List of magistrates eponyms of the Roman Republic

The list contains the names and dates of authority of the ancient Roman magistrates - eponyms of the Roman Republic: consuls , deputies , military tribunes with consular authority and dictators . Eponyms in Rome, obviously, were like dictators - four “dictatorial” years in the 4th century BC are known. e. and interrexes (from historical sources, however, only one such case is directly known ^[1] ). On the consuls of the era of the Empire, see the list of consuls of the Roman Empire .

In historiography there is a wide range of opinions on the nature and name of the higher magistracy at the initial stage of the formation of the Republic. Among the theories of the origin of the consular power, the two most widely used (with variations in the research of various antiquaries ). The theory of ordinary dictatorship suggests that first in Rome the highest magistracy was a single-year one-year dictatorship (by most opinions - until 449–450 BC), which was replaced by a consul tribune , which in turn transformed into a consulate (after the reforms of 367 BC.). Thus, extraordinary magistracies are considered as a stage in the formation of an ordinary higher collegial magistracy of consuls. According to the second theory, the first sixty years (until 449 BC. E.) Rome was governed by praetors (their number and functions also differ in different studies). It is widely believed that there were two of them, but they were not equal colleagues, the eldest bore the title of praetor maximus ^[2] .

This list contains the highest magistrates according to the classical ancient tradition.