Chumbylat ( Mar. Kuryk Kugyza, Kugu eҥ, Poro Lemdetur Kuryk Kugyza, Polemdruk Kugyza ) is the legendary Mari prince who lived in the XII century and entered the Mari mythology , “the king of the Northern Mari”. Proper name, from Turk. “Plague”, husband + “damask steel”, “steel of special strength”. He had a princely residence in Kukarka ( meadow meadow. Kukarka , now the city of Sovetsk ), where she was moved from Kakshar ( north-western Mar. Kӓkshur , now the city of Kotelnich ) after his capture in 1181 by Novgorod's ushkuniki . Subsequently, Chumbylat led the attack on the fortified centers of the Ushkuiniks Kotelnich and Khlynov (now Kirov ), as a result of which they were wiped off the face of the earth. On this occasion, Orthodox churches held worship services twice a year for a long time. Chumbylat lived a long life. Before his death, he bequeathed to bury him on a mountain top on the banks of the Nemda River .
| Chumbylat | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | 12th century |
| Date of death | 12th century |
| Occupation | the prince |
According to legend, he bequeathed to his people in case of great disaster to come to his grave and ask for help. And, according to popular rumor, he helped people in difficult times. But once a scoundrel was found among them, who decided to check whether Chumbylat would rise from the grave. The prince was offended by the unbeliever and did not get up to help anymore. Despite this, the people continued to go up the mountain to pray Osh Poro Kugu Yumo and Chumbylatu, who later became known in prayers as Kugu Kuryk Kugyza (King of the Big Mountain). The Mari believed that Chumbylat helps the Mari to pray, brings their prayers to the supreme god.
Tradition
According to legend, he united the Mari, built cities, developed crafts and arts. It was accepted by the rulers of the East. Under him, a tradition of worship of the Mari faith , sacrifice, a legendary holy Mari religion.
Cult
His grave is Mount Chumbylat - the most revered Mari shrine. The divine embodiment of Chumbylat is the god Kugurak . The name Chumbylat is known to all Mari, including the eastern . His veneration has ancient, nationwide roots. Large prayers on Mount Chumbylat resumed in 1993 .
Literature
- Mari folklore. Myths, legends, traditions. Aktsorin V.A. Yoshkar-Ola, 1991.
- Mari mythology, Toydybekova L.S. Yoshkar-Ola, 2007.
- Chumbylat (Chumblat) // Encyclopedia of the Republic of Mari El / Otv. ed. N. I. Saraeva. - Yoshkar-Ola, 2009 .-- S. 818. - 872 p. - 3505 copies. - ISBN 978-5-94950-049-1 .
- Svechnikov S.V. V.A. Mochaev. - 2nd ed. - Yoshkar-Ola : Mari Biographical Center, 2017 .-- S. 487. - 606 p. - 1,500 copies - ISBN 978-5-905314-35-3 .