The 19ASSR Constitution of 1937 is the fundamental law of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ; approved on March 14, 1937 by the II Congress of Soviets of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in Izhevsk [1] .
| Constitution of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | |
|---|---|
| View | Constitution |
| room | one |
| Adoption | Extraordinary II Congress of Soviets of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic March 14, 1937 |
| Entry into force | March 14, 1937 |
| Loss of strength | March 31, 1978 in connection with the adoption of the Constitution of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic 1978 |
Content
Adoption History
The adoption of the first Constitution of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic by the Extraordinary Congress of Soviets of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on March 14, 1937 fundamentally changed the legal status of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and it, along with other republics, became directly part of the RSFSR. This allowed Udmurtia to secede from the Kirov Territory and terminate the existing legal relations with the regional authorities. To unite previously administratively torn Udmurt villages as part of Udmurtia, which meant the satisfaction of one of the original desires of the people of Udmurtia and their aspirations for free national development [1] .
Features
The first Constitution of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, on the basis of the Constitutions of the USSR and the RSFSR , secured the maximum nationalization of ownership of the means of production, which was due to the planning and distribution organization of the economy formed in the 30s, the characteristic feature of which was the absolute centralization of management in all areas of state, economic, public of life. Moreover, the state ownership of Udmurtia, like other autonomous republics, on land, its subsoil, water, forests, etc. began to be considered as all-Union property, the right to dispose of which belonged to the organs of the USSR [2] .
Features of the adoption of the Constitution of Udmurtia were such factors as: approval, which took place only in 1940; almost complete subordination to the legislation of the RSFSR, the dual nature of the UAASSR as a state: on the one hand, the UAASSR was proclaimed a socialist state of workers and peasants, while at the same time it exercised state power on an autonomous basis only outside the Constitution of the USSR and the Constitution of the RSFSR. In article 1 of the Constitution of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of 1937, a certain independence of the Udmurt Autonomous Republic was noted, and in the Chapter of the Constitution "Government" of Udmurtia, subordination to the national legislation of the RSFSR and the USSR was declared. This tendency is also observed in paragraph “a” of Article 17, stating that UAASSR adopts its Constitution and submits for approval by the Supreme Council of the RSFSR. Thus, the first Constitution of Udmurtia was not an independently implemented document, but was subordinate to the authoritarian structure of the state [3] .
Structure of the 1937 Constitution of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Constitution of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of 1937 consisted of 10 chapters and 112 articles [4] . For the first time in it, the fundamentals of the social and state system, the rights and duties of citizens, the principles of the electoral system were formulated.
- Chapter I. Social structure
- Chapter II Government structure
- Chapter III. The supreme bodies of state power of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Chapter IV Government bodies of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Chapter V. Local government bodies
- Chapter VI. Budget of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Chapter VII. Court and prosecutor's office
- Chapter VIII. Basic rights and obligations of citizens
- Chapter IX. Electoral system
- Chapter X. Coat of arms, flag, capital
- Chapter xi. Procedure for amending the Constitution
The main provisions of the Constitution of the UAASSR 1937
Chapter 1 proclaimed that the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is a socialist state of workers and peasants, the political basis of which is the Soviets of Workers' Deputies [5] .
In article 14 of the UASSR Constitution of 1937, the device of Udmurtia among the modern regions of Udmurtia was constituted by such districts as Izhevsk, Pudem, Karsovaysky, Tylovaysky, Bemyzh regions [3] [6] .
Article 76 of the Constitution of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of 1937 only noted that the Udmurt language is the language of legal proceedings on a par with the Russian language [3] [7] .
Article 111 secured Izhevsk as the capital of the Ukrainian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic [4] .
See also
- Constitution of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1978)
- 1936 USSR Constitution
- Constitution of the Udmurt Republic
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Vasilieva, Dmitriev, Kulikov et al., 2005 , p. 159.
- ↑ Voitovich, 2013 , p. 145.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Sergi Bekhterev. The first Constitution of Udmurtia is 80 years old. The main provisions . Electronic periodical “Internet newspaper of Udmurtia” (March 20, 2017).
- ↑ 1 2 Constitution, 1946 , p. 26.
- ↑ Constitution, 1946 , p. 3.
- ↑ Constitution, 1946 , p. 5-6.
- ↑ Constitution, 1946 , p. 18-19.
Literature
- Constitution (Basic Law) of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . - Izhevsk: Udmurtgosizdat, 1946 .-- 27 p. - 10,000 copies.
- Vasilieva O. I., Dmitriev P. N., Kulikov K. I. et al. History of Udmurtia: XX century / ed. K. I. Kulikova. - Izhevsk: Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2005. - P. 101. - 544 p. - ISBN 5-7691-1649-8 .
- Voitovich V. Yu. COMMENT ON SOME REGULATORY PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UDMURT ASSR in 1937 (on the 75th anniversary of the first Constitution of the Udmurt ASSR) (Russian) // BULLETIN OF THE UDMURT UNIVERSITY: Journal. - 2013. - No. 1 . - S. 144—149 .