Ostroukhov House in Trubniki

Building

The wooden building of the museum belongs to Moscow buildings after a fire set up by the French in 1812. Built in the 1820s, the mansion survived several major rebuildings - in 1858, 1870 and 1889. During this period, the garden, wooden buildings in the courtyard were lost, and the boundaries of the plot were also changed. The first owner of the house was E. Solntseva, and in the 1880s, the building was acquired by the merchants Dmitry and Peter Botkin . The artist Ilya Ostroukhov became the owner in 1890 after marrying Petr Botkin’s daughter Nadezhda ^[2] - she got a house on Trubnikovsky Lane as a dowry ^[3] .

Since that time, Ostroukhov began to form his own art collection, consisting mainly of sketches of Russian artists, works of the Impressionists and a collection of icons ^[4] . In 1891, the Ostroukhov collection was opened for public access. The number of exhibits grew, and in 1905 a brick extension was made to the house, and nine years later a second floor and a residential stone outbuilding in the yard were added to it ^{[3] [4]} .

After the revolution , in 1918 the estate was nationalized and turned into a branch of the Tretyakov Gallery with the name "Museum of Iconography and Painting named after I. S. Ostroukhova. " Since 1979, the mansion has been part of the State Literary Museum . During the restoration of the building, the historical appearance of the end of the XIX century was restored, the internal layout and decor were restored ^[3] .

Create Collection

Ilya Ostroukhov throughout his life was fond of collecting ^[2] . As an accomplished artist, he began to collect sketches and sketches of his colleagues in the Abramtsevo art circle . The first in his collection was the drawing of Vasily Polenov "The Boat", presented to him in 1883. However, most of the collection was formed in the 1890s. As noted by art critic Lidia Iovleva , the first exhibits Ostroukhov began to bring from his frequent trips to Europe , these were “medieval Spanish lamps, and Copenhagen faience, Egyptian household and religious objects from the excavation and Greek-Roman figurines and vases, European and Chinese porcelain and Japanese fans and engravings ” ^[5] .

Friendship with Pavel Tretyakov had a great influence on the artistic taste and collection of Ostroukhov. After his death, in 1913, Ostroukhov was elected a member of the Board of Trustees of the Tretyakov Gallery, and since 1904 his head ^[5] . Until the 1900s, the main collection of Ostroukhov was composed of works by Russian artists: Vasily Perov , Ilya Repin , Ivan Kramskoy , Vasily Surikov , Vasily Vasnetsov , Vasily Polenov , Ilya Levitan , Vasily Serov , Mikhail Vrubel ^[6] .

At the beginning of the 20th century, Ostroukhov made friends with Sergei Diaghilev , and the collection was replenished with the work of members of the World of Art association: Spring on the Seaside by Konstantin Somov , watercolors by Alexander Benois and Lev Bakst . A great influence on the collection was made by the artist’s admiration for the works of the French impressionists - in 1911 he even hosted Henri Matisse at his home and at the Tretyakov Gallery ^[7] .

Ilya Ostroukhov also had one of the largest collection of icons in Russia. In his collection were stored images of Andrei Bogolyubsky and Sergius of Radonezh , the work of Andrei Rublev , ancient Russian icons of Veliky Novgorod . A special place in the collection was occupied by the icon of Elijah the Prophet of the 15th century donated to the artist ^[8] . As Alexander Benois recalls, Ostroukhov played an important role in the popularization of icon painting in Russia and abroad:

In 1912, Ostroukhov took part in creating the collection of the Department of Christian Antiquities of the Russian Museum named after Alexander III , offering the museum the services of restorers and antique dealers ^[10] .

After the artist’s death in 1929, the Ostroukhov collection was removed from the mansion, and the Museum of Iconography and Painting was closed. Vera Prokhorova's niece, Ilya Ostroukhova, later wrote in her memoirs:

Most of the collection, including a collection of paintings and icon paintings, was moved to the Tretyakov Gallery ^[12] and the Historical Museum ^[13] in 1929.

Since 1979, the mansion again acquired the status of a museum object and became owned by the State Literary Museum . In 1983, an exhibition opened in the building dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the birth of Vasily Zhukovsky . From 1984 to 1992, a collection of works of the history of Russian literature of the 20th century was exhibited in the building. In 1992, the Ostroukhov mansion acquired the status of an exhibition hall. Since 2014, Ostroukhov’s house has been functioning as a scientific and exhibition center “I.S. Ostroukhov’s House in Trubniki” ^[14] .

At the beginning of 2018, “I.S. Ostroukhov’s House in Trubniki” does not have a permanent exhibition. In 2011, the museum won the contest "A changing museum in a changing world |", established by the Potanin Foundation to help museums implement modern projects ^{[1] [15]} .

Major exhibitions from 2014 to 2018

• “ Alexander Vertinsky . Legend of the Century ”(2014) - organized for the 125th anniversary of the composer. Each section of the exhibition includes a certain stage in the artist’s life: pre-revolutionary art, emigration, life in Shanghai , return to Russia ^[1] .
• “Rare books of Anna Akhmatova ’s collection in the GLM collection” (2014) ^[1] .
• “ Yuri Annenkov . Portraits, illustrations and theatrical sketches from the collection ”(2014) - dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the painter ^[1] .
• “The world began to be scary and great ...” (2014) - dedicated to the memory of the First World War ^[1] .
• “The Roads of Isaac Babel ” (2014) - was opened to the 120th anniversary of the writer. The composition of the temporary exposition included manuscripts, books, photographs from life. A virtual tour is available at the exhibition ^[16] .
• “Moscow Pasternak in events and faces” (2015) - dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the poet ^[1] .
• Exhibition dedicated to the 125th anniversary of Osip Mandelstam (2015) - organized with the participation of the archives of Princeton and Heidelberg universities. The exposition included photographs, autographs, documents, lifetime editions. The exhibition became the largest in Russia dedicated to Mandelstam ^[17] .
• Exhibition of paintings by Anna Saryan (2016) - in the exhibition hall exhibited works from private collections as well as new works by the artist ^[18] .
• “Housing issue” (2016) - is dedicated to the life and life of writers of the Soviet period ^[19] .
• “ Twelve . Russian writers as a mirror of the 1917 revolution ”, organized in honor of the 100th anniversary of the revolution and telling about the fate of Vladimir Mayakovsky , Alexander Blok , Alexey Remizov , Ivan Bunin , Zinaida Gippius , Maxim Gorky , Alexei Tolstoy , Marina Tsvetaeva , Maximilian Voloshin , Valery Bryusov , Demyan Poor and Anatoly Lunacharsky . The exhibition space was divided into twelve rooms, each of which told about the life of an individual writer ^[20] .
• “Literary Atlantis : Poetic Life of the 1990-2000s” (2017) - the purpose of the event was to talk about post-Soviet poetry and literature, free of state ideology ^[21] .
• “Rilke and Russia” (2018) - the event was organized jointly with Germany and Switzerland . The temporary exhibition includes about 280 exhibits on the cultural ties of the poet Rainer Rilke with Russia ^[22] .

The museum has a cultural center for working with children. The main projects - “Non-lesson”, “Entertaining Philology”, “Writing with Feathers” - are aimed at developing creative skills among schoolchildren, deepening their knowledge of the history of literature, as well as improving writing skills ^[23] .

• Benoit A. My memories. - M: Nauka, 1980 .-- 744 p. - ISBN 978-5-02-012722-7 .
• Iovleva L. Ilya Ostroukhov –Moscow artist and collector // Tretyakov Gallery. - 2006. - Vol. Number 2 . - S. 48-57 .
• Pivovarova N. Collection of monuments of Christian antiquity in the Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III // Cahiers du monde russe. - 2012 .-- T. 53 , no. No. 2-3 . - S. 453-465 .
• Prokhorova V. Four friends against the backdrop of the century. - M: Astrel, 2012 .-- 338 p. - ISBN 978-5-271-40033-9 .
• Umerenkova S. Tretyakov Gallery as one of the leading scientific, artistic, cultural and educational centers of Russia // Uchenye Zapiski. - 2008 .-- S. 250—252 .

• Official site of the V. Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature