Minna Karlovna Tappo (1893 - 1969) - collective farmer of the flax-growing collective farm “Red Birch” of the Porkhov district of the Pskov region, drummer .
One of the first in 1936 she mastered the Stakhanov methods of labor on a flax-picking machine, collecting a record for the region of flax fiber harvest.
| Minna Karlovna Tappo | |
|---|---|
 Minna Karlovna Tappo photo from the magazine “ Spark ”, No. 6, 1938 | |
| Date of Birth | 1893 |
| Date of death | 1969 |
| Citizenship |  the USSR |
| Occupation | |
| Awards and prizes |
|
Member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the first convocation (1937). The delegate of the II All-Union Congress of Collective Farmers, VIII Extraordinary Congress of Soviets.
For the actress Vera Maretskaya , she appeared for the character of her role - the main character of the 1939 film “ Member of the Government ”.
Content
Biography
Born in 1893. From a family of Estonian farm laborers who came to work in Porkhov district of the Pskov province.
In 1918 she married the farm laborer Rudolf Tappo, the family was one of the first to join the Red Birch farm.
In 1933, the board of the collective farm proposed to Minne Tappo, who worked as a milkmaid, to head the link of flax growers. Her link has achieved great success.
In February 1935, the delegate sent to the II All-Union Congress of Collective Farmers-Drummers .
The main difficulty then was to convince people to use the linen machine: people were afraid of the machine and refused to work on it, afraid that the machine would damage their hands, and if they worked on the machine, then slowly and with caution: “ Yes, how can you work like this by car? - Minna Tappo was indignant. - Women look at their hands more than at the flax. So, at a rate of fifteen kilograms, they give only two or three. And what is this fiber? Shame. " [1] By her own example she showed work with a machine.
Here we had to do everything manually. After all, fertilizer was not enough then. I collected ash in half, scored three tons, and the head of the NKVD , Gribanov, helped me take out military vehicles, well, the NKVD cars. ... And flax began to grow. We didn’t grow as saichas, they sow dry, and we wet the flax and peeled it off with our hands. The hard work was very. And it was necessary to cram a stone there, then pull it out with a washcloth, then spread it again ... This was all a lot of work for us.
- Minna Karlovna Tappo, audio recording of the interview (speech stylistics preserved in the text) [2]
On March 14-15, 1936, Minna Tappo participated in the 206 delegates at the All-Union Conference of Leading Workers on Flax and Hemp in the Kremlin. Speaking, she personally gave Stalin a promise to achieve an unprecedented harvest for the region - 8 centners of flax fiber per hectare. March 16, 1936 awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor. [3]
On September 26, 1936, Tappo reported on the fulfillment of her obligation: a record crop was collected for the region.
Such results were achieved by increasing the production of flax fiber on the Santalov scutching unit (which was a wooden machine with wooden wheels, driven manually) to a record level of 115 kilograms per shift. [four]
In November 1936 she was elected a delegate from the Leningrad Region to the VIII All-Union Congress of Soviets , in January 1937 - a delegate to the XVII All-Russian Congress of Soviets , at which the new Constitution of the USSR and the Constitution of the RSFSR were adopted .
In 1937, M. Tappo's link received 12.7 centners of flax fiber per hectare. M. Tappo laid the foundation for the organization of specialized flax-growing links. Working according to her example, flax farmers of other collective farms achieved high yields, there was a movement of "centurions" who harvested at least 100 hectares with one machine during the season, i.e. 200% of the norm.
In 1937, a book by M.K. was published in Leningrad in Selkhozgiz . Tappo “ How I Got a High Flax Harvest ” written with the help of a local Salkor, the future famous writer I.F. Kurchavov , with the preface of the chairman of one of the state farms of the Leningrad region, the future Minister of state farms of the USSR A.I. Kozlova . [five]
In December 1937 she was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the first convocation , was elected to the Porkhov election district of the Leningrad region.
In 1938, she was elected chairman of the collective farm. [6]
In 1939, M. Tappo was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for receiving high yields of flax and active public work. [7]
During the Great Patriotic War, she was evacuated to the Stalingrad region , where she worked as the chairman of a collective farm.
After the war she returned to her native collective farm “Red Birch” (after enlargement - “Krupskaya collective farm”), she worked as a link, calf, and milkmaid.
In 1963 she retired. She died in 1969.
Rewards
She was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor (1936) and two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1939,?). [eight]
According to the recollections of her daughters, Minna Karlovna, along with the orders, valued the shawl that she bought on a trip to Moscow in the Kremlin. [9]
Proceedings
- Tappo M.K. - How I got a high yield of flax and achieved high production of flax fiber / The book was written with the help of I.F. Kurchavova . - Leningrad: Selkhozgiz , 1937 - 46 p.
- Tappo M.K. - My experience in flax growing; Foreword I.I. Budanova. - Leningrad: Selkhozgiz , 1938 - 60 p.
- Tappo M.K. - In the service of the people (experience of the foremost flax-growing collective farm “Red Birch”). - Leningrad: Lenizdat , 1939 - 56 p.
Interesting Facts
- Minna Tappo is the first representative of the Estonian people in the supreme authority of the USSR. [eight]
- People's Artist of the USSR Vera Petrovna Maretskaya recalled that in the process of working on the role of Alexandra Sokolova in the film “ Member of the Government ”, a meeting with Minna Karlovna Tappo, who had arrived in Moscow for a session, helped her find the key to understanding the nature of her future heroine. [2]
- According to local tales [10] M.K. Tappo “ was a Hero of Socialist Labor ”, and even “ became a prototype of the famous collective farmer at VDNH ”, which is not true.
Notes
- ↑ Ivan Kurchavov - Tappo from Olesov // In the everyday life of the great construction sites: Communist women, heroines of the first five-year plans, Gospolitizdat, 1986 - 316 p. - p. 243-253
- ↑ 1 2 Remember everything. From farm laborers to the deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Why the People’s Artist of the USSR Vera Maretskaya recalled Porkhovka Minna Karlovna Tappo // Radio Mayak-Pskov, Issue 11/11/16.
- ↑ Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of March 16, 1936
- ↑ Victor A. Maamyagi - Estonians in the USSR: 1917-1940, Science, 1990 - 198 p. - p. 138
- ↑ Minna Tappo - How I got a high yield of flax and achieved high production of flax fiber / The book was written with the help of I.F. Kurchavov ; [Foreword: A. G. Kozlov]. - Leningrad: Selkhozgiz , 1937 - 46 p.
- ↑ Agricultural Economics, Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Agriculture, 1939
- ↑ Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of 04.04.1939 "On the awarding of agricultural leaders in the Leningrad Region"
- ↑ 1 2 Johannes Käbin - In a single, powerful Union, Eesti Raamat, 1982 - 147 p. - page 34
- ↑ Pskov Chronicles: The History of the Region in Documents and Studies, Volume 1, Sterkh Publishing House, 2001 - p. 70
- ↑ A. Moskalinsky - "Hosten's tales" by Valentina Fedorovna Nikolaeva
Sources
- Remember everything. From farm laborers to the deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Why the People's Artist of the USSR Vera Maretskaya recalled Porkhivanka Minna Karlovna Tappo (audio recording) // Radio “ Mayak- Pskov”, November 11, 2016
- Ivan Kurchavov - Tappo from Olesov // On the weekdays of great construction projects: Communist women, heroines of the first five-year plans, Gospolitizdat, 1986 - 316 p. - p. 243-253
- Widely deployed work at polling stations ... " (about the election campaign for MK Tappo in the elections to the Supreme Council) // Pskov Magazine No. 38 for 2013
- The Supreme Soviet of the USSR is elected! // Magazine "Worker" No. 35-36 for January 19, 1938 - p. 6
- Personal Archival Funds in the State Repositories of the USSR: Index, Volume 3. Sovets Union. Main Archival Administration, Julia Ivanovna Gerasimova, E.V. Kolosova. Chap. archival management., 1963
- Estonian settlers in the USSR: 1917-1940 Victor Maamägi. Eesti Raamat, 1976 Total pages: 235
- Pskov Biographical Dictionary. Under the total. ed. V.N. Leshchikova. Pskov, PSPI, 2002