Putin - fucking!

The dynamics of socio-political events in Ukraine in connection with the outbreak of protest movements and the ensuing armed conflict in the east of the country also went into the plane of information wars (“war of narratives”, from the English - “war of words” ^[6] ), producing new “Semantic definitions-concepts” - often dividing participants into “friends” and “strangers”. In particular, this was reflected in the use of derogatory (swearing) words, in labeling and using nicknames ^{[7] [8] [9]} .

In January 2014, Ukrainian ultras - organized groups of fans of football teams - announced their support for Euromaidan , and in February, previously conflicting fans of various teams announced a ceasefire for the joint struggle “against lawlessness, lies and propaganda” ^[10] . In the spring of the same year, ultras became active participants in the struggle against the concept of federalization of Ukraine, which, in their opinion, led to the collapse of the country ^[11] . After the events in Crimea, the ultras organized a series of marches “For United Ukraine!”, And many of them joined volunteer groups created to participate in the armed conflict in Donbass on the side of the Armed Forces ^[12] .

On March 30, also in connection with the events in the Crimea and the conflict in the Donbass , the ultras of Kharkiv Metallist football club and Donetsk Shakhtar first performed the chanting song “Putin is fucking!” ^{[13] [14] [15]} : the history of the chanting dates back to 2010, when Metalist fans used it for the ex-president of Dynamo Kyiv club Grigory Surkis (Surkis - fucking!), who headed the Football Federation of Ukraine in those years ^[16] .

Widely known in the media ^{[3] [17], the} composition, which had become by that time an Internet meme ^[13] , acquired after the speech of Foreign Minister Andrei Deshchitsa on June 14, 2014 at a rally in front of the Russian Embassy in Kiev ^{[15] [18] [19 ] [4] [20]} , and the insulting nickname of Vladimir Putin became known throughout Ukraine ^{[21] [22] [23] [17] [24]} .

A group of researchers who analyzed the dynamics of the mood of users of the VKontakte social network specified that, due to the exceptional importance of the Russian president in the conflict, in the eyes of Euromaidan supporters Putin became the personification of the conflict (and “evil” or “enemy” ^[26] as such): as a result, by September 2014, Putin was more often mentioned by them in an insulting context with words like “fucking up” ^[27] . At the same time, numerous performances ( cover versions ) of the song, posted on YouTube , were often accompanied by a description of “Ukrainian folk song” ^[2] .

The composition begins with a drum roll and includes, in addition to the chanting “Putin (or Surkis) - huilo”, a three-link descending sequence with the syllables “La-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-a-a” ^[23] . The musical part of the song has some similarities with the song “ ”, created by David Hess in 1961 ^[2] .

Translator and philologist Tatyana Bonch-Osmolovskaya described the composition as "popular verbal aggression redirected in response to Russian state aggression." She considered the choral singing of the same obscene phrase, laid on a simple motive, as a form of carnivalization . According to Bonch-Osmolovskaya, “in its simplicity, brevity and repeatability, the use of this message can be comparable with the methods used by pro-Russian media ^[28] , repeating the same emotionally colored terms day after day:“ fascists ”,“ junta ”, "Bandera". In this case, however, the effect is emotionally enhanced by the use of obscene vocabulary , which actualizes the message and transforms it into a “ laughing culture ” described by Bakhtin ” ^[29] - in other words, through ridicule the Russian president turned from something threatening and hateful into something comic ^[13] . Tatyana Silich ^{[k 1]} disagrees with the opinion of Bonch-Osmolovskaya, who believes that a neo-Nazi movement was formed in post-Maidan Ukraine - which was reflected in the new language ^[30] .

Agreeing with the importance of the carnivalization function ^[31] , Oksana Gavrilova ^{[k 2]} specified that the slogan “Putin is fucking bad!” Also performed the functions of “protest, overcoming fear and depreciating reality”: in her opinion, a month after the events in Crimea, negative emotions citizens of Ukraine have reached such a level that only the " cathartic " function of abuse was no longer enough. Referring to Henri Bergson , who regarded laughter as “ anesthesia of the heart,” Gavrilova wrote that verbal aggression in this case was supplemented by a release mechanism through ridicule, which allows us to briefly free ourselves from pain, suffering, fear and sadness ^{[13] [33]} .

During the 2014 election campaign, the Radical Party of Oleg Lyashko used the slogan “Putin - fucking! Rebind the good! ”(From Ukrainian - “ Putin-fucking! The good will win! ”) On their billboards , and the President of Russia was presented as the“ enemy ”of Ukraine ^[4] . In May 2014, the news site "New Region" was hacked and the inscription "PTN CHLO" ^{[34] [35] [17]} was broadcast at its main address. In April 2016, activists of the Vesna movement, who organized a rally in St. Petersburg for the resignation of Vladimir Putin, used the slogan “Putin hello” ^[36] .

In May-June 2014, the deputy of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Vitaliy Chepinoga published a poem on his Facebook page, “on the motive” of the song-slogan: “ Ukrainian. ... Shchob was created, but everything was dreamed up, // Shch nikoli i did not bully Khuyl ... " ^[37] . In January 2015, the Ukrainian deputy Oleg Barna , speaking in Parliament, at the end of his speech stated that “Putin is a bastard,” and urged all those present to repeat this judgment after him ^[38] .

After the appearance of the song-slogan and in connection with the subsequent widespread dissemination of the most obscene (and difficult to translate ^[39] ) term “fucking” in the foreign press ^[4] , Gavrilova, together with Zoryanaya Timnyak ^{[k 3]} , proposed an updated German translation of the term: their opinion, the literal translation of it. Pimmel , used in communication with children and close to Ukrainian. Pisyun should be replaced by a more "intense" German. Arschloch ^[40] .

Oxford researchers John Rosenberg and Maria Terentyeva - who analyzed the activity of the editors of Russian, Ukrainian and English Wikipedia in the framework of the theory of “ attention management ” - found that from June to August 2014 the article “Putin - fucked up!” Was included in the top ten most actively edited in the Ukrainian section ^[41] . Rosenberg and Terentyeva also believed that the use of such a title violated the principle of Wikipedia neutrality ^[42] .

Main

• Bonch-Osmolovskaya T. Combating the Russian State Propaganda Machine: Strategies of Information Resistance : [ eng. ] / gen. ed. Julie Fedor // Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society. - 2015. - Vol. 1, No. 1. - P. 175—218. - ISSN 2364-5334 .
  • Silich T. A. Language as a tool for shaping the worldview: reflections on the work of the linguist S. A. Zhabotinsky and philologist T. B. Bonch-Osmolovskaya // Education. The science. Scientific staff. - 2017. - No. 4 . - S. 222-225 . - ISSN 2073-3305 .
  • Gaufman E. Security Threats and Public Perception: Digital Russia and the Ukraine Crisis . - Springer, 2016 .-- 230 p. - (New Security Challenges). - ISBN 9783319432014 . - ISBN 331943201X .
• Diemer C. Mutterlandpop. Lokale Markierung und Entgrenzung musikalischer. Darbietungen auf ukrainischen Feiertagen // Speaking in Tongues: Pop lokal global / hrsg. Dietrich Helms, Thomas Phleps. - Transcript Verlag, 2015 .-- 219 S. - (Beiträge zur Popularmusikforschung, Vol. 42). - ISBN 9783839432242 . - ISBN 3839432243 .
• Havryliv O. Verbale Aggression: das Spektrum der Funktionen (German) // Linguistik Online / hrsg. Aneta Stojić. - 2017 .-- 25 Aprils ( Bd. 82 , H. 3 ). - S. 27–47 . - ISSN 1615-3014 . - DOI : 10.13092 / lo.82.3713 .

Additional

Books

• Basenko I. The WWI Propaganda Clichés Applied to the Modern Russo-Ukrainian Conflict over the Donbas and Crimea Regions // Multicultural Societies and their Threats / eds. Nazarii Gutsul, Kristina Khrul. - LIT Verlag Münster, 2017 .-- 211 p. - (Osteuropa - Münster in Westfalen, Germany; Vol. 10). - ISBN 9783643908254 . - ISBN 3643908253 .
• Klymenko L. The language of party programs and billboards: The example of the 2014 parliamentary election campaign in Ukraine // The Routledge Handbook of Language and Politics / eds. Ruth Wodak, Bernhard Forchtner. - Routledge, 2017 .-- 716 p. - (Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics). - ISBN 9781138779167 . - ISBN 9781315183718 .
• Knoblock N. Sarcasm and Irony as a Political Weapon // Political Discourse in Emergent, Fragile, and Failed Democracies / eds. Daniel Ochieng Orwenjo, Omondi Oketch, Asiru Hameed Tunde. - IGI Global, 2016 .-- 412 p. - (Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development). - ISBN 9781522500827 .
• Krugliak M. , Krugliak O. The Unlikely Alliance of Ukrainian Football Ultras. Ukrainian ultras during the Revolution of Dignity // Football Fans, Rivalry and Cooperation / eds. Christian Brandt, Fabian Hertel, Sean Huddleston. - Taylor & Francis, 2017 .-- 209 p. - (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society). - ISBN 9781315455204 . - ISBN 9781315455211 .
• Kuzio T. Ukraine: Democratization, Corruption, and the New Russian Imperialism: Democratization, Corruption, and the New Russian Imperialism . - ABC-CLIO, 2015 .-- 641 p. - (Praeger Security International). - ISBN 9781440835032 . - ISBN 1440835039 .
• Molchanov M. Media Uses in Ukraine's War with Itself // Media in Process: Transformation and Democratic Transition / ed. Sai Felicia Krishna-Hensel. - Taylor & Francis , 2016 .-- 184 p. - (Global Interdisciplinary Studies Series). - ISBN 9781317098867 . - ISBN 1317098862 .
• Roozenbeek J. , Terentieva M. Attention Please! Exploring Attention Management on Wikipedia in the Context of the Ukrainian Crisis // Social Informatics. SocInfo 2017 (eng.) / Eds. Giovanni Luca Ciampaglia, Afra Mashhadi, Taha Yasseri. - Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017 .-- P. 169-191. - xxiv, 561 p. - (9th International Conference, SocInfo 2017, Oxford, UK, September 13-15, 2017, Proceedings, Part II; Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10540). - ISBN 9783319672557 . - DOI : 10.1007 / 978-3-319-67256-4_15 .
• Sakwa R. Frontline Ukraine: Crisis in the Borderlands . - IBTauris. - 2014 .-- 220 p. - ISBN 9781784530648 .
• Torbakov I. Ukraine and Russia: entangled histories, contested identities, and a war of narratives // Revolution and War in Contemporary Ukraine: The Challenge of Change / ed. Olga Bertelsen. - Columbia University Press , 2017 .-- 390 p. - (Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Societies, Vol. 161). - ISBN 9783838270166 . - ISBN 3838270169 .
• Wilson A. The “Maidan” after the Maidan // Ukraine Crisis: What It Means for the West. - Yale University Press , 2014 .-- 260 p. - ISBN 9780300212921 . - ISBN 0300212925 .

Articles

• Vinogradov M. With a rough language: Why politicians swear // Top secret : newspaper. - 2014 .-- June 24 ( No. 8/303 ).
• Gavrilіv O. , Timnyak Z. Peculiarities of translation of personal pejoratives (on the example of German and Ukrainian) (Ukrainian) = Special features of the transition of special payorants (to the application of the Ukrainian and Ukrainian movs) // International Philology. Ukrainian science zbіrnik. - 2017. - VIP. 130 . - S. 98-108 . - ISSN 2078-2373 .
• Gromov A. On the Bolshaya Morskaya, a chaotic gathering takes place against Putin // Nevsky News . - 2016. - April 7.
• Denisyuk Zh. Z. Representation of ethnocultural values ​​in the texts of post-folklore (Ukrainian) // News of the National Academic Frameworks of Culture and Mystery: Sciences. magazine. - K .: Milenium, 2018 .-- No. 1 . - S. 62-66 .
• Due to the claims of Roskomnadzor, the "New Region" again had to change the address on the Internet // Regional newspaper / ed. D.P. Polyanin . - Yekaterinburg, 2014 .-- August 4.
• Kovtonyuk N.P.Smislovy concept for carnival as the code for reading the discourse of Maidan (Ukrainian) // New and conceptual pictures of the light / Kyiv National. un-t ім. T. Shevchenko . - 2015. - VIP. 1 (52) . - S. 347-358 . - ISSN 2520-6397 .
• Cat B. Everything that is known about the people's deputy Oleg Barn, who in his car demolished a tram from the rail // Strana.ua . - 2017 .-- June 15.
• “Putin - x * ylo”: The head of Ukrainian diplomacy spoke at the rally // NewsBalt: information and analytical portal. - 2014 .-- June 15.
• Radchenko D. , Arkhipova A. Dill and quilted jacket: “hostility language” of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict as an attack and defense // Ab Imperio. - 2018 .-- May 26 ( issue 1 ). - S. 191-220 . - ISSN 2164-9731 . - DOI : 10.1353 / imp.2018.0007 .
• Chernyuk S.L. [ Ukrainian ] // Intermarum: history, politics, culture. - 2014. - No. 1. - P. 61—77. - ISSN 2518-7708 .
• Dyner AM Same Old Song and Dance? (English) // New Eastern Europe. - 2015. - Vol. Xviii , iss. 5 . - P. 112-118 . - ISSN 2083-7372 .
• Fialkova L. , Yelenevskaia M. The Crisis in Ukraine and the Split of Identity in the Russian-speaking World (English) // Folklorica. - 2016 .-- 14 April ( vol. 19 ). - P. 107, 109 . - ISSN 1920-0242 .
• Goncharova O. , Melkozerova V. War For Minds (Eng.) // Kyiv Post . - 2017 .-- 18 August.
• Luhn A. Donetsk becomes a ghost town as fearful residents flee conflict // The Guardian . - 2014 .-- 6 July.
• Rumshisky A. , Gronas M. , Potash P. , Dubov M. , Romanov A. Combining Network and Language Indicators for Tracking Conflict Intensity (English) // Lecture Notes in Computer Science. - Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017 .-- P. 391-404 . - ISBN 9783319672564 . - DOI : 10.1007 / 978-3-319-67256-4_31 .
• Zherebkina IA The Split of the Nation ( Russian ) // Russian Studies in Philosophy. - 2016. - No. 54 . - P. 185-201 . - ISSN 1558-0431 . - DOI : 10.1080 / 10611967.2016.1251237 .

• Dr. Oksana Havryliv (German) . Universität Wien / Philologisch-Kulturwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Institut für Germanistik . Date of treatment July 2, 2018.
• Verbale Aggression im Handlungsfeld Schule (German) . Der Wissenschaftsfonds (2017). Date of treatment July 2, 2018.