Stoff (from it. Substance, substance ) is the collective name of various chemical compounds (mainly as components of aviation and rocket fuel) used in Germany during the Second World War .
Meaning of the word
The German word Stoff , derived from the Old French estoffe , depending on the context, can mean "chemical composition", "substance", "fuel", "matter" [1] . The elementary chemical elements hydrogen , oxygen , carbon , nitrogen in German sound like Wasserstoff , Sauerstoff , Kohlenstoff and Stickstoff (literally “water substance”, “acid substance”, “coal substance” and “smoke substance”).
In Germany of the 20th century, the word Stoff was used as a code for chemical compounds in the military industry. The first designations -Stoff received various toxic substances from the First World War (for example, the designation A-Stoff received chloroacetone ). By the time of World War II, some designations were changed, for example, under the labeling of the same A-Stoff, liquid oxygen began to be designated.
List of Symbols
- A-Stoff (PMV): chloroacetone (a toxic substance) [2]
- A-Stoff (WWII): liquid oxygen
- B-Stoff: hydrazine or a solution in water of 75% ethanol (fuel for V-2 )
- Bn-Stoff (PMV): bromomethyl ethyl ketone (C 4 H 7 BrO, chemical agent) [2]
- Br-Stoff: naphtha isolated from gasoline
- C-Stoff: 57% methanol / 30% hydrazine / 13% water / catalyst
- F-Stoff: Titanium (IV) Chloride
- K-Stoff: methyl chloroformate
- M-Stoff: methanol
- N-Stoff: Chlorine (III) Fluoride
- P-stoff: compressed nitrogen or air (used to prepare the V-2 rocket for launch)
- R-Stoff or Tonka : 57% monosilidine oxide / 43% triethylamine
- S-Stoff: 90% nitric acid / 10% sulfuric acid or 96% nitric acid / 4% iron (III) chloride as a catalyst [3]
- SV-Stoff or Salbei : 94% nitric acid / 6% diazotetraoxide ( red fuming nitric acid ) or 85% nitric acid / 15% sulfuric acid
- T-Stoff (PMV: xylyl bromide (poison) [2]
- T-Stoff (BMB): 80% hydrogen peroxide / a small amount of 8-hydroxyquinoline / 20% water (used as an oxidizing agent with C-Stoff for HWK 109-509 jet engines or fuel with Z-Stoff for HWK accelerators 109-500 Starthilfe RATO and HWK 109-507 ASM )
- U-Stoff: Diazot tetraoxide
- X-Stoff: Tetranitromethane
- XU-Stoff: 70% (by weight) X-Stoff (tetranitromethane) / 30% U-Stoff (diazotetraoxide)
- Z-Stoff: calcium permanganate / sodium permanganate / water
Notes
- ↑ "Stoff" , Duden , Berlin: Bibliographisches Institut , < https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Stoff > . Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Ford, Brian J., Secret Weapons , 2011, p. 33 ISBN 978 1 84 908 390 4
- ↑ Clark, John D. 9: What Ivan Was Doing // Ignition! An Informal History of Liquid Rocket Propellants . - Rutgers University Press, 1972. - P. 116. - ISBN 0813507251 .