Ivan Mikhailovich Grinokh ( Ukrainian: Ivan Mikhailovich Grinokh ; December 28, 1907 , p. Pavlov , Kamyanko-Strumilovskogo district, Galichina , Austria-Hungary - September 14, 1994 , Munich , Germany ) - Ukrainian theologian , public, political and religious figure, priest of the UGCC , chaplain , publicist .
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An active figure in the Ukrainian nationalist movement [1] , known under the pseudonyms Vsevolod, Gerasimivsky, Professor Priister, Danyliv, I. M. Nastasin, I. V. Dibrova, I. M. Kovalenko . Full member of the NTS .
Content
Biography
Born in with. Pavlov near Lviv . In 1909, his parents emigrated to the United States and settled in Philadelphia. In 1911, the family returned to their native village in Western Ukraine.
Received secondary education at the Lviv Academic Gymnasium . In 1926-1930 he studied theology at the Lviv Theological Academy . Then he continued his studies in Innsbruck , where he defended his doctoral dissertation "De ultima Metropoliae Halicensis restauratione 1806-1809" (in Latin). In 1932-1933 He studied at the Faculty of Philosophy in Innsbruck, studying Christian philosophy, psychology and sociology. Continued in 1933-1934. in Munich , while working at the Institute of Psychology, and Paris .
In September 1932 he was ordained by Metropolitan Andrei (Sheptytsky) . He taught philosophy and theology at the Theological Academy of Lviv. He was a parish priest in Galich . In 1935-1939 - chaplain of Lviv students, in 1939-1940. - Priest of St. George's Cathedral in Lviv.
From youth, an active figure in the Ukrainian national movement. In 1938, he was arrested by the Polish authorities and imprisoned in a concentration camp in Birch-Kartuzskaya . He was released after the defeat of the Polish Republic in September 1939 .
After the accession of Western Ukraine to the USSR in I. Grignoch fled to Krakow , where he was engaged in priestly activities and was actively involved in Ukrainian politics.
In June 1941 - member of the Ukrainian National Committee in Krakow.
After the outbreak of World War II, he became chaplain of a special unit ( battalion ) of the Nakhtigal Ukrainian Nationalists ' Team , formed mainly from members and supporters of the OUN (b) and trained by the military intelligence and counterintelligence agencies of Nazi Germany , abwehr , to act on the territory of the Ukrainian SSR as part of sabotage Brandenburg 800 units ( German: Lehrregiment "Brandenburg" zbV 800 ) during Operation Barbarossa . For service in the Nachtigall battalion received the German Iron Cross [2] .
At the time of the announcement of the Act of Proclamation of the Ukrainian State in Lviv on June 30, 1941, he was present as a representative of the Nachtigal battalion.
In 1942-1944 collaborated with the underground journal OUN (b) “Idea and Chin” ( Idea and Chin ). Since 1942 - Member of the Central Council of the OUN . In 1943-1944 he participated in the negotiations between representatives of the Polish Home Army and the UPA in Lviv.
Member of the Bandera wire in 1942-1943. A participant in the 3rd Great Conference of the OUN , which was held in Ukraine in 1943, was one of the initiators of the creation of the Ukrainian Main Liberation Council (Ukrainian UGVR) . In July 1944 he was elected its vice president.
In this post he performed diplomatic missions in negotiations with the Romanian and Hungarian governments.
From March to June 1944, on behalf of the UPA, he negotiated with the Germans on cooperation in the struggle against the USSR [3] [4] . During the negotiations, Grinoch demanded a meeting with the leader of Ukrainian nationalists Stepan Bandera , who was then in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp . After the start of the Soviet offensive (June-July 1944), the Germans took Grinokh to Berlin and gave him the opportunity to meet with Bandera [5] [6] .
He was sent to the West, through Prague, to Germany to establish contacts of the UPA with the command of the Allied forces. Settled in Munich. In 1950-1980 - the head of the Foreign Representation of the UGVR. At the same time, he headed the Society for Foreign Studies, founded the newspaper Suchasna Ukraine (Modern Ukraine), Ukrainian Literature, and the journal Suchasnost (Modernity).
In 1960, he was questioned by the prosecutor of West Germany as a witness in the case against T. Oberlander , and testified that he had not seen any anti-Semitic protests in Lviv during the 1941 pogrom .
Professor of the Ukrainian Free University in Munich , Ukrainian Catholic University in Rome (since 1963). The closest adviser to Metropolitan Joseph (Slipy) . In 1982, Metropolitan Joseph (Slipy) endowed him with the dignity of "patriarchal archimandrite ." He is an active supporter of giving the patriarchal status to the Primate of the UGCC (in 1975, he advocated the status of the Patriarch of Kiev-Galitsky and all of Rus-Ukraine Joseph).
Died near Munich. He was buried in a cemetery in Olifanti, Pennsylvania ( USA ), in a common family grave.
Notes
- ↑ D. Vedeneev. Atheists in uniforms. Soviet special services and the religious sphere of Ukraine
- ↑ Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe, Stepan Bandera: The Life and Afterlife of a Ukrainian Nationalist. Fascism, Genocide, and Cult , Stuttgart 2014, Ibidem Verlag, ISBN 978-3-8382-0604-2 , s. 320
- ↑ Denial of the participation of the OUN (b) in negotiations with the Nazis on a joint struggle with the Red Army
- ↑ Zarichny V. UPA: myths and realities
- ↑ Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe, Stepan Bandera: The Life and Afterlife ... , s. 284
- ↑ Grzegorz Motyka, Ukraińska partyzantka 1942-1960, Warszawa 2006, ISBN 83-88490-58-3 , s.232-234
Literature
- Grignoch Ivan. Encyclopedia of Ukrainian studies (in 10 volumes). T. 2. Paris-New York: ed. Molode Zhittya, 1954-1989, p. 438. (Ukrainian)
Links
- Grignoch Ivan Chronos
- 110 rock'v vid days of the birth of Fr. Ivan Grinyokha (Ukrainian)