“The Book of Genesis of the Graph of Don Predra Afonsu de Barselous ” ( port. Livro de linhagens do Conde D. Pedro Afonso de Barcelos ) also known as the “Rhodolpheus of the Count of Don Predru ” ( port. Nobiliário do conde D. Pedro ) of the graph of the don Predru ( port. Nobiliário do conde D. Pedro ) “Azhuda Rhodoler” ( port. Nobiliário da Ajuda ) is a genealogy work written in Galician-Portuguese under Pedro Afonso, Count de Barcelos between 1340 and 1344 . The name "The genealogy of Count Don Pedro" was obtained in the 16th century, and the "Genealogical of Ajuda" - since 1832, at the place of storage in Ajuda palace . This work, known under various names, is also considered a historiographic and literary source. It includes the origins of noble families of the kingdoms of Castile , Galicia , Leon , Portugal , that is, the genealogy of all dynastic surnames of the Iberian Peninsula , originating from the Visigoths . The original manuscript is unknown. The work of Pedro Afonso has been preserved in the later editions of the expanded lists and is one of the three main sources for the subsequent genealogical books of the Iberian Peninsula.
Content
Three books of genealogies
“The book of the pedigrees of Count Don Pedro” is among the three most ancient sources on the history of the Iberian clans, compiled in different time periods between the XIII and XIV centuries . The original of the first of them, the “Ancient book of genealogies” ( Livro Velho de Linhagens ), was compiled in the 13th century, but did not survive, undergoing two phases of additions, the first of which occurred in the 1270s simultaneously with the creation of the “First Portuguese Chronicle” ( Primeira Crónica Portuguesa ), and the second began after 1282 [1] . Two other major genealogical sources were compiled in the second quarter of the 14th century. The “Book of Dean” ( Livro do Deão ) dates from 1343, but the pedigree data cited in it point to the creation period of 1337–1340 [1] . Luís Filipe Lindley Sintra ( Luís Filipe Lindley Cintra ) concluded that the editors of the “Book of Pedigrees of Don Pedro” was completed before the “ General Chronicles of Spain of 1344 ” [2 ] appeared , but it was in the years 1340-1344 [3] . was lost [1] .
Labor Count de Barcelos
After in 1832 the manuscript was transferred to storage at the Ajud Palace [4] , it became known as the "Genealogical Ajuda". Along with this, the researchers also use the above names. The most ancient manuscript of the book of the genealogies of the Count de Barcelos makes up the first part of the Ajud Codex and occupies its first 39 folios [5] . In the second part of the code, the earlier manuscript of the Song of Ajud is presented, starting with 41 pages, and such a strange order of composing resulted in surprise of Lord Charles Stewart, Baron de Rotsey in 1823 [6] .
The “Pedigree Book of Count Don Pedro” contains more ancient fragments than the other two genealogy sources created before it, since they were more extensively processed and updated. But after the end of the compilation, even during the life of Count de Barcelos, his work began to be supplemented by new data. So “Prologue” could be added after February 28, 1348, that is, the date of the proclamation of El ordenamiento de leyes que d. Alfonso XI hizo en las Cortes de Alcalá de Henares el año de 1348 by the Castilian king Alfonso XI [7] , but this law could not be a source in the compilation of the basic text of the work [8] . In the prologue, the narration is conducted in the first person: “<...> I, Count Don Pedro, son of the noble King Dinis” [9] - explaining the idea of creating the book “establishing love and friendship among all the noble feudal lords of Spain” [10] , where implies not the currently well-known name of the country, but the entire Iberian Peninsula, including Lusitania (Portugal). The Comte de Barcelos advocates for the friendship of the poor and the rich, opposes the loss of the legal autonomy of the nobility, declared in Ordenamiento de Alcalá [11] . In addition to the New Testament and the works of Aristotle, the sources in the work were the legislative documents of Castile: Fuero Real [12] , Partida IV and Partida VII from Siete Partidas Alfonso X the Wise , Ordenamiento de Nájera [12] .
Modern researchers are trying to identify the latest stratifications of texts. In 2006, the publication of the most ancient fragment of the original work of the Comte de Barcelos, the manuscript of the "Pedigree of Ajuda" [13] . This source experienced two significant versions of the text: the first was held in 1360–1365 for updating the pedigrees, the second was held in 1380–1383, and was of a “literary” character [3] .
The genealogical books of the Middle Ages are characterized by a hybrid text. when, along with the actual descriptions of genealogies, there are excerpts of a narrative character akin to legends and myths. Therefore, on the one hand, these texts are valuable to the medievalists from the point of view of genealogy and historiography (surnames, titles, kinship, marriages and inheritance; references to the possessions of a strengthened nobility in opposing the power of the Pyrenean monarchs, in particular, after the death of Dinis I ), on the other the particular style of the “literary texts” contained in the book is important for literary critics, and on the third, the source is of great interest to philologists in studying the history of the so-called Galician-Portuguese language, from which, as is customary with itat occurred Galician and Portuguese languages. Sections XI and XXI contain the genealogical legends “ Dama Kozya Leg ”, “About Gaia” ( De Gaia ), “King Ramir” ( Rei Ramiro ) and the episode about the Battle of Salado [14] . The placement of the last episode in the body of labor gave grounds for assumptions about the participation of the Comte de Barcelos in that battle.
No solid study on the genealogy of the Iberian Peninsula could do without references to the "Book of the Pedigrees of Count Don Pedro". A. K. de Soza , author of the fundamental 12-volume study “The genealogical history of the Portuguese royal house” ( História Genealógica da Casa Real Portuguesa , 1735—1748), spoke very positively about the “Book of Genealogies,” devoted more than 10 pages of his work to describing its thoroughness. and the history of the editorial board, mentioned the extreme modesty of the Count de Barcelos when compiling the book [15] .
Manuscripts
- Conde D. Pedro Afonso de Barcelos. Nobiliário do conde D. Pedro (port.) . Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo . DGARQ - Direcção-Geral de Arquivos. The appeal date is April 8, 2018.
Editions
- Brocardo, Maria Teresa. Livro de Linhagens do Conde D. Pedro. Edição do fragmento manuscrito da Biblioteca da Ajuda (século XIV) / Edição de Teresa Brocardo. - ed. 1ª. - Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional - Casa da Moeda, 2006. - 150 p. - ISBN 972-27-1466-X . (port.)
- Livro de Linhagens do conde D. Pedro // Livros velhos de linhagens: [ port. ] : in 2 vol. / Edíção crítica por Joseph Piel e José Mattoso. - Lisboa: Academia de Ciências de Lisboa, 1980. - Vol. 1. - 397 p. - (Portugaliae monumenta historica, Nova Série).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Ferreira, 2012 , p. 94.
- ↑ Ferreira, 2012 , p. 111–112.
- ↑ 1 2 Brocardo, 2006 , Introdução, p. 9.
- ↑ Vasconcelos, 1904 , Capítulo II. § 100, p. 100.
- ↑ Vasconcelos, 1904 , Capítulo III. § 122, p. 135.
- ↑ Vasconcelos, 1904 , Capítulo I. § 8, p. 6
- ↑ Ferreira, 2012 , p. 116.
- ↑ Ferreira, 2012 , p. 112
- ↑ Ferreira, 2012 , Anexo. Prologo, p. 121: "eu, conde dom pedro, filho do mui nobre rei dom Denis."
- ↑ Ferreira, 2012 , Anexo. Prologo, p. 121: “por gaanhar o seu amor e por meter amor e amizade ant no os fresgidal da Espanha”.
- ↑ Ferreira, 2012 , p. 121.
- ↑ 1 2 Ferreira, 2012 , p. 109.
- ↑ Brocardo, 2006 .
- ↑ Ferreira, 2012 , p. 96
- ↑ Sousa, 1735 , p. 267-280.
Literature
- Ferreira, Maria do Rosário. Amor e amizade antre os nobres fidalgos da Espanha: Apontamentos sobre o prólogo do Livro de Linhagens do Conde D. Pedro (eng.) // Cahiers d'études hispaniques médiévales. - 2012. - Iss. No. 35 - P. 93-122 . - DOI : 10.3406 / cehm.2012.2276 .
- Sousa, António Caetano de . Livro II. Capítulo I. DelRey D. Diniz // História Genealógica da Casa Real Portuguesa : [ port. ] : in 12 vol. . - 1.ª edição. - Lisboa Occidental: Officina de Joseph Antonio da Sylva, 1735. - Vol. 1. - P. 254-280. - CCXXXII, 460 p.
- Vasconcelos, Carolina Michaëlis de . Cancioneiro da Ajuda. Edição crítica e comentada . - Halle a. S : Max Niemeyer, 1904. - Vol. 2. - 1001 p.