Hypoptopoma (lat.) Is a genus of ray-finned fish from the chain-mail catfish family that lives in South America [1] .
| Hypoptopoma |
Hypoptopoma inexspectatum |
| Scientific classification |
|---|
| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Subfamily : | Hypoptopomatinae |
|
| International scientific name |
|---|
Hypoptopoma GΓΌnther , 1868 |
|
Content
The total length of representatives of this genus ranges from 2.9 to 10.5 cm. The whole body is covered with bone plates. The head is very flattened, resembles a shovel. The eyes are quite large, located on the sides of the head. The mouth is a kind of suction cup. Behind the head there are wide plates. The body is elongated, the caudal stem narrows towards the end. The skeleton consists of 26-29 vertebrae. The dorsal fin is rather large, tall, some species have one hard ray. The pectoral fins are long and moderately wide. The ventral fins are slightly smaller than the anal. Caudal fin truncated with notch or incision.
Coloring is gray or brown with various shades. Small light specks or wide transverse stripes of a darker color are scattered over the main background [2] .
These are bottom fish . They are found in sedge thickets, which grows along the banks of calm, muddy rivers. Most of the time, these catfish "hang" on the leaves, branches or stems of plants. They feed on soft algae , which are absorbed by the mouth [3] .
Females lay light-green caviar with a diameter of 1 mm on stones. Males take care of caviar. After 3 days, fry 3 mm long appear, and after a day they become independent and can swim [2] .
They live in the basins of the Parana , Paraguay , Orinoco , Madeira and Amazonian rivers in Brazil , Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia and Argentina [4] .
As of April 2018, the genus includes 15 species [1] :
- Hypoptopoma baileyi Aquino & Schaefer, 2010
- Hypoptopoma bianale Aquino & Schaefer, 2010
- Hypoptopoma brevirostratum Aquino & Schaefer, 2010
- Hypoptopoma elongatum Aquino & Schaefer, 2010
- Hypoptopoma guianense boeseman, 1974
- Hypoptopoma gulare Cope, 1878
- Hypoptopoma incognitum Aquino & Schaefer, 2010
- Hypoptopoma inexspectatum (Holmberg, 1893)
- Hypoptopoma machadoi Aquino & Schaefer, 2010
- Hypoptopoma muzuspi Aquino & Schaefer, 2010
- Hypoptopoma psilogaster Fowler, 1915
- Hypoptopoma spectabile (Eigenmann, 1914)
- Hypoptopoma steindachneri Boulenger, 1895
- Hypoptopoma sternoptychum (Schaefer, 1996)
- Hypoptopoma thoracatum GΓΌnther, 1868
- β 1 2 Hypoptopoma in the FishBase database.
- β 1 2 Hans-Georg Evers, Ingo Seidel: Catfish Atlas: Volume 1 . Mergus Verlag, 2005, ISBN 978-3882440645
- β Wendenburg, H. (1997): Trommelfell-Welse. Auf der Suche nach Otocinclus im Departement Ucavali, Peru . das Aquarium (11): 22-26.
- β Aquino, Adriana E .; Miquelarena, Amalia M. Redescription of Hypoptopoma inexspectata (Holmberg, 1883), with Notes on its Anatomy (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) (English) // PHYSIS (Buenos Aires), Secc. B: journal. - 2001. - Vol. 58 , no. 134-135 . - P. 1-18 . Archived March 3, 2016.
