Efrussi, Jacob Isaakovich

Born in Odessa in the family of a doctor Isaac Iosifovich Efrussi, a native of Chisinau from the family of a co-owner of a bank office, a merchant of the first guild Iosif Isaakovich Efrusi. Mother - Anna Menkas; parents married in Chisinau in 1880. Nephew of economist and publicist B.O. Efrusi , psychologist P.O. Efrussi and pediatrician Z. O. Michnik . In 1917 he graduated from the Odessa Commercial and Music College, then Samara State University . At the same time he worked as a violinist in Samara’s orchestras (1917-1922), then as a laboratory assistant in the laboratory of physical research methods under the direction of L. S. Termen at the Leningrad Physical-Mechanical Institute (1924-1925). In 1927 he graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mechanics of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (where he was accepted immediately to the second year) ^[1] .

Since 1925, he was an employee of the Special Technical Bureau for Special-Purpose Military Inventions (Ostekhbyuro), first as a senior laboratory assistant, then as a senior engineer and since 1935 as the head of the laboratory. In August 1937, he was dismissed from Ostekhbyuro. He was arrested on September 22, 1937 on charges of carrying out sabotage activities, as a result of which radio-controlled torpedoes and code transmitters did not enter service. At a meeting of the Visiting Session of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, he refused his testimony during the investigation. The case was returned for further investigation and in April 1939, part of the charges were dropped due to insufficient evidence. During the investigation he was detained in the “Crosses” prison, in the Leningrad transit prison and in the Vologda prison. Convicted by the Special Meeting at the NKVD of the USSR on July 21, 1939 under Art. 58-6 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR and sentenced to imprisonment for 8 years. He served his sentence in Sevvostlag , in a wheelchair camp near Magadan , then was transferred to Butyrskaya prison . From March 1941 to September 1945 he worked at the facility of the 4th special department of the NKVD in Sverdlovsk . He developed radio structures, including a receiver for partisans under the code "Squirrel". Released on September 29, 1945. Rehabilitated for lack of corpus delicti on February 28, 1957 ^[2] .

After his release from the camp, he worked as a senior engineer in the same design bureau of the 4th special department of the NKVD, then as an engineer in the department of operational equipment of the MGB for free hire (1945-1953). In 1953-1987, he was a researcher at the Moscow Television Branch Laboratory (MTFL), later renamed the Moscow Television Research Institute. Candidate of technical sciences ("Fundamentals of analysis and synthesis of characteristics of television amplifiers of intermediate frequency", 1964). He was engaged in inventive activities in the field of radio engineering and television broadcasting ^[3] . Author of scientific publications on television technology. Memoirs of the years spent in the Gulag were published in the journal Zvezda (1991) and later came out as a separate book.

• The cousins ​​are Anna Borisovna Zaks , a museum historian, and Sarah Zaks (1898-1981), a philologist and methodologist. Cousin - molecular biologist Boris Samoilovich Efrussi .
• The first wife is Nadezhda Georgievna Efrusi.

• Amplifiers of intermediate frequency for TVs. M. — L .: Gosenergoizdat, 1957.- 128 p.
• Phase correction of television transmitters. Collection of articles edited and preface by J. I. Efrussi. M .: Publishing house of foreign literature, 1959. - 115 p.
• Pulse methods of television measurements. Collection of articles edited and preface by J. I. Efrussi. M .: Publishing house of foreign literature, 1961. - 117 p.
• Who is on the E? M .: Return, 1996 .-- 91 p.

• Notes of the engineer // Gradually gravitates: Sat. / comp. S. S. Vilensky. - M .: Return, 2004. - T. 2: Kolyma. - S. 319—328.