Content
- 1 General characteristics of sources
- 1.1 Timeline
- 2 Age of Judges (XII-XI centuries BC. | ~ 300 years)
- 3 The kingdom of Israel and Judea (XI-X centuries BC)
- 4 The kingdom of Judea ( Yehuda ) (X centuries BC - approx. 587 BC)
- 5 The Kingdom of Israel (Israel) (X centuries BC - approx. 722 BC)
- 6 Persian governors of Judea
- 7 Judea as a part of the Power of Alexander the Great (332-312 BC)
- 8 Judea within the Syrian kingdom (312-152 BC)
- 9 Hasmonean dynasty (152 - 37 years BC)
- 10 Herodias (Dynasty of Herod) (37 BC - 76 AD)
- 11 The Roman rulers of Judea (6–66 AD)
- 11.1 Prefects (6–41)
- 11.2 Procurators (44–66)
- 11.3 Proconsuls (70–395)
- 12 Leaders of the Jewish revolts
- 12.1 Against Greece
- 12.1.1 Rebellion of the Maccabees (167–142 BC)
- 12.2 Against Rome
- 12.2.1 Rebellion 66-73 n. e. (Judean War I)
- 12.2.2 Uprising 132-135 N e. (Judean War II)
- 12.1 Against Greece
- 13 Nashi (princes) (71 - 415 AD) Elders of the Jewish community in Palestine
- 14 Notes
General characteristics of sources
Timeline
Dates are indicated by the following sources:
- Timeline - an article from the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia
- "Chronology . " Jewish Encyclopedia.
- "Rulers of the world: Chronological and genealogical tables on world history in 4 vols." Compiled by V.V. Erlikhman . - M.: 2002.
The order, duration of the reign and additional information for the rulers of the era of judges, ancient Israel, the Judean and North Israeli kingdoms are indicated in the Bible .
Age of Judges (XII-XI centuries BC. | ~ 300 years old)
Ancient Israel Capitals : Silom (Shiloh), Mitspa , Rama, Gibeon (Givon).
| Name in Russian. traditions Original Name | In the Old Testament | Years of life | Board Duration | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one. | Joshua Jehoshua Bin Nun | Nav. 1 - Court. 2: 8 | |||
| 8 years old vassal Kushan-Rishatayim | |||||
| 2. | Gofoniil, son of Kenaz Otniel ben knaz | Court. 3: 9-11 | 40 years of peace | fought against Husarsafem , king of Mesopotamia (Kushan-Rishataim, king of Aram). | |
| 18 years of the vassal of the Ammonites and the Amalekites | |||||
| 3. | Aod, son of Hera Ehud Bin Gera | Court. 3: 11-29 | 80 years of peace | fought against Eglon , king of Moab (Eglon, king of Moab) | |
| four. | Samegar, son of Anafov Shamgar bin Anat | Court. 3:31 | |||
| 20 years vassal of Canaanites | |||||
| 5. | Deborah The yard | Court. 4 - 5 | 40 years | together with the military commander Varak (Barak) fought against the Canaanite king Javin of Hazors (Yavin, king Hatzor) and Sisara (Sisra), his commander | |
| 7 years vassal of Midian | |||||
| 6. | Gideon Guide'on | Court. 6 - 8 | 40 years | fought with the Midianites , Amalekites, and the "inhabitants of the east" | |
| Abimelech son of Gideon Avimelech bin Gid'on | Court. 9 | 3 years | formally usurped royal power and is not a judge. He fought with the Israelis, protesting against his power | ||
| 7. | Fola, son of Fui Tol'a Ben Pua | Court. 10: 1,2 | 23 years | ||
| 8. | Jairus of Gilead Yair Hagil'adi | Court. 10: 3-5 | 22 years old | ||
| 18 years old vassal of the Philistines and Ammonites | |||||
| 9. | Jephthah Iftah | Court. 11 - 12: 7 | 6 years | fought with the Ammonites | |
| 10. | Hesewon Ivtsan | Court. 12: 8-10 | 7 years | ||
| eleven. | Elon the Zavulonyanin Eilon Hazuluni | Court. 12: 11,12 | 10 years | ||
| 12. | Avdon, son of Hillel Avdon bin Hillel | Court. 12: 13-15 | 8 years | ||
| vassal of the Philistines | |||||
| 13. | Samson Shimson | Court. 13 - 16 | 40 years | fought with the Philistines | |
| * | ( Emegar son of Enan) | Court. 16:31 | maybe Samegar | ||
| fourteen. | Eli Eli ha kochen | 1 Kings 1: 1 - 4:18 | sons helped - Ofni and Phinehas | ||
| fifteen. | Samuel Shmuel | 1 Kings 1 - 28 | sons helped - Joel and Abijah | ||
The kingdom of Israel and Judah (11th – 10th centuries BC)
Ancient Israel Capitals : Hebron , then Jerusalem ( Yerushalaim ).
| Name in Russian. traditions Original Name | In the Old Testament | Years of reign [1] | Comments | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one. died | Saul son of kitty Shaul Bin Kish | 1 Kings 9: 1 - 31:13 | 1029-1005 OK. 1040 - 1012 | ||
died | Ishbosheth son of Saul Ishbaal bin Shaul | 2 Kings 2: 8 - 4:12 | OK. 1012 - 1010 | contender in Mahanaim | |
| 2. | David son of jesse David Ben Ishay | 1 Kings 16:12 - 1 Kings 2:11 | 1005–965 1047-1017 1012 - 972 | ||
died | Absalom , son of David Avshalom bin David | 2 Kings 3 - 18 | 982 - 979 | Challenger in Hebron | |
died | Savey , son of Bihri Shev'a Ben Behri | 2 Kings twenty | 977 - 976 | contender in shechem | |
| 3. | Solomon , son of David Shlomo Ben David | 2 Kings 5:14 - 1 Kings 11:43 | 968–928 1017—978 972 - 932 | ||
| OK. 928 BC e. - section into the kingdoms of Judah and Israel | |||||
The kingdom of Judea ( Yehuda ) (X centuries BC - approx. 587 BC)
(Southern Israel ). Capital : Jerusalem .
| Name in Russian. traditions Original Name | In the Old Testament | Years of reign [1] | Comments | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one. | Rehoboam the son of Solomon Rehovam Bin Shlomo | 3 Kings 12-14 | 928-911 978–960 932 - 913 | ||
| 2. | Abijah , son of Rehoboam Aviyam bin Rehav'am | 3 Kings 14: 1 - 15: 8 | 911—908 960–958 913-911 | ||
| 3. | Asa , son of Abijah Asa bin Aviyam | 3 Kings 15: 8 - 15:24 | 908-867 958-917 911—870 | ||
| four. | Jehoshaphat the son of Asa Yehoshafat bin Asa | 3 Kings 15:24 - 22:50 | comp. from | 870-846 917–892 870-848 | |
| 5. | Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat Yeohram bin Yehoshafat | 3 Kings 22:50 - 4Kings 8:24 | comp. from 851 895 853 | 846-843 892—888 848-841 | |
| 6. died | Ahaziah son of Joram Ahaziah Ben Yeoram | 4 Kings 8:24 - 8:24 | 843-842 888–887 841 | ||
| 7. died | Hofolia , daughter of Amvria Atalia Bat Omri | 4 Kings 8:26 - 11:20 | 842-836 887—881 841-835 | wife Jorama and mother of Ahaziah | |
| 8. died | Joash the son of Ahaziah Yehobash Akhazia | 4 Kings 11: 2 - 14:16 | 836—798 881-840 835—796 | ||
| regent | Iodai Yehoyada | 4 Kings 11: 4 - 12: 9 | 836-826 881–871 835-825 | high priest | |
| 9. died | Amaziah the son of Joash Amazia ben Yehogash | 4 Kings 12:21 - 14:17 | 798-769 840-811 796-767 | ||
| 10. | Uzziah / Azariah , son of Amasiah Uziyau / Azariah bin Amaziya | 4 Kings 14:21 - 15: 7 | comp. from 791 | 785-733 811—758 767—740 | |
| eleven. | Joatham son of Uzziah Yotam bin Uzziyau | 4 Kings 15:32 - 15:38 | comp. from 760 | 759-743 758-742 740-732 | |
| 12. | Ahaz , son of Joatham Ahaz bin Yotam | 4 Kings 15:38 - 16:20 | comp. from 735 | 743-727 742-727 732 - 716 | |
| 722 - 612 vassal of Assyria | |||||
| 13. | Hezekiah , son of Ahaz Hizkiyau ben Ahaz | 4 Kings 16:20 - 20:21 | 727–698 727–698 716—687 / 6 | ||
| fourteen. | Manasseh son of Hezekiah Menache bin Hizkiyau | 4 Kings 20:21 - 21:18 | comp. from 696/5 | 698-642 698-642 687/6 - 642/1 | |
| fifteen. died | Ammon , son of Manasseh Ammon bin Menache | 4 Kings 21:18 - 21:26 | 641-640 642-640 642/1 - 640/39 | ||
| 16. died | Josiah the son of Ammon Yoshiyau bin Ammon | 4 Kings 22: 1 - 23:30 | 639-609 640-609 640 / 39—608 | ||
| 17. died | Joachaz son of Josiah Yeghahaz ben Yoshiyau | 4 Kings 23:30 - 23:33 | 609 609 608 | ruled for three months | |
| eighteen. died | Joachim the son of Josiah Jehohakim bin Yoshiyau | 4 Kings 23:33 - 24: 6 | 608-598 609-598 608-597 | brother of Joahaz | |
| 19. | Jehonia son of Joachim Yehoyahin ben Yehoyakim | 4 Kings 24: 6 - 24:17 | 597 598 597 | died approx. 560 | |
| twenty. | Zedekiah , son of Josiah Zedkiyau ben Yoshiyau | 4 Kings 24:17 - 25: 7 | 596-586 598-587 597-586 | uncle of yehonia | |
| August 27, 586 BC e. The destruction of the first temple | |||||
| 586 - 539 years BC e. The Babylonian Conquest ( Babylonian Captivity ) | |||||
| 539 - 331 years. BC e. Persian Conquest | |||||
The Kingdom of Israel (Israel) (X century BC - c. 722 BC)
(North Israel .) Capital : Samaria (Shomron).
| Name in Russian. traditions Original Name | In the Old Testament | Years of reign [1] | Comments | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I dynasty | |||||
| one. | Jeroboam I son of Navatus Yerov'am bin Navat | 3 Kings 11:26 - 15: 7 | 928–907 977–956 932 - 910 | ||
| 2. died | Nadab , son of Jeroboam Nadav bin Yerov'am | 3 Kings 15:25 - 15:28 | 907—906 956-955 910—909 / 8 | ||
| II dynasty | |||||
| 3. | Vaasa Baasha | 3 Kings 15:27 - 16: 6 | 906—883 955–932 909 / 8-886 / 5 | ||
| four. died | Ila , son of Vaasa Ala | 3 Kings 16: 8 - 16: 9 | 883–882 932–931 886 / 5—885 / 4 | ||
| III dynasty | |||||
| 5. died | Zmavri Zimri | 3 Kings 16: 9 - 16:19 | 882 931 885/4 | 7 days rule | |
| IV dynasty | |||||
died | Famnius Tibney | 931–927 884-881 | challenger | ||
| 6. | Amvriy Omri | 3 Kings 16:21 - 16:28 | 931–927 884-881 | 882-871 927-920 885 / 4-874 / 3 | |
| 7. died | Ahab son of Omri Ahab bin Omri | 3 Kings 16:28 - 22:40 | 873–852 920-900 874 / 3— 853 | ||
| 8. died | Ahaziah , son of Ahab Akhazia bin Ahab | 3 Kings 22:40 - 2Kings 1:17 | 853—851 900-899 853— 852 | ||
| 9. died | Joram the son of Ahab Yeohram bin Ahab | 4 Kings 1:17 - 9:24 | 851-842 899–887 852-842 | brother of ohazia | |
| V dynasty | |||||
| 10. | Jehu Yegu | 4 Kings 9: 2 - 10:35 | 842-814 887—859 842 - 814 | ||
| eleven. | Joachaz son of Jehu Yehahahaz bin Yehu | 4 Kings 10:35 - 13: 9 | 817-800 859-842 814—798 | ||
| 12. | Joash the son of Joahaz Yehogash bin Yehahahaz | 4 Kings 13:10 - 14:16 | 800-784 842-825 798—782 | ||
| 13. | Jeroboam II , son of Joash Yerov'am bin Yehoash | 4 Kings 14:16 - 14:29 | co-ruler with 793 | 788-747 825–799 and 788–773 782—753 | 799-788 vassal of Syria |
| fourteen. died | Zechariah the son of Jeroboam Zachariah bin Yerov'am | 4 Kings 14:29 - 15:10 | 747 773—772 753—752 | 6 months rule | |
| VI dynasty | |||||
| fifteen. died | Shallum Shallum | 4 Kings 15:10 - 15:14 | 747 772 752 | ruled one month | |
| VII dynasty | |||||
| 16. | Manaim I Menachem bin Gadi | 4 Kings 15:14 - 15:22 | 747-737 772-761 752-741 | ||
| 17. died | Fakiya , the son of Manaim Pkahia ben Menachem | 4 Kings 15:22 - 15:25 | 737-735 761—759 741-740 | ||
| VIII Dynasty | |||||
| eighteen. died | Fakey Pekah | 4 Kings 15:25 - 15:30 | in Gilead with 752 | 735-732 759-744 and 735-730 740-732 | 744-735 vassal of Assyria |
| Manaim II Menachem II | 744-735 | vassal of Assyria , Tiglathpalasar III | |||
| IX dynasty | |||||
| 19. died | Hosea , the son of Ilah Joshea bin Ila | 4 Kings 15:30 - 17: 6 | 732-724 730-721 732-722 | vassal of Assyria | |
| 721 BC e. - destruction of Samaria | |||||
| 722-612 BC e. - Assyrian conquest | |||||
| 612-539 BC e. - Babylonian conquest | |||||
| 539- 331 years BC e. - Persian conquest | |||||
Judea Persian governors
Residence : Jerusalem .
- Sheshbatar (c. 539 - 528 ).
- Zerubbabel (Zerubavel) ( 528 - 518 ).
- Ezra (Ezra) (c. 458 - 445 ).
- Nehemiah (Nehemiah) (c. 445 - 443 ) and ( 432 - 430 ).
- Hanani (c. 419 ).
- Bagoy (Bagokhi) (c. 410 ).
- Sin-ullite I (c. 405 ).
- Delaya .
- Syn-uballite II (c. 380 ).
- Isaiah .
- Hananiah (c. 354 ).
- Syn-ullallite III (c. 345 - 332 ).
Judea as part of the Power of Alexander the Great (332–312 BC)
Judea in the Syrian Kingdom (312-152 BC)
Hasmonean Dynasty (152 - 37 BC)
The leaders of the rebellion against the Greeks, the high priests, ethnarchs and kings of Judea . Capital : Jerusalem .
| Name in Russian. traditions Original Name | title | Years of life (BC.) | Board Duration (BC.) | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maccabees | |||||
| one. | Mattafia Hasmonay Matityahu Hashmonai | leader of the rebels | ? - 166 | 170 - 166 | |
| 2. | Judah Maccabee , son of Mattaphia Yehuda Maccabi | leader of the rebels | ? - 161 died | 166 - 161 | |
| Ethnarchs and High Priests of Judea | |||||
| one. | Jonathan , son of Mattaphia Jonathan bin Matityahu Hashmonai | high priest and ethnarch | ? - 143 died | 152 - 143 | laid the foundation for the Hasmonean high priestly dynasty |
| 2. | Simon , son of Mattaphia Shimon Bin Matityahu Hashmonai (Tassis) | high priest high priest and ethnarch | ? - 134 died | 143 - 140 140 - 134 | laid the foundation for the independent rule of the Hasmonean dynasty |
| 3. | John Hyrcanus I , son of Simon Yochanan Hyrcan | high priest and ethnarch | 134 - 104 | ||
| The kings and high priests of Judea | |||||
| four. | Aristobulus I , son of John Hyrcanus I Yehuda Aristobulus | king and high priest | ? - 103 | 104 - 103 | usurped the throne, laid the foundation for the royal Hasmonean dynasty |
| 5. | Alexander I Yannai , son of Hyrcanus I | king and high priest | 126 - 76 | 103 - 76 | |
| 6. | Salome Alexandra Schlomzion | queen | 139 - 67 | 76 - 67 | Aristobulus’s wife, later Alexander’s wife |
| 7. | Aristobulus II , son of Alexander Yannaya | king and high priest | ? - 49 died | 67 - 63 | last independent king of the Hasmonean dynasty |
| 63 BC e. - 6 n. e. vassal of Rome. | |||||
| 8. | John Hyrcanus II , son of Alexander Yannaya Yochanan Hyrcan | king ethnarch and high priest | 103 - 30 died | 65 63 - 40 | |
| Antipater the Edomite Antipater II | actually co-ruler Procurator of Judea | ? - 43 died | 63 - 47 47 - 43 | was appointed by Julius Caesar | |
| Alexander II , son of Aristobulus II | co-ruler | died | 56 - 48 | ||
| 40-37 BC e. tetrarchy (Judea section into four parts) | |||||
| 9. | Matthew Antigonus II , son of Aristobulus II Matityagu Antigonus | king and high priest | ? - 37? died | 40 - 37 | the last king of the Hasmonean dynasty |
| 10. | Aristobulus III | high priest | 36 | ||
Herodias (Dynasty of Herod ) (37 BC - 76 AD)
Capital up to 6 n. e. - Jerusalem , then - Caesarea Palestine
Herodias - the royal dynasty, which ruled under the auspices of Rome in Judea or on parts of its territory in 37 BC. e. - 76 A.D. e. The ancestor of the Herodiad dynasty was Herod I , the son of the Edomite Antipater , who became in 47 BC. e. ruler of Judea . Herod received in 37 BC e. from the Romans the royal title.
| Name in Russian. traditions Original Name | title | Years of life | Board Duration | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antipater the Edomite Antipater II | procurator of Judea | ? - 43 BC e. died | 47-43 BC e. | was appointed by Julius Caesar | |
| Fazail son of Antipater II Pecael | tetrarch of Samaria | 75-40 BC e. died | 43-40 BC e. | ||
| Feror , son of Antipater II | tetrarch Perey | 68-5 BC e. | 20-5 BC e. | ||
| Herod I , son of Antipater II Chordus | tetrarch of Galilee and Perey king of Judea , Edom, and Perea | 74-4 BC e. | 43-40 BC e. 40/37 - 4 BC e. | received the title of tetrarch from Mark Anthony ; in the year 40 declared king of Judea in the Roman Senate; at 37 conquered Jerusalem and became king of Judea | |
| Herod Archelaus , son of Herod I | ethnarch of Judea , Edom, and Samaria | 23 BC e. - 18 n. e. | 4 BC e. - 6 n. e. | was sent to exile in Gaul | |
| 6 n. e.: the Roman annexation of Jerusalem | |||||
| Herod Philip II , son of Herod I | tetrarch of Iturea and other northeastern regions: Trachonea, Batanei , Gavlanitida, Paneady and Avranitida (South Syria) | twenty? BC e. - 34 n. e. | 4 BC e. - 34 n. e. | ||
| Herod Antipas , son of Herod I | tetrarch of Galilee and Perey | 20 BC e. - after 39 n. e. | 4 BC e. - 39 n. e. | was sent to exile in Spain by emperor Caligula | |
| Agrippa I , son of Aristobulus , grandson of Herod I | tetrarch of Trachonea, Batanei, Avranitida and Abilene tetrarch of Galilee and Perey king of Judea and Samaria | 10 BC e. - 44 n. e. | 37–44 39-44 41–44 | became the successor of Herod Philip , Herod Antipas , and then the whole kingdom of Herod the Great | |
| Herod II (Chalcis) , son of Aristobulus Chordus Chalcedon | king of chalcis | 15 BC e. - 48 n. e. | 41–48 | ||
| [Mark Julius] Agrippa II , son of Agrippa I | king of chalcis ruler of Samaria King of Judea ( Galilee , Trachonea, Batan and Avranitida) | 28–96 | 49-54 48-76 53–91 | after the destruction of Judea in 70, retained power in northern Israel | |
| 70-395: Judea - Roman province | |||||
- 395-619, 629-640: Byzantine province.
- 619-629: Persian conquest.
- 640: Arab conquest.
The Roman rulers of Judea (6–66 CE)
Residence : Caesarea Palestine .
Prefects (6–41)
- Coponius (6-9).
- Mark Ambivius (9-12).
- Annius Rufus (12-15).
- Valery Grat (15-26).
- Pontius Pilate (26-36).
- Marcellus (prefect) (37).
- Marull (37–41).
Procurators (44–66)
- Cuspius Fad (44–46).
- Tiberius Julius Alexander (46-48).
- Ventidius Kuman (48-52)
- Marc Anthony Felix (52-59).
- Portion Fest (59–62).
- Luccei Albin (62–64).
- Hessius Florus (64–66)
died - Flavius Vespasian ( legate 66–69, emperor Vespasian 69–79).
- Titus Flavius Vespasian , son (legate 70, emperor Titus 79-81).
Proconsuls (70–395)
Residence : Caesarea Palestine .
The leaders of the Jewish revolts
Against Greece
The Maccabean revolt (167-142 BC)
- Mattafia Hasmoney (Matityagu)
- Judah Maccabee , son of Mattaphia
Against Rome
Uprising 66-73 n. e. ( Judean War I )
- Eleazar bin Anan (in Jerusalem 66–67)
died - Simon Bar-Giora (in Geraz 66–67, in Jerusalem 67–70)
died - Eleazar Bar Simon (in Edom, 66–70, in Masad 70–73)
died - John of Gishal (in Galilee 66–70)
died
- 70 - The Roman conquest and destruction of Jerusalem .
Uprising 132-135 N e. ( Judean War II )
- Simon Bar-Kokhba (“Son of the Star”) (in Jerusalem 132-135)
died - Eleazar of Modiin ( actually 132-134)
died
- 135 - Roman conquest and eviction of Jews from Judea.
Nashi (princes) ( 71 - 415 A.D.) Elders of the Jewish community in Palestine
Residence: Jamnia (Yavne), with 220 Sepphoris (Zipori), with 230 Tiberias (Tiberias).
- 1. Johanan ben Zakkai (71 - 80).
- 2. Gamaliel I (Gamliel ha-Zaken) (80 - c. 95) (98 - 115).
- 3. Eleazar bin Azariah (c. 95 - 98).
- 4. Shimon bin Gamliel , son of 2 (c. 115-165).
- 5. Yehuda I ha-Nasi , the son (c. 165-210).
- 6. Gamliel III , son (c. 210 - 30).
- 7. Yehuda II ha-Nasi , son (c. 230 - 70).
- 8. Gamliel IV , son (c. 270 - 90).
- 9. Yehuda III ha-Nasi , son (c. 290-320).
- 10. Hillel ben Yehud , son (c. 320 - 65).
- 11. Gamliel V , son (c. 365 - 85).
- 12. Yehuda IV ha-Nasi , son (c. 385-400).
- 13. Gamliel VI , son (c. 400 - 15, d. 426).
- OK. 415 disintegration of the community.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 1. Timeline - an article from the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia
- 2. "Chronology" . Jewish Encyclopedia.
- 3. "Rulers of the world: Chronological and genealogical tables on world history in 4 vols . " Compiled by V.V. Erlikhman. - M.: 2002.
- 2. "Chronology" . Jewish Encyclopedia.