William Alfred Fowler [5] ( born William Alfred Fowler ; August 9, 1911 , Pittsburgh , PA , USA - March 14, 1995 , Pasadena , California , USA ) - American physicist and astrophysicist . 1983 Nobel Laureate in Physics - "for theoretical and experimental research of nuclear reactions that are important for the formation of chemical elements of the universe." Professor of the California Institute of Technology, member of the NAS of the USA and the American Philosophical Society , was awarded the National Science Medal (1974) and other highly prestigious and international awards.
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| Awards and prizes | Guggenheim Fellowship Nobel Prize in Physics ( 1983 ) Henry Norris Russell Award ( 1963 ) Eddington Medal ( 1978 ) US National Science Medal ( 1974 ) Katherine Bruce Medal ( 1979 ) Tom Bonner Prize ( 1970 ) [d] ( 1973 ) Richtmyer Memorial Award ( 1961 ) [d] |
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Biography
After graduating from Ohio State University (bachelor, 1933), he continued his studies at the California Institute of Technology , where he received a Ph.D. in 1936, where he has been an assistant professor since 1939 and a full professor since 1946.
In 1957, an article was published by Hoyle, Fowler, Jeffrey Burbidge and Marguerite Burbidge " " on Star Nucleosynthesis [6] .
In 1983, Fowler received the Nobel Prize in Physics (sharing it with Subramanyan Chandrasekar ) for his theoretical and experimental studies of nuclear reactions that underlie the formation of chemical elements in the Universe .
He signed the " Warning to scientists to humanity " (1992) [7] .
Fello of the American Physical Society since 1946 and its president in 1976.
Member of the NAS of the USA (1956) and the American Philosophical Society (1962), as well as the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1965).
In 2007, an asteroid (12167) Williefowler was named in his honor.
Rewards
- Guggenheim Scholarship (1954, 1961) [8]
- Richtmyer Memorial Award of the American Physics Teachers Association (1961)
- Henry Norris Russell Prize, American Astronomical Society's Most Honored Award (1963)
- Columbia University Barnard Medal (1965)
- T. Bonner Prize of the American Physical Society (1970) [9]
- (1973)
- National Science Medal (1974)
- Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1978)
- Katherine Bruce Medal of the Pacific Astronomical Society (1979)
- Nobel Prize in Physics ( 1983 )
- Lecture by Carl Jansky National Radio Astronomy Observatory (1988)
- Legion of Honor , France (1989)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Fowler - 2011.
- ↑ William Alfred Fowler (1911-1995) - 2011.
- ↑ Fowler // Uland - Khvattsov. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 2017. - P. 211. - ( Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, vol. 33). - ISBN 978-5-85270-370-5 .
- ↑ B2FH paper : Burbidge, E. Margaret; Burbidge, GR; Fowler, William A .; Hoyle, F. (1957). "Synthesis of the Elements in Stars". Reviews of Modern Physics. 29 (4): 547-650. Bibcode: 1957RvMP ... 29..547B. doi: 10.1103 / RevModPhys.29.547
- ↑ World Scientists' Warning To Humanity . stanford.edu (November 18, 1992). Date of treatment June 25, 2019. Archived December 6, 1998.
- ↑ John Simon Guggenheim Foundation. William A. Fowler gf.org. Date of treatment June 26, 2019.
- ↑ Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics . Date of treatment August 5, 2012. Archived August 17, 2012.
Literature
- Kolchinsky I.G., Korsun A.A., Rodriguez M.G. Astronomers: A Biographical Reference. - 2nd ed., Revised. and additional .. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1986. - 512 p.
Links
- W.A. Fowler. "Experimental and theoretical nuclear astrophysics, the search for the origin of elements." Nobel lecture. // Advances in Physical Sciences , Volume 145, Issue 3, March 1985
- Temples Yu. A. Fowler William Alfred (Fowler William Alfred) // Physicists: Biographical reference book / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 272. - 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (in per.)
- Information from the Nobel Committee website