Commander-in-Chief of the Navy of the Russian Federation

The post of commander, as such, appeared only in 1696 with the formation of the regular navy of Peter the Great of Russia by decree of the Boyar Duma . However, long before its occurrence, Russia participated in naval battles and raids ^[1] . In the days of the Old Russian state and significant time of the Russian kingdom, the commander was called the governor, as well as the army commander. One of the famous "naval commanders" was Prophetic Oleg . Under his leadership, the fleet reached the shores of Byzantium , as a result of which the first trade agreement was signed and Byzantium paid tribute .

The first official fleet commander in 1696 was Admiral Franz Lefort ^[2] . He headed the Russian navigation even before the formation of the central command institution - the Admiralty College . Under his leadership, the Azov campaign of Peter I was carried out, where he was appointed to the post. After the creation of the Admiralty College, the name of the post changed. Now the fleet was led by the president, not the commander. The first president of the Admiralty College was Admiral General Fedor Apraskin . He became the first fleet commander in the Russian Empire .

After the ministerial reform of Alexander I in 1802-1811, the Admiralty Board was transformed into the Ministry of the Sea . Then the presidency was first renamed the Minister of the Navy, and in 1815 it became known as the Minister of the Navy. One of the famous ministers was Admiral Alexander Menshikov , who led the fleet during the Crimean War ^[3] . During World War I, the Minister was Admiral Ivan Grigorovich . The post lasted until 1917 and was abolished after the October Revolution .

The interim government of Russia appointed military and naval ministers as a single post. After the outbreak of the Civil War, this post continued to exist in the Russian state . She was occupied by Admiral Alexander Kolchak . After the military reform of the Supreme Ruler of Russia , the post of the Minister of Sea of ​​the Russian Government was formed, which was taken by Rear Admiral Mikhail Smirnov .

On the other hand, the post of People's Commissar for Maritime Affairs, which was held by Pavel Dybenko, was formed in Soviet Russia . After which the position was repeatedly renamed. Since 1939, the post was referred to as the People's Commissar of the Navy of the USSR . She was occupied by Fleet Admiral Nikolai Kuznetsov . He served in this post throughout the Second World War and World War II until 1946. After that, the title of the post changed several times again: the commander in chief of the Navy, the naval minister of the USSR and again the commander in chief of the Navy of the USSR. Nikolai Kuznetsov held each of these posts with short interruptions until 1953. The last in the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Navy of the USSR was Fleet Admiral Vladimir Chernavin .

After the collapse of the USSR , the navy also disintegrated into the former Soviet republics. In post-Soviet Russia , the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy was established. The first in the new post was Felix Gromov .

The following is a list of the heads of the naval departments ( naval ) of the Russian Empire , the Russian Empire , the Russian Republic , the Russian State , the RSFSR , the USSR and the Russian Federation - the heads of the naval departments of the Russian Armed Forces.

The military post in different years was called differently, like the highest body of military command , responsible for the defense of the state on the water. The military ranks of the heads of military departments are presented at the time of leaving their respective posts.

Fleet commanders before the Admiralty College (1696-1717)

• Lefort Franz Yakovlevich , Admiral General (1695-1699)
• Golovin Fedor Alekseevich , Admiral General (1699-1707)
• Apraksin Fedor Matveevich , Admiral General (1707-1717)

Presidents of the Admiralty College (1717-1802)

• Apraksin Fedor Matveevich (December 15, 1717 - November 10, 1728)
• Sivers Peter Ivanovich (ID 1728-1732)
• Golovin Nikolai Fedorovich (March 25, 1733 - July 15, 1745)
• The president's place was occupied by the eldest of those present at the college. The rapporteur on maritime affairs under the Empress was Prince Mikhail Andreevich Beloselsky (1745-1749)
• Golitsyn Mikhail Mikhailovich (April 7, 1750 - April 10, 1762)
• Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich (December 2, 1762 - November 6, 1796)
• Chernyshev, Ivan Grigorievich (ID 1796-1797)
• Golenishchev-Kutuzov Ivan Logginovich (October 23, 1798 - April 12, 1802)

Ministers of the Navy, December 17, 1815 - Sea Ministers (1802-1917)

• Mordvinov Nikolay Semenovich (September 8 - December 28, 1802)
• Chichagov Pavel Vasilievich (December 31, 1802 - November 28, 1811)
• Traverse Ivan Ivanovich (November 28, 1811 - March 24, 1828)
• Moller Anton Vasilievich (March 24, 1828 - February 5, 1836)
• Menshikov Alexander Sergeevich (February 5, 1836 - February 23, 1855)
• Wrangel Ferdinand Petrovich (May 18, 1855 - July 27, 1857)
• Metlin Nikolai Fedorovich (July 27, 1857 - September 18, 1860)
• Krabbe Nikolai Karlovich (September 19, 1860 - January 3, 1876)
• Lesovsky Stepan Stepanovich (January 12, 1876 - June 23, 1880)
• Peshchurov Alexey Alekseevich (June 23, 1880 - January 11, 1882)
• Shestakov Ivan Alekseevich (January 11, 1882 - November 21, 1888)
• Chikhachev Nikolay Matveyevich (November 28, 1888 - July 13, 1896)
• Tyrtov Pavel Petrovich (July 13, 1896 - March 4, 1903)
• Avelan Fedor Karlovich (March 10, 1903 - June 29, 1905)
• Birilev Alexey Alekseevich (June 29, 1905 - January 11, 1907)
• Dikov Ivan Mikhailovich (January 11, 1907 - January 8, 1909)
• Voevodsky Stepan Arkadievich (January 8, 1909 - March 18, 1911)
• Grigorovich Ivan Konstantinovich (March 19, 1911 - February 28, 1917)

War and Sea Ministers of the Provisional Government

• Guchkov Alexander Ivanovich (March 2 - April 30, 1917)
• Kerensky Alexander Fedorovich (May 5 - August 30, 1917)
• Verderevsky Dmitry Nikolaevich (August 30 - October 25, 1917)

Military and Naval Ministers of the All-Russian Provisional Government

• Kolchak Alexander Vasilievich (November 5 - 20, 1918)

Government Ministers of the Sea (1919)

• Smirnov Mikhail Ivanovich (November 20, 1918 - January 4, 1920)

Commanders, chiefs of naval forces of the RSFSR and the USSR

• Dybenko, Pavel Efimovich (October 26, 1917 - March 15, 1918) - People's Commissar for Maritime Affairs
• Ivanov, Modest Vasilievich (November 7, 1917 - January 25, 1918);
• Altfater, Vasily Mikhailovich (April 12, 1918 - January 22, 1919) - commander of the Naval Forces of the Republic;
• Berens, Evgeny Andreevich (April 24, 1919 - February 5, 1920);
• Nemitz, Alexander Vasilievich (February 5, 1920 - November 22, 1921) - commander of the Naval Forces of the Republic;
• Pantserzhansky, Eduard Samuilovich (November 22, 1921 - December 9, 1924) - commander of the Naval Forces of the Republic, Naval Forces of the USSR;
• Zof, Vyacheslav Ivanovich (December 9, 1924 - August 23, 1926) - chief of the Naval Forces of the USSR ("Namorsi");
• Muklevich, Romuald Adamovich (August 23, 1926 - June 11, 1931) - chief of the Naval Forces of the USSR;
• Orlov, Vladimir Mitrofanovich (June 11, 1931 - August 15, 1937) - chief of the Naval Forces of the Red Army, flagship of the 1st rank fleet ;
• Viktorov, Mikhail Vladimirovich (August 15 - December 30, 1937) - chief of the Naval Forces of the Red Army, flagship of the 1st rank fleet;

People's Commissars of the Navy of the USSR

• 1st rank Army Commissar Smirnov, Peter Alexandrovich ( December 30, 1937 - June 30, 1938 )
• The flagship of the fleet of the 2nd rank Smirnov-Svetlovsky, Pyotr Ivanovich (acting June 30 - September 8, 1938 )
• 1st rank commander Frinovsky, Mikhail Petrovich ( September 8, 1938 - March 20, 1939 )
• Fleet Admiral Kuznetsov, Nikolai Gerasimovich ( April 28, 1939 - February 25, 1946 )

Navy Commanders - Deputy. Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR

• Fleet Admiral Kuznetsov, Nikolai Gerasimovich ( 1946 - 1947 )
• Admiral Yumashev, Ivan Stepanovich ( 1947 - 1950 )

USSR naval ministers

• Admiral Yumashev, Ivan Stepanovich ( February 25, 1950 - July 20, 1951 )
• Fleet Admiral Kuznetsov, Nikolai Gerasimovich ( July 20, 1951 - March 15, 1953 )

Navy Commanders - Deputy. USSR Minister of Defense

• Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Kuznetsov, Nikolai Gerasimovich ( 1953 - 1955 )
• Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Gorshkov, Sergey Georgievich (January 5, 1956 - November 29, 1985)
• Fleet Admiral Chernavin, Vladimir Nikolaevich (November 29, 1985 - August 19, 1992) ^[4]

Commanders-in-Chief of the Navy of the Russian Federation

• Fleet Admiral Gromov, Felix Nikolaevich (August 19, 1992 - November 7, 1997)
• Fleet Admiral Kuroedov, Vladimir Ivanovich (November 7, 1997 - September 4, 2005)
• Fleet Admiral Masorin, Vladimir Vasilievich (September 4, 2005 - September 12, 2007)
• Admiral Vysotsky, Vladimir Sergeevich (September 12, 2007 - May 6, 2012)
• Admiral Chirkov, Victor Viktorovich (May 6, 2012 - April 6, 2016)
• Admiral Korolev, Vladimir Ivanovich (April 6, 2016 - May 3, 2019)
• Admiral Evmenov, Nikolay Anatolyevich (from May 3, 2019)

• Army fleet

• V.I. Achkasov, A.V. Basov, N.V. Bolshakov, G.M. Gelfond, R.N. Mordvinov, A.I. Sumin. Appendix 2. Basic information about the fleets, flotillas and the commanding staff of the Navy // Combat Path of the Soviet Navy / Edited by Doctor of Historical Sciences A. V. Basov. - 4th ed., Rev. and additional .. - M .: Military Publishing , 1988 .-- S. 522-533. - 607 p. - 90,000 copies. - ISBN 5–203–00527–3.
• Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 vol.] / Ed. V.F. Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-va I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.