Bashkara ( Bash Kara [1] ) - the top of the Central Caucasus , in the upper Adylsu (left bank). It is located on the border with Georgia, between the mountains of Dzhantugan and Ullukara . From the slopes of the peak originates the eponymous glacier on the Russian side and part of the Lehzir (Lekziri) glacier - on the Georgian. Below the glacier, there is a lake of Bashkara of moraine-dam origin 32 m deep [2] .
| Bashkara | |
|---|---|
| Karach.-balk. Bash kara | |
 Bashkara in the form of a crown | |
| Highest point | |
| Absolute height | 4162 m |
| Location | |
| Country |
|
| Regions | Kabardino-Balkaria , Samegrelo-Upper Svaneti |
| Mountain system | Greater Caucasus |
| Ridge or array | The main Caucasian ridge |
The name translates as “black peak ( karach.-balk. Bash kara : bash -“ head ”; kara -“ black ”) [3] .
Lake Bashkara is known for repeated breakthroughs. It was formed in the 30s of the XX century as a result of the melting of the glacier and disastrously lowered its waters (provoking mudflows ) in 1958, 1959 and 1961. Over the past 20 years, the finite moraine wall holding the lake began to collapse and let water through [4] . At the end of August 2017 there was a breakthrough of the lake, as a result of which it was lowered by almost 2/3 [5] . The breakthrough was accompanied by serious damage to the Prokhladny – Baksan – Elbrus highway, in particular, a section of the road near the village of Neutrino was completely destroyed.
Topographic maps
- Map sheet K-38-26-1 .
Notes
- ↑ J. N. Kokov, S.O. Shakhmurzaev . Balkar toponymic dictionary. - Nalchik: Elbrus, 1970 .-- S. 41. - 170 p.
- ↑ M. Ch. Zalikhanov, K.N. Anakhaev, A.N. Nedugov. ABOUT THE SELF-DANGEROUS LAKE OF BASHKAR // Meteorology and hydrology. - 2009. - ISSN 0130-2906 .
- ↑ A.V. Solid . The Caucasus in names, titles, legends. - Krasnodar, 2008 .-- S. 4 .-- 42 p.
- ↑ The level of Lake Bashkara in Kabardino-Balkaria will be artificially lowered , the Caucasian Knot (September 7, 2008). Date of appeal May 23, 2018.
- ↑ Experts specified the consequences of the breakthrough of Lake Bashkara in Kabardino-Balkaria , 2017-09-02 . Date of appeal May 23, 2018.