Osmanov Seytumer Osmanovich ( 1907 , November, Buyuk-Ozenbash - 2008 , Tashkent , Uzbekistan ) - Crimean Tatar and Uzbek ichthyologist and parasitologist.
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Content
Biography
He was born in December 1907 in the village of Buyuk-Ozenbash of the Bogatyrsky volost of the Yalta district in a peasant Crimean Tatar family. Father is Osman Effendi, mother is Haniyah-apte. He had three brothers: Seytbekir, Yusuf and Muslum. He graduated from the madrasah , in which he subsequently taught. Until the end of his life, he was a staunch follower of Ismail Gasprinsky .
In 1923-1929 he studied at the Crimean Tatar boarding school in Simferopol . He received secondary education in his native Crimean Tatar language . After leaving school, in 1929-1933, he studied at the Biology Department of the Crimean Medical Institute , after which he was left in graduate school at the Department of Zoology. Its supervisor was I.I. Puzanov . The ichthyology workshop was held at the Sevastopol Biological Station . The theme of the dissertation was “Biology and Ecology of Crimean Rapids and its Role in the Cycle of Organic Substances in the Conditions of Freshwater Ponds of Crimea”. However, subsequently, Puzanov had a conflict with the dean of the biological department, M. F. Gusev , who was negative about the training of “national” scientific personnel. As a result, Puzanov refused to work under the leadership of Gusev and left the Crimea, while Osmanov was left without a supervisor.
In 1934, Osmanov left his native Crimea and transferred to graduate school at the Leningrad Pedagogical Institute. A. Herzen , where until 1937 he studied in graduate school at the Department of Zoology and Darwinism. For three years, he prepared a Ph.D. thesis on the topic “Parasitofauna of Black Sea Fishes”, the supervisor of which was Professor V. A. Dogel . The results of his dissertation were published in fundamental work:
Osmanov S. A. (1940) Materials for the parasitofauna of fish of the Black Sea. Scientific Notes of the Leningrad Pedagogical Institute. A.I. Herzen, Caf. Zoology and Darwinism, 30: 187-265. This scientific article was the first scientific work, which described in detail fish parasites in the area of Cape Tarhankut , in the Sevastopol Bay and the Dnieper estuary . [1] A number of new species were described, many species were first found in the Black Sea and in Ukraine [1] .
After defending his dissertation, Osmanov was trying to transfer to his native Crimea, however, M. F. Gusev denied him employment, since his brother, Muslum Osmanov, was at that time accused of nationalism. In fact, Muslum Osmanov held the post of Deputy Commissar of Education of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and translated textbooks for schools published in Moscow in the Crimean Tatar language. After working in the Chelyabinsk Pedagogical Institute in 1938-1940, he was released and in early 1940 transferred to the Sevastopol Biological Station under the guidance of Professor Vodyanitsky , trying to continue the study of parasites of marine fish. War prevented his work. Despite the rank of junior lieutenant, Seytumer Osmanov was denied mobilization without any explanation. In August 1941, he was sent to the villages of Otarkoy , then the Kuibyshev district , to teach at a school with the Crimean Tatar language of instruction. There he fell under occupation. After the bombing of the village, on November 1, 1941, the school stopped working, and Seytemur and his brother joined the partisan detachment, which consisted of Crimean Tatars. Throughout the entire period of Hitler’s occupation, he fought with enemies in the ranks of this detachment, but with the return of Soviet power in May 1944, he was accused of collaborating with the occupiers and deported to Uzbekistan . There he got a job on September 1, 1944 as an assistant professor of zoology, later the head of the department of chemistry and biology of the Karakalpak Pedagogical Institute.
Until 1949, he greatly developed teaching at the institute, and a new biological and chemical faculty was opened. However, in 1949, a resolution of the NKVD was issued, which Crimean Tatars were forbidden to engage in teaching activities if they are not members of the party. Osmanov was relieved of his post in 1950. Then he worked at the Karakalpak Research Institute of Economics and Culture, which in 1958 was transformed into a comprehensive research institute of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences. Osmanov took the post of head of the sector of zoology and parasitology, as well as the head of the laboratory of ichthyology and parasitology. In 1969, he defended his doctoral dissertation. Under his leadership, 7 candidate dissertations were defended. On December 30, 1981, he retired.
Such new species are named in his honor:
- Contracaecum osmanovi, Mossowoy, 1951.
- "Dactylogyrus osmanovi" Urazbaev, 1966.
- Chloromyxum osmanovi Karataew, 1983.
On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the birth of S. O. Osmanov, the book of his memoirs, "A Century-Long Road", 2007 [2], was published in his manuscript by 2002, at home.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Osmanov S. A. (1940) Materials on the parasitofauna of fish of the Black Sea. Scientific Notes of the Leningrad Pedagogical Institute. A.I. Herzen, Caf. Zoology and Darwinism, 30: 187-265.
- ↑ S.O. Osmanov. Century-long road: [Sat. memories, articles, stories]. - Simferopol: Share, 2007 .-- 231 p. - ISBN 978-966-366-088-3 .
Literature
- Century-long road: [Sat. memoirs, articles, stories] / S. O. Osmanov. - Simferopol: Share, 2007 .-- 231 p. : on l.12 (ill.). - ISBN 978-966-366-088-3