Yarlykin, Alexander Ivanovich

Childhood

A little light in childhood, Alexander Yarlykin, a native of the village of Ezbebi, where he was born on August 26, 1890. A chapel house full of children with two windows, three poles instead of gates, a shed, a cold stable, thin horse and skinny plots of poorly cultivated land - that's all the wealth of his parents, Ivan Fedorovich and Tatiana Kuzminichna. The cows were not there - they did not see any milk, there was not enough bread (some of the plots were hired by strangers). They lived half starving, poorly dressed, often sick. But I had to live, and to some extent, everyone applied force in the household — every child could help the elders somewhere.

Study and life in Kazan

Alexander was lucky: in elementary school he turned out to be among peers the best in academic performance. The school of literacy in his village, Kovalinsky elementary school, Yantikovsky two-class school overcame by fifteen years. In 1905, on foot, he reached Kazan - he passed the exams to the teachers' seminary. They enrolled without a scholarship, and the boy had only 23 kopecks left in his pocket. It is impossible to study, it is a shame to return home. And he stayed in Kazan with a dream someday to start learning. He lived anywhere (on the wharf - while it's warm, in the monastery, in the night shelters, in the compassionate townspeople) and did what he turned up: he worked as a loader, clerk, messenger, chorister in the church choir. There were many such homeless alien tramp in Kazan. Tested and whip Cossack. But life still glimmered, and hope shone somewhere. Alexander Yarlykin went to various short courses - draftsmen, clerks, counting workers. Got books in hand - read with greed. Disconcerting that he could remain under-educated (after all, he gave Kazan for two years), in 1907 he entered the Tsivilsk city 4-grade school. He studied inspired and well, he overcame the whole program in three years! Then an external student passed the exams for teachers in rural schools.

Teaching at the Tebakasin Primary School

From September 1910 to July 1914, Yarlykin was in charge of the Tebikasin elementary school of Tsivilsky district. Teaches not only peasant children, but also adult illiterate peasants. Himself diligently engaged in self-education - reads a lot. Tebikasins valued him for advice in everyday and agricultural affairs, willingly supported his cultural and educational steps, and went to a singing choir organized by him.

Service in the royal army

July 20, 1914 service began A.I Yarlykin in the royal army. Being at the front, he met the February and then the October Revolution. In the unit, he was elected first as secretary of the military committee, then as chairman: they valued the “low ranks” of their commander-officer.

Life after army

Demobilized from the army until January 1918. Soon he began to work as head of the Shorkasin primary school of Tsivilsk district. Participated in the creation and strengthening of Soviet power in the countryside. The people trusted the teacher. In the spring of 1918, at the county congress of Soviets, Alexander Ivanovich Yarlykin was elected a member of the Tsivilsk district executive committee, then appointed commissioner of education. And he began his tireless work on the organization of Soviet public education. Commissioner Yarlykin, disregarding the time, implemented government decisions on the school business. There were not enough teachers and paper for students, there was no money for teachers' salaries. A.I. Yarlykin traveled to Moscow, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod in search of paper, books, school supplies. There was a civil war in the country, the White Guards and the Czechs captured Kazan. But September was approaching - the beginning of a new school year. The situation is difficult: the teachers have not been paid for three months. A. I. Yarlykin makes an unexpected decision for himself - he goes to Sviyazhsk, to the train of Leonid D. Trotsky, chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Soviet Republic, who arrived here after the occupation of Kazan by the whites. Here they report to him: the head of the department of education of Tsivilsky district asks Trotsky for money to pay teachers. He just asked: - For whom are the teachers of the county? For whites or for the Soviets? “Of course, for the Soviets,” was the answer. - Then give the money as much as necessary! - such was the order of Trotsky. In October 1918, an important event occurred in the life of Yarlykin: he was transferred to the Kazan branch of education, he became a member of the collegium of the department and head of the Chuvash section. At the same time he worked as a member of the translation and publishing commission of the department under the People's Commissariat for Nationalities Affairs. And no matter how busy he was, Yarlykin entered to study the history department of the Kazan Pedagogical Institute. It happened, it was not enough sleep, it worked a lot - the strength was spent on the publication of books and textbooks for schools. A. I. Yarlykin also assisted the Chuvash Mobile Theater. And he was published in the newspaper "Kanash". So, in the number 78 for 1919, the poem by Yaruk Sanatri (A. I. Yarlykin) “Spring motives” was published:

Spring Motives

Out of the way, the world is obsolete,

Get out, go!

Now we are the lands of the landlord,

The sun shines on our way!

Template: Literature Burmistrov, V. M. Enlightenment / V. M. Burmistrov // Their names will remain in history. - Cheboksary, 1994. - Vol. 2. - P. 128—133. Burmistrov, V. M. Yarlykin, Alexander Ivanovich / V. M. Burmistrov // Zaitsev, Ya. N. We are Urmarians / Ya. N. Zaitsev. - Cheboksary, 1997. - p. 187-191