Black water-cutter [1] ( lat. Rynchops niger ) is a species of bird from the gull family, one of three in the genus of water-cutters [2] . Originally described by Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his " System of Nature " [3] . The species is practically not at risk of extinction [4] .
| Black water cutter | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rynchops niger Linnaeus , 1758 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Security status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Distribution
Reproduction occurs in the Americas . Northern populations of black watershed winters in the Caribbean and on the tropical or subtropical Pacific coast. South American groups make only small migrations.
Description
This is the largest type of water cutter. Body length 40-50 cm, wingspan - from 107 to 127 cm [5] . Males are larger than females. The base of the beak is red, the rest is mostly black. The lower part of the beak is longer than the upper. The legs are red. A barking scream sounds like how-how-how .
Eating Behavior
They feed on small fish, insects, crustaceans and mollusks [6] .
Reproduction
In clutch there are 3–7 eggs that are incubated by both male and female. Parents feed the chicks almost only during the day, although at night sometimes almost the entire colony of water cutters flies away in search of food.
Development
Chick and egg
Chick feeding
Four week old chicks. Color differs from adult bird
Adult in winter outfit
Classification
As of March 2018, there are 3 subspecies that inhabit the territory [2] :
- Rynchops niger cinerascens von Spix, 1825 - from northern South America to southern Bolivia and northwest Argentina
- Rynchops niger intercedens H. Saunders, 1895 - east of Brazil , Paraguay , Uruguay and northeast of Argentina
- Rynchops niger niger Linnaeus, 1758 - USA and Mexico
Notes
- ↑ Boehme R. L. , Flint V. E. The Bilingual Dictionary of Animal Names. Birds. Latin, Russian, English, German, French / Ed. ed. Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. lang., "RUSSO", 1994. - S. 93. - 2030 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00643-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 Coursers, noddies, gulls, terns, auks, sandgrouse : [ eng. ] / F. Gill & D. Donsker (Eds). // IOC World Bird List (v 8.1). - 2018 .-- DOI : 10.14344 / IOC.ML.8.1 . (Retrieved April 23, 2018) .
- ↑ Linnaeus, Carl. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis : [ lat. ] . - 10th. - Holmiae: Laurentii Salvii, 1758. - Vol. Volume 1. - P. 138.
- ↑ Rynchops niger . The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .
- ↑ All about Birds Black Skimmer . The Cornell Lab of Ornithology . Date of treatment April 22, 2018.
- ↑ Mariano-Jelicich R., Favero M., Silva MP Fish Prey of the Black Skimmer Rynchops niger at Mar Chiquita, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina // Marine Ornithology . - 2003. - Vol. 31, no. 2 . - P. 199-1202.