The Archangel Gabriel or Gabriel is a sailing battleship of the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Empire , one of the ships of the Glory of Russia type. He was in the fleet from 1749 to 1763, took part in the Seven Years War , including the blockade of the Zund Strait and the siege of Kolberg , and at the end of the service was dismantled.
| Archangel Gabriel | |
|---|---|
| Archangel Gavrіil | |
 The ship "Eustache Plakida", one of a series of ships of the type "Glory to Russia", on the Russian mark 1996 | |
| Service | |
 Russia | |
| Class and type of vessel | Sailing ship of the line |
| Type of sailing weapon | three mast ship |
| Organization | Baltic Fleet |
| Manufacturer | Solombala Shipyard |
| Ship master | P. G. Kachalov |
| Construction started | August 23 ( September 3 ) 1748 |
| Launched | July 13 ( 24 ), 1749 |
| Withdrawn from the fleet | disassembled in 1763 |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 1200 t |
| Length between perpendiculars | 46.5—47.4 m |
| Midship Width | 12.3-12.65 m |
| Draft | 5,4-5,48 m |
| Mover | sail |
| Speed | 8 knots |
| Crew | 600 |
| Armament | |
| Total number of guns | 66 |
Content
Ship Description
Representative of a series of sailing two-deck ships of the line “Glory to Russia”. This series of ships was the largest and one of the most successful series of battleships of the Russian Imperial Navy . The ships of the series were built from 1733 to 1774 at the shipyards of St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk and took part in all sailings and military operations of the Russian fleet from 1734 to 1790. In total, 58 battleships were built as part of the series [comm. 1] . All ships of this series possessed high seaworthiness, good maneuverability and stability [1] .
The displacement of the ship was 1200 tons, the length according to various sources from 46.5 to 47.4 meters [comm. 2] , width from 12.3 to 12.65 meters [comm. 3] , and the draft from 5.4 to 5.48 [comm. 4] meters. The armament of the vessel was 66 guns, including twenty-four, twelve and six pound guns, and the crew consisted of 600 people. The speed of the vessel with a fresh wind could reach eight knots [2] [3] [4] .
Service History
The battleship Archangel Gabriel was laid down at the Solombala Shipyard on August 23 ( September 3 ), 1748 and, after launching on July 13 ( 24 ), 1749 , became part of the Baltic Fleet of Russia . The construction was carried out by a ship master of major rank P. G. Kachalov [5] [4] [6] [7] .
From July to August 1750 he made the transition from Arkhangelsk to Kronstadt , in the next 1851 as part of a squadron of ships of the Baltic Fleet he took part in a practical voyage in the Gulf of Finland . From 1752 to 1756 he did not go to sea, during the entire time of the campaigns of these years he was in Kronstadt [5] [4] .
He took part in the Seven Years' War of 1756-1763. In the campaign of 1757 on May 1 (12) he led the detachment [comm. 5] , sent to assist troops from Kronstadt to Memel . On May 9 (20), the ships of the detachment fell into a strong storm, during which the bulwark on the tank was broken at the Archangel Gabriel and a leak opened in the hold . Despite the damage received, the ship went to the aid of the Donder bombardment ship in distress, but when it hit a submarine bank, it in turn damaged the tiller and steering wheel . At the end of the storm, the crew tried to repair the damage on their own, without stopping the movement along the established route. On May 21 ( June 1 ), the ship approached Libava , however, due to the fact that it was not possible to completely eliminate the leak, May 24 ( June 4 ) was forced to go to Reval for repairs. Upon completion of the repair, he left Revel and headed for Danzig , where he arrived on July 18 (29) and joined the rest of the fleet. From August 8 (18), he was part of the squadron of Admiral V. A. Myatlev , which was cruising off the coast of Prussia , but due to a newly opened leak on August 14 (25), he was forced to leave the squadron and leave from Pillau for repairs to Kronstadt [ 8] [9] .
In the campaign of 1758, on July 2 (13), he left Kronstadt for cruising, and on July 9 (20) near Copenhagen he joined the combined Russian-Swedish fleet, which, until August 28 ( September 8 ), took part in the blockade of the Zund Strait. The blockade was carried out with the aim of preventing the English fleet from entering the Baltic Sea. On September 30 ( October 11 ), the ship returned to Kronstadt. The next 1759 campaign was part of a squadron that transported Russian troops from Kronstadt to Danzig from July to September [10] [11] .
During the campaigns of 1760 and 1761 he took part in the actions of the Russian troops and navy near Kolberg . From July 25 ( August 5 ) to August 15 (25), 1760 he moved from Kronstadt to Kolberg as part of the squadron transporting Russian troops and, after landing, joined the naval blockade of the fortress. From September 10 (21) to September 28 ( October 9 ) he took part in transporting troops back from Kohlberg to Kronstadt, while the galliot with the troops towed all the way. On June 13 ( 24 ), 1761 , he left Kronstadt in the direction of Kohlberg, on July 19 (30) at Cape Rügenwalde he took part in the cover of the Russian landings operation, and on August 13 (24) he went up to Kolberg and joined his naval blockade. On September 10 (21), due to injuries sustained during the storm, he was forced to leave the squadron and leave for Kronstadt [10] .
At the end of the service in 1763, the ship "Archangel Gabriel" was dismantled in Kronstadt [4] [10] [12] .
Ship Commanders
At different times, the commanders of the battleship Archangel Gabriel were [10] :
- 2nd-rank captain D. L. Ovtsyn (1750) [13] ;
- lieutenant colonelR. Naning (1751) [14] ;
- lieutenant commander L. Boltin (1752) [15] ;
- lieutenant commander A. Valrond (1753) [16] ;
- 2nd rank captain N. I. Lyapunov (until August 1757) [17] ;
- 3rd rank captain D.I. Wilison (since August 1757) [comm. 6] [18] ;
- 2nd-rank captain P. A. Chaplin (1758-1759) [11] ;
- 2nd rank captain A. Yaroslavov (1760-1761) [19] .
Notes
Comments
- ↑ The series also included two Revel ships built in 1735 and 1756 , two Ingermanland ships built in 1735 and 1752 , two Northern Eagle ships built in 1735 and 1763 , and two Saint Peter 1741 ships (up to 6 ( 17 ) December 1741 was called “John”) and built in 1760 , two Poltava ships built in 1743 and 1754 , built two Saint Alexander Nevsky ships built in 1749 and 1762 , two built ships Moscow in 1750 and 1760 , The ship " Glory to Russia " (head series ship), " Welfare Ground ," " Leferm ", " Happiness " (up to 6 ( 17 ) On December 1741 the year AZWAI "Generalissimo of Russia"), " The well-being " (6 ( 17 ) On December 1741 year names "Ruler of Russia"), " Catherine ", " Fridemaker ", " Forest ", " Archangel Raphael ," " St. Barbara ", " St. Sergius ”,“ St. John Chrysostom ”(In 1751 it was renamed“ St. John Chrysostom the Second ”in connection with the construction of the 80-gun ship of the same name ),“ Archangel Uriel ”,“ Natalia ”,“ Astrakhan ”,“ Rafail ”, “ Saint James ”, “ Do not Touch Me ”, “ Eustathius Placidus ”, “ Saint Ianuary ”, “ Saratov ”, “ Tver ”, “ Three Hierarchs ” , “ Three Saints ”, “ Europe ”, “ Vsevolod ”, “ Rostislav ”, “ St. George the Victorious ”, “ Count Orlov ”, “ Memory of Eustathius ”, “ Victory ”, “ Victor ”, “ Vyacheslav ”, “ Dmitry Donskoy ” , " Mironosits ", " Holy Prince Vladimir ", " Alexander Nevsky ", " Boris and Gleb ", " Preslav ", " Fight ", " Ingermanland ", " Spiridon " and one ship without a name built in 1758.
- ↑ 155 feet 6 inches.
- ↑ 41 ft. 6 in.
- ↑ 18 feet.
- ↑ In addition to the ship itself, the detachment consisted of two frigates, two prams, and two bombardier ships.
- ↑ Englishman in Russian service. The real name is Duncon Villison , in the Russian transliteration the name Donkon and the spelling variant of the surname Wilson were also used.
References to sources
- ↑ Chernyshev, 1997 , p. 42-62.
- ↑ Chernyshev, 1997 , p. 42.
- ↑ Veselago, 1872 , p. 26.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 17.
- ↑ 1 2 Chernyshev, 1997 , p. 46.
- ↑ Veselago, 1872 , p. 26-27.
- ↑ Veselago II, 2013 , p. 154.
- ↑ Chernyshev, 1997 , p. 46-47.
- ↑ Veselago I, 2013 , p. 348.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Chernyshev, 1997 , p. 47.
- ↑ 1 2 Veselago II, 2013 , p. 417.
- ↑ Veselago, 1872 , p. 27.
- ↑ Veselago II, 2013 , p. 266-267.
- ↑ Veselago I, 2013 , p. 381-382.
- ↑ Veselago II, 2013 , p. 52.
- ↑ Veselago II, 2013 , p. 68.
- ↑ Veselago I, 2013 , p. 347—348.
- ↑ Veselago II, 2013 , p. 71.
- ↑ Veselago II, 2013 , p. 445.
Literature
- Veselago F.F. List of Russian warships from 1668 to 1860. - SPb. : Printing Ministry of the Ministry of the Sea, 1872. - 798 p.
- Veselago F.F. The General Maritime List from the base of the fleet until 1917. - St. Petersburg. : “Atlant”, 2013. - T. 1. - 544 p. - (Military Historical Library). - ISBN 978-5-906200-02-0 .
- Veselago F.F. The General Maritime List from the base of the fleet until 1917. - St. Petersburg. : “Atlas”, 2013. - T. 2 / from the death of Peter the Great to the accession to the throne of Catherine II. - 464 p. - (Military Historical Library). - ISBN 978-5-906200-03-7 .
- Chernyshev A. A. Russian sailing fleet. Directory. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1997 .-- T. 1. - 312 p. - (Ships and ships of the Russian fleet). - 10,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-01788-3 .
- Shirokorad A. B. 200 years of the sailing fleet of Russia / Ed. A. B. Vasiliev. - 2nd ed. - M .: Veche, 2007. - 448 p. - ISBN 978-5-9533-1517-3 .