Frank Alward Perret ( eng. Frank Alvord Perret ; 1867, Philadelphia - January 12, 1943, New York ) - American entrepreneur , inventor and volcanologist [3] . Since 1906, known as one of the first researchers (modern stationary methods) of volcanoes: Vesuvius , Kilauea and Montagne Pele , the best expert on volcanic eruptions in the 1940s [4] .
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Content
Biography
He studied physics at the Polytechnic Institute of New York University .
Electronics
He worked in the laboratory of Thomas Edison in the Lower East Side , where he was engaged in the development of engines and participated in the development of dynamos .
In 1886, he founded the production company Electron (together with John A. Barrett, who soon left the company) to develop and manufacture electronic devices:
- electric battery
- Electromotive theory and its counter (CEMF)
- electric motor Perret ( DC ).
In 1889, expanded production at new factories in Springfield (Massachusetts) .
Due to continuing health problems, he left his company in 1904.
Volcanology
In 1900 he went to Italy for treatment, where he met with Rafael Matteuchi (1862-1909), director of the Volcanological Observatory on the Vesuvius Volcano, and became interested in volcanology .
In 1906, he was an assistant Matteouchi in the study of the eruption of Vesuvius, and made a vivid and most complete report on its eruption.
Until 1910, he managed to explore the volcanoes of Kilauea , Stromboli , Etna , Teide and Sakurajima.
In 1909, he was one of the initiators of the creation of the Volcano Observatory on the Kilauea Volcano, together with Thomas Jagar of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Reginald Daly of Harvard University .
In 1911, a shelter was built on the edge of the Halemaumau crater , which the following year was transformed into the Hawaiian Volcanic Observatory , where, in January 1912, Perret began his exploration of Kilauea. Developed new methods for studying the volcano, measuring the temperature of the lava, volcanic tremor and other records of volcanic activity.
In the years 1929-1932, he studied the devastating eruption of Montagne-Pele on the island of Martinique . In total, he spent on the island for about ten years. The local museum of volcanology is named after him.
In 1931-1943 he worked as a full-time researcher at the Carnegie Institute .
In 1940, he finally returned to the United States and wrote several books that were published after his death.
He died at the age of 76 years [5] .
Main publications
- 1912
- Perret FA Volcanic observations at Kilauea inaugurated. // Hawaiian Annual for 1912, pp. 164-175, 1911.
- 1913
- Perret FA Some Kilauean formations // American Journal Science. 1913. Ser. 4. Vol. 36. P. 151-159.
- Perret FA The lava fountains of Kilauea // American Journal of Science. 1913. - № 4. - P. 139-148.
- Perret FA The circulatory system in the summer of 1911 // American Journal of Science. 1913. - № 4. - 1913. - P. 337-349.
- Perret FA Volcanic research at Kilauea in the summer of 1911; with a report by Dr. “Old Faithful” // American Journal Science. - 1913. Ser. - 4. - Vol. 36. - p. 477-488.
- 1924
- Perret FA The Vesuvius Eruption of 1906: Study of a Volcanic Cycle . 1924. 151 p., (Carnegie Institute of Washington: Publication No. 339).
- 1935
- Perret FA The Eruption of Mount Pelee 1929-1932. - Washington: CI, 1935. (Carnegie Institution of Washington; Publication 458)
- 1937
- Perret FA // Natural History. - 1937. - № 2. - P. 99-105.
- 1950
- Perret FA Volcanological Observations. - Washington: CI, 1950. (Carnegie Institution of Washington; Publication 549).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Swartz A. Open Library - 2005.
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Perret, Frank Alvord // New International Encyclopedia . - 1918. - Vol. 18. - p. 364.
- ↑ Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. - 1946. - № 6. - p. 39.
- Per Franklin Perret (Carnegie Institution for Science). Accessed on 28 February 2010
Links
- Frank A. Perret - Carnegie Institution.