky District [6] , the Dzhankoysky Zatoka Reserves, the Snake Islands , Mysova and Chongarsky in the Dzhankoysky District, the Oktyabrsky Wildlife Sanctuary in the Soviet District.
Notes
- ↑ This geographical feature is located on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula , most of which is the subject of territorial disagreements between Russia , which controls the disputed territory, and Ukraine , within the borders of which the disputed territory is recognized by the international community. According to the federal structure of Russia , the subjects of the Russian Federation are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Republic of Crimea and the city of federal significance Sevastopol . According to the administrative division of Ukraine , the regions of Ukraine are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city with special status Sevastopol .
- ↑ A.I. Aybabin Ethnic history of the early Byzantine Crimea.
- ↑ Malaya girnicha encyclopedia: in 3 volumes / ed. V.S. Bіletsky. - D.: Skhidny vidavnichy dim, 2004-2013.
- ↑ Map of the Soil of Ukraine. Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry named after O. N. Sokolovsky. M.I. Polupan, V. B. Solovey, V. A. Velichko. 2005
- ↑ Lebedinsky, 1974, p. 43-48.
- ↑ About Float Reserve
Links
Sources
- Geography of Crimea. Edited by Candidate of Geographical Sciences. prof. P.D. Podgorelsky, Ph.D. Assoc. V.B. Kudryavtseva. Crimean educational and pedagogical state publishing house. 1995
- A.I. Aybabin Ethnic history of the early Byzantine Crimea. // Simferopol: GIFT. 1999.352 s. ISBN 5-7707-3165-6
- Surface water resources of the USSR. Volume 6: Ukraine and Moldova. Issue 4: Crimea. Under. ed. M. M. Eisenberg and M. S. Kaganer. - L. Hydrometeoizdat. 1966.270-271 p.