Amazonas

The name of the state comes from the Amazon River - the main river not only of Amazonas, but of all of South America .

The territory of the state crosses the equator , with most of it located in the southern hemisphere . From west to east across the territory of the Amazonas flow the deep Amazon River and many of its tributaries. All major rivers in the state are navigable and are the main thoroughfares of the state. All the important cities of Amazonas are built by the rivers ^[1] .

Amazonas is a hilly plain, much of which is marshy. Only in the north of the state is the highland of Serra Imeri - the southern edge of the Guiana Highlands. 70% of Amazonas is covered with dense forests, and 30% of the steppe.

The climate is temperate continental. There are two seasons of the year - winter , which lasts from December to March , and a hot summer from April to November . For the year in Amazonas, there is between 500 and 2000 mm of precipitation, with the maximum amount falling on the source area of Rio Negro .

Amazonas - part of the Brazilian Federation, has the same rights as other states of Brazil .

The administrative staff is divided into 4 mezoregion and 13 microregions. The state has 62 municipalities .

According to information collected during the 2010 census by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the population of the state is:

Industry

The state capital, Manaus , has been declared a free economic zone , which aims to accelerate the development of the Amazon region. It is concentrated about 98% of the industrial production of the state. More than half of the production volume is occupied by the electrical and electronic industry: the production of mobile phones, computers and peripherals, audio and video equipment, office equipment. Manaus also produces motorcycles , watches, toys, thermoplastic products, household chemicals and metallurgy ^[2] .

In addition, Manaus is the only oil refinery in the Amazon. In 2003, the Balbina Hydropower Plant with a capacity of 50 MW was commissioned on the Uatuman River to supply electricity to the city.

Mining

Ores of tin , aluminum , tantalum , iron are mined in the state, reserves of sulfur pyrite , lead , copper , chromium , manganese are explored , gold and precious stones are mined.

In the area of ​​the city of Cuarre in Amazonas, Brazil’s largest gas field is located on the solid soil of Uruku, where oil and gas are produced . Sand , refractory clay , kaolin , granite and other building materials are developed by quarrying .

On the islands of the Amazon found large reserves of peat .

Agriculture

The state has developed animal husbandry, in particular cattle breeding , as well as pig breeding , sheep breeding , horse breeding , poultry farming , breeding quails and rabbits .

Such crops as corn , rice , soybeans , beans , pineapples , watermelons , pomegranates , potatoes are grown , plantations of bananas , sugarcane , guarana , oranges , coffee , coconuts are cultivated.

Forestry and Fisheries

The state is collecting Hevea juice, Brazil nuts, wood harvesting and woodworking ^[3] .

In addition to catching edible fish, crustaceans and collecting mollusks , Amazonas also captures exotic (“decorative”) tropical fish exported to foreign aquarists at 20 million a year.

The state capital, the city of Manaus, has become one of Brazil's 12 cities, which in 2014 hosted the World Cup . The most titled and popular club of the state is Nacional from Manaus (more than 40 times became the champion of the state ), which for 14 seasons played in the top division of Brazilian football.

• Amazonas - an article in the encyclopedia "Around the World."
• State official website