Ordinary catfish-nizhnerot [1] ( lat. Hypostomus plecostomus ) is a species of ray-finned fish from the chain-mail catfish family that lives in South America .
| Common catfish nizhnerot |
In the area of Commevein , Suriname . |
| Scientific classification |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| View: | Common catfish nizhnerot |
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| International scientific name |
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Hypostomus plecostomus ( Linnaeus , 1758 ) |
| Synonyms |
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- Acipenser plecostomus Linnaeus, 1758
- Hypostomus guacari Lacepède, 1803
- Loricaria flava Shaw, 1804
- Plecostomus bicirrosus gronow, 1854
- Plecostomus brasiliensis Bleeker, 1864
- Plecostomus plecostomus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Pterygoplichthys plecostomus (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Content
The total length reaches 50 cm (in the aquarium - up to 30 cm). The head is large, often increasing with age. The eyes are small, set high on the head. There is a membrane on the eyes, similar to the diaphragm of a microscope or a camera, which allows you to control the level of illumination of the eye - during the day it closes almost the entire eye, and gradually opens at night. The body is elongated, covered with 4 rows of bone plates. The lower part and the belly are devoid of plates. The first ray of the dorsal and pectoral fins with sharp spines. The dorsal, pectoral, and caudal fins are well developed. The dorsal fin is high, long (of 1 hard and 7 soft rays). The anal fin consists of 1 hard and 3-5 soft rays. The caudal fin is month-shaped, the lower lobe is longer.
Coloring gray-brown or brown with a greenish tint. The body is covered with a pattern that consists of dark spots and stripes. There are albino and spotty forms. Males are brighter than females.
This is a bottom fish. Shy, in case of fear it is buried in the ground. During the day, hiding under snags or in caves, active at dusk and at night. Considerable time can be spent moving on fins between plants and shelters. It feeds mainly on algal fouling (60%), as well as small crustaceans . They also eat leftover wood , which this fish needs for better digestion.
Life expectancy is 12 years.
Puberty occurs at 3 years. The female lays eggs in various shelters, in particular caves and depressions. The male guards the clutch, and then takes care of the fry. Young grows fast.
It lives in the Amazon basin , as well as the rivers Guyana , Suriname , French Guiana and the island of Trinidad . Cultivated in the ponds of Hong Kong and Singapore .
For maintenance you need a large aquarium from 200 liters. Active at night, compatible with any peace-loving fish that stay in the middle and upper layers of the water. The basis of the diet should be plant foods or their substitutes. Water parameters - temperature 22-26 ° C, pH about 7, hardness up to 20 °.
- ↑ Reshetnikov Yu.S. , Kotlyar A.N. , Russ T.S. , Shatunovsky M.I. Fish. Latin, Russian, English, German, French. / edited by Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- S. 173. - 12,500 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0 .
- Burgess, WE, 1989. An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. TFH Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p.
- Angulo; Garita-Alvarado; Bussing; and López (2013). Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of continental and insular Costa Rica: additions and nomenclatural revisions. Check List 9 (5): 987-1019.
- Weber, Claude; Covain, Raphaël; Fisch-Muller, Sonia. [Guianas % 20colour.pdf Identity of Hypostomus plecostomus (Linnaeus, 1758), with an overview of Hypostomus species from the Guianas (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae)] (eng.) // Cybium: journal. - 2012. - Vol. 36 , no. 1 . - P. 195—227 . (inaccessible link)
- Pound, Katrina L .; Nowlin, Weston H .; Huffman, David G .; Bonner, Timothy H. Trophic ecology of a nonnative population of suckermouth catfish ( Hypostomus plecostomus ) in a central Texas spring-fed stream (Eng.) // Environmental Biology of Fishes: journal. - 2010 .-- 18 November ( vol. 90 , no. 3 ). - P. 277-285 . - DOI : 10.1007 / s10641-010-9741-7 .
