Nun ( Italian: monica, monaca ; fr. Nonnette ) - an old tune with a text telling about how a young girl was forced to go to the monastery, and about her feelings about this. Written by an unknown author (most likely of French or Italian origin) in the middle of the 16th century, in the second half of the 16th century. and in the XVII century. it is widely spread in a variety of subtexts (secular and spiritual) and in instrumental processes in Italy, France, Germany, the Netherlands, England and other European countries. Now the most famous is the French version of the song, with the excitement of Une jeune fillette ("Young Girl").
Content
- 1 Historical background
- 2 Text
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
- 5 Links
Historical Review
The melody "Nuns", with different texts and in arrangements for different instruments has been repeatedly published in music collections of the XVI-XVII centuries. The French song Une jeune fillette (7 stanzas) was first recorded in the song “Le recueil des plus excellentes chansons” published by Jean Chardavoine in 1576 in Paris (see ill. 1). The Italian song Madre, non mi far monaca for the same tune is first recorded in the manuscript collection “Canzonette e madrigaletti spirituali” compiled by Michele Pario in Parma in 1610 [2] . Both songs are undoubtedly of an earlier origin than their first confidently dated sources with notes and text. Thus, verses by Une jeune fillette (without notes) were published in the Lyon songbook “Recueil de plusieurs chansons divisé en trois parties” 1557 [3] , and the first two lines from Madre, non mi far monaca are quoted in a letter from an Italian girl from an aristocratic family Lavinia della Rover in 1572 [4]
The melody “Nuns” was repeatedly processed by professional composers, for example, J. Frescobaldi wrote the clavier partita ( Partite sopra la Monicha , 1616) and the mass ( Missa sopra l'Aria della monaca ) [5] . From Une jeune fillette in the 17th century a version with the text Une jeune pucelle (“Young Innocence”) branched out, which became a popular basis for organ variations in France at the end of the 17th and 18th centuries [6] . In England, the melody was known under the name “Queen’s Allemanda” ( The Queenes Alman ; this is the name of W. Bird’s clavier piece in the Fitzwilliam Virgin Book ), as well as other names that contain the word Alemand . In German counterfeiters and intubulations, the Nun is known under the headings Deutscher Tanz (German Dance), Ich ging einmal spazieren (“Once I Walked”, as edited by L. Lechner , 1582), and also in the form of Protestant choirs Von Gott will ich nicht lassen (“I will not part with God”; the first known publication is 1572) [7] and Mit Ernst, o Menschenkinder (1597). The popular melody was processed (in different genres) by D. Dowland , J. du Corrois , I.G. Schein , B. Marini , B. Storace , S. Scheidt , G. Schutz , D. Buxtehude and others.
In the 18th century, the regular counterfeiting of The Nuns, now in the form of the epic chorale Das ist des Vaters Wille, der uns erschaffen hat (“Such is the will of the Father who made us”), was included in the cantata (BWV 73) by I. S. Bach . Bach processed the same melody (with other subtexts) in his other compositions [8] .
At the end of the 20th century, melodies (in the version of “Une jeune fillette”) returned the former popularity to J. Saval , including it (in its own edition and arrangement) in the soundtrack of the film “All Morning of the World” .
Text
Note. Below are the first stanzas of the Italian and French versions of the song.
| (original) | (interlinear) |
|---|---|
| Madre non mi far monaca che non mi voglio far; Non mi tagliar la tonaca che non la vuo 'portar. Tutt'il dì in coro al vespre'et alla messa, e la madr'abbadessa non fa se non gridar che posse la crepar [9] . | - Mom, don’t give me nuns, I don’t want this! Do not make me cut my hair because I do not want to wear a cassock! All day in choirs, at Vespers and at Mass, and Mother Superior only does that swears ... so she died! |
| Une jeune fillette De noble coeur, Plaisante et joliette De grand 'valeur, Outre son gré on l'a rendu 'nonnette, Cela point ne luy haicte, Dont vit en grand 'douleur [10] . | Once upon a time there was a young girl with a noble heart sweet, funny and very worthy. Against the will she was sent to nuns. Such a turn did not please her at all, and now she is in great sorrow. |
Notes
- ↑ The transcription ( Frissard C. A propos d'un recueil de "chanson" de Jehan Chardavoine // Revue de Musicologie 27 (1948), p. 75) is based on the second expanded edition of Shardavuan's songbook , published posthumously in 1588. NB! In the 2nd edition, notes on the words on l'a ren ( due ) differ in height from notes on the same words in the 1st edition (cf. digital facsimile in Fig. 1).
- ↑ Wendland J. "Madre non mi far monaca": the biography of a Renaissance folksong // Acta Musicologica 48 (1976), p. 186. The manuscript is stored in Biblioteca Civica Queriniana of Brescia, abbreviated as RISM : I-BRq L.IV.99.
- ↑ Wendland J. , op.cit., P. 195.
- ↑ Wendland J. , op.cit., P. 186.
- ↑ The authorship of Frescobaldi regarding this mass is disputed.
- ↑ For example, in the collection of M. Corrett “Nouevau livre de noëls”. See also Hudson R., Gerbino G., Silbiger A. Monica // The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. L., NY, 2001.
- ↑ For more on this chorale, see the Bach Cantatas portal .
- ↑ For more information on Bach's arrangements for a popular tune, see the Bach Cantatas portal .
- ↑ Compilation of Canzonette e madrigaletti spirituali (Parma, 1610), compiled by Michele Pario (manuscript I-BRq L.IV.99).
- ↑ Compilation of Le recueil des plus belles et excellentes chansons (Paris, 1576), compiled by Jehan Chardavoine.
Literature
- Frissard C. A propos d'un recueil de "chanson" de Jehan Chardavoine // Revue de Musicologie 27 (1948), p. 58-75.
- Wendland J. La monica: the history of a migrating melody. PhD thesis. Duke University, 1974.
- Wendland J. '“Madre non mi far monaca”: the biography of a Renaissance folksong // Acta Musicologica 48 (1976), pp. 185–204.
- Rioux NL Vau de ville, voix de ville and vau de vire. A study in sixteenth century monophonic popular music. PhD diss. West Virginia University, 1979.
- Hudson R., Gerbino G., Silbiger A. Monica // The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. L., NY, 2001.
Links
- Materials B.F. Leman to the study of the history of the song
- Materials for the study of the history of the song on the Bach Cantatas portal
- Une jeune fillette from Shardawawan 's songbook (IMSLP, modern instrumentation)
- Une jeune fillette (audio recording), revised by V. Dyumetra (2000)
- Une jeune fillette (audio recording), revised by J. Saval (1991)
- Madre, non mi far monica (audio recording), Raquel Andueza