Sanchursk

The village is located on the Bolshaya Kokshaga River at the confluence of the tributaries Mamoksha and Melenka in the extreme southwest of the region, 230 km southwest of the regional center of Kirov , 50 km northwest of Yoshkar-Ola and 31 km from the railway station Nuzhialy .

Sanchursk consists of two parts: the main part is located on the right bank of Bolshaya Kokshagi, the Pivzavod microdistrict is located on the left bank of the Mamoksha River. The distance between the two parts is about 2 km, the only connecting road passes through the village of Gorodishche , which is mistaken for a village.

The village (its main part) is bounded by Bolshoi Kokshaga from the north, east and southeast. In the south-west and west, the village adjoins a swamp in the lower reaches of the Udyurm River. Transport communication is carried out through the northwestern part of the village (the highway to Kilemary ) and through the only bridge in the village through Bolshaya Kokshaga (the roads to Yoshkar-Ola and Yaransk ).

The indigenous population of the area are the Mari . In June 1552, Ivan the Terrible began the 3rd campaign against the Kazan Khanate . The Tale of Ivan the Terrible speaks of the fortress of Pearl, founded by the Mari prince Baltaush (Boltush) on the way to Kazan , which was supposed to stop the offensive. Between the army of Ivan the Terrible and Baltaush, a battle broke out in which the Mari army was defeated, and the Russian fortress Tsarevo-Shchemurgrad, later the city of Tsarevosanchursk, was founded on the territory of Pearl. However, the road along which Ivan the Terrible’s army was walking was located lower on the right bank of the Volga , and the legend itself was written much later, in the 18th century .

In 1582 , during the reign of Fyodor Ivanovich (son of Ivan the Terrible), riots took place in the Volga territories of the Tatars , Mari, Udmurts , and Mordovians . The government troops were sent to suppress governor I.M. Yeletsky and I.M. Vorotynsky . The main rebel forces were defeated by 1584 . ^[2] These events gave rise to the legend "On the trail of paths", the events of which are interpreted by some studies as the struggle of Baltaush with Ivan the Terrible. ^[3]

In 1584, Boris Godunov ordered the construction of fortresses Tsivilsk , Urzhum , Tsarevosanchursk, Tsarevoyaransk, Tsarevokokshaysk (now Yoshkar-Ola) and others. The construction of the fortress was led by Prince Grigory Osipovich Zasekin , governor of the large regiment of the fortress. ^[4] A wooden Kremlin was erected for protection. The territories adjacent to the fortress were transferred to the Russian landlords, governors, merchants and were settled by serfs from neighboring regions and central provinces. Tsarevosanchursk became the center of the county.

At the beginning of the XVII century , a wave of peasant uprisings swept through the Volga region, caused by difficult living conditions. Power in the city was captured by the rebellious peasants. Subsequently, the unrest was suppressed. In 1708, during the first administrative reform of Peter I, Tsarevosanchursky Uyezd was assigned to the Kazan province . In 1780, the county entered the emerging Vyatka governorate . On May 28, 1781, Empress Catherine II approved the emblem of Tsarevosanchursk. In 1794, a major fire broke out in the city, as a result of which most of the wooden buildings, including the Kremlin, burned down. In 1796, a reform of the formation of new states of the cities took place: Tsarevosanchursk, which did not have time to rebuild after the fire, was enlisted as a contingent city in the Vyatka province , and the lands of its county were transferred to the Yaran district .

On November 5, 1923, the Vyatka Provincial Executive Committee Tsarevosanchursk was renamed Sanchursk and reorganized into a village . In 1929, it became the center of the Sanchur district. In 1944 it was transformed into an urban-type settlement.

Key dates

• 1584 - on the site of the Mari settlement, Russian soldiers built the fortified city of Tsarevosanchursk.
• 1761 - the Tikhvin Church was built.
• 1861 - the first parish school in the city was opened at the Vladimir Church, and in 1963 classes began at the male school.
• 1868 - the entrepreneur V.F. Bulygin built the first industrial enterprises: an oil mill and a distillery.
• 1906 - a peasant riot took place in Tsarevosanchursk. The police station and the apartments of the Zemstvo commanders were destroyed.
• January 19, 1918 - the power of the Soviets was proclaimed in the city.
• 1924 - Tsarevosanchursk was renamed Sanchursk and transformed into a village. Since 1929, it is the center of the district of the same name.
• 1933 - 1934 - the building of the district hospital was erected by the method of public construction.
• 1941 - 1945 - Over 14 thousand people went to the front from Sanchursk and the region. Seven compatriots awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1944 - the village is transformed into a working village.
• 1967 - The National Museum of Local Lore was opened.
• 1989 - Sanchursk is connected by an asphalt road to the regional center. A reinforced concrete bridge over Bolshaya Kokshaga was built.
• 2006 - Sanchursky urban settlement was established .

The name Sanchursk goes back to the name of the ancient Mari fortress of Santsara (Shanchara), located near the lake of the same name and on the site of which there is a village.

According to another version, the name comes from the Chuvash Sanchur ( San is yours, Chur is a servant, a vassal). The local Mari prince swore allegiance to the tsar of Volga Bulgaria “I am your servant - sanchur”, which subsequently transformed into Sanchurin, and then to Sanchursk ^[5] .

The Mari population of the area belongs to the ethnographic group of the northwest , which occupies a middle position between the mountain and meadow Mari in language and culture.

Industry

• Sanchurian creamery (butter, condensed milk).
• Enterprise "Bread" (bakery products).

Agriculture

• Agricultural enterprise "Pravda" (milk, bread).
• Agricultural enterprise "Flex Market" (flax, flax fiber).
• Agricultural enterprise "Dawn" (milk, meat, grain, hay and other products).

There are four mobile operators in Sanchursk: MTS , Beeline MegaFon and Tele2 . Also in the area there is an Eline GSM (now Tele2) connection from the base station installed in Kibeev, Kilemar district of Mari El . 3G Internet service is provided by MegaFon and MTS operators.

Internet and local telephone services are provided by Rostelecom OJSC.

In Sanchursk you can listen to the following radio stations:

• Pulse radio ( Yoshkar-Ola ) - 103.8 FM,
• Europe Plus ( Yoshkar-Ola ) - 104.5 FM, 69.38 VHF,
• Blitz FM ( Yoshkar-Ola ) - 105.5 FM,
• Maria FM ( Kirov ) - 102.1 FM.

• Sanchurian History Museum.
• Vladimir Church.

^[20] :

• Arseniy Iosifovich Prokhorov - Honored Doctor of the RSFSR ,
• Dmitry Iosifovich Kolchanov - landscaper of Sanchursk,
• Nikolai Vasilievich Kolesnikov - Honored Teacher of the RSFSR ,
• Faina Romanovna Stolyarova - poetess, head of the letters department of the editorial board of the newspaper “Sanchursky Vestnik”,
• Vladimir Stepanovich Perepelkin - prosecutor,
• Dmitry Alexandrovich Naumov,
• Vasily Andreevich Smirnov,
• Anatoly Stepanovich Smirnov,
• Claudia Ivanovna Dolganova,
• Zoya Nikolaevna Prokhorova,
• Gennady Petrovich Rybakov,
• Theoktist Ivanovich Subbotin.
• Agrippina Antonovna Shamakova
• Kropinov Evgeny Valerevich

• Naumov D.A. Sanchursk. // Encyclopedia of the land of Vyatka / rev. A. Zorin. - GIPP "Vyatka", 1994. - T. 1: Cities. - 448 p. - 30,000 copies. - ISBN 5-86645-004-6 .
• Tsarevosanchursk // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.

• terrus.ru - Russia database
• Postal Codes of the Kirov Region
• Okato
• Sanchur city settlement on the district website
• Sanchursk on the website of the Government of the Kirov region
• Unofficial site about Sanchursk and Sanchursky district