The Nechaevs Manor is a former noble estate in the village of Polybino, Dankovsky District, Lipetsk Region , 40 kilometers from Kulikovo Field and 45 km from the city of Dankov . The estate is located on the right bank of the Don River , opposite the old Dankovsky settlement. Before the October Revolution belonged to the nobles Nechaev . [1] The center of the estate is the Palladian manor house. The estate also includes an English park with a cascade of ponds, an arena, a stable and other buildings. The remains of the structures are partially preserved among fragments of the old park.
| Homestead | |
| Manor of the Nechaevs | |
|---|---|
| A country | |
| Location | |
| Status |  An object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation of federal significance. Reg. No. 511420035350006 ( EGROKN ). (Wikigid database) |
Content
Manor History
Prior to the October Revolution , the estate housed the first museum of the Battle of Kulikovo in Russia, created by Stepan Dmitrievich Nechaev ( 1792 - 1860 ), the first historian and amateur archeologist who loved the Kulikovo field . S. D. Nechaev was the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod , a senator , a true Privy Councilor , historian , archaeologist , poet and writer. S. D. Nechaev organized the installation of a 30-meter memorial column in honor of the victory of Russian soldiers in the Battle of Kulikovo and began raising funds for the church of St. Sergius of Radonezh on Kulikovo Field .
Of the owners of the Polybino estate, the most famous is the son of S.D. Nechaev , the great philanthropist Yu.S. Nechaev-Maltsov , the person who donated the Museum of Fine Arts (Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts) to Russia in Moscow, donating the bulk of the money ( more than 2 million of 2.6 million rubles).
The contribution of Nechaev-Maltsov to the museum was enormous: marble and granite cladding, a white marble colonnade of the main facade, a portico decorated with friezes, works of academician Hugo Zaleman . Skilful masons were written out at his expense from Italy ; he paid for the design of the central front staircase with multi-colored rocks of Hungarian marble and the White Hall, decorated with 36 colonnades. And this is not counting his first donation - a twenty-meter frieze - a copy of the mosaic panels of St. Mark's Cathedral in Venice . 300 workers hired by Nechaev-Maltsov mined in the Urals white marble of special frost resistance; when it turned out that it was impossible to make ten-meter columns for a portico in Russia, Yuri Stepanovich ordered them in Norway , chartered a ship for their delivery by sea, and barges for rafting along rivers to Moscow itself. On the facade of the museum building, which has been named after A. S. Pushkin since 1937 , a memorial plaque with a bas-relief of the great art connoisseur Yu. S. Nechaev-Maltsov has been installed.
L.N. Tolstoy , I.E. Repin , I.K. Aivazovsky , K.A. Korovin , V.D. Polenov , V.V. Vasnetsov visited and visited the Polybino estate near Yu.S. Nechaev-Maltsov. I.V. Tsvetaev , A.N. Benois , Olga Knipper-Chekhova , Anna Akhmatova .
Shukhov Tower
The attraction of the estate is a tower designed by engineer V. G. Shukhov . This is the first hyperboloid-shaped structure in the world and the first tower in the world made in the form of a supporting mesh shell .
The tower was built by V.G. Shukhov for the largest pre - revolutionary All - Russian industrial and art exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod , which was held from May 28 (June 9) to October 1 (13), 1896 . After the exhibition, it was bought by Yu. S. Nechaev-Maltzov. The tower was transported unassembled to Polybino and installed by V. G. Shukhov near the Nechaevs palace.
Hyperboloid structures were subsequently built by many famous architects: Gaudi , Le Corbusier , Oscar Niemeyer . Shukhov towers are in demand today. In Kobe ( Japan ), the 108-meter hyperboloid Shukhov tower Kobe Port Tower was built . Modern hyperboloid designs are in the USA , Brazil , the United Arab Emirates , Spain , Switzerland , the Czech Republic , Hungary and Great Britain . The giant 610-meter hyperboloid mesh Shukhov TV tower was erected for the 2010 Pan-Asian Games in Guangzhou in China .
Current status
By Decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR No. 624 of December 4, 1974, the Polybino estate - including the manor house, the Shukhov Tower , a park with ponds and service buildings - were declared state monuments of architecture of federal significance. [2]
Gallery
View of the temple in Streshnevo ( XVIII century ) from the estate Polybino, 2009
Don River at the Polybino Estate, 2009
Manor House, 2009
Manor House and Shukhov Tower
View of the manor house from the tower of Shukhov, 2008
Shukhov Tower in Polybino , 2009
Inside view of the tower, 2009
Don River at the lower park of the Nechaevs estate in Polybino, 2009
See also
- Museum of the Battle of Kulikovo
- Maltsov
Notes
- ↑ Three generations of connoisseurs of Russian art. Archived on August 8, 2014. . - Lipetsk.ru
- ↑ Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR "On Supplementing and Partially Amending Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of August 30, 1960 No. 1327" On Further Improving the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the RSFSR "No. 624 of 12/04/1974
Links
- E. Polekhina, “History of the Polybino Estate”
- S. L. Mukhina “Three Generations of the Nechaevs”
- Local historian A. Yu. Klokov on preserving the Nechaevs estate in Polybino (video)
- About the Shukhov Tower and the Nechaev Palace in Polybino (video)
- Secret of Chief Prosecutor Nechaev
- TV channel "Star" about Polybino (video) January 21, 2008
- Corrosion and destruction of the foundation of the tower in Polybin (video)
- Restoration of riveted steel structures V. G. Shukhov
- Tourist prospects of the estate // Russian newspaper
- Shukhov tower in Polybino needs restoration // REGNUM
- On the preservation of the palace in Polybino // Lipetsk news
- "News" about Polybino (video) January 22, 2008
- Archives of the Nechayev-Maltzov family
- Site of the village of Polybino, Dankovsky district, Lipetsk region
- Map sheet N-37-90 Kurkino . Scale: 1: 100,000. 1983 edition