Larry Lauden ( born Larry Laudan ; / ˈ l aʊ d ən / ; [3] ; born October 16, 1941 , Austin , Texas , USA ) is an American philosopher and epistemologist , an expert in the philosophy of science . He sharply criticized the traditions of positivism , realism and relativism , and defended the view of science as a progressive and privileged institution against social problems. The philosophical view of the “research traditions” of Laudan is viewed as an important alternative to the “research programs” of Imre Lakatos [4] .
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Biography
In 1962, he received a bachelor of arts degree in physics from the University of Kansas , as well as a master of arts degree from Princeton University and in 1965 a PhD in philosophy there.
For a long time he taught at University College London , Pittsburgh University , Virginia Polytechnic University , the University of Hawaii and the National Autonomous University of Mexico .
He is currently a lecturer at the University of Texas Law School [5] .
Scientific Activities
Laudan’s most important contribution to the philosophy of science can be found in his book Progress and its Problems (1977), written by him when he was a professor in the history and philosophy department of science at the University of Pittsburgh . Against the empiricism presented by Karl Popper and the “revolutionism” represented by Thomas Kuhn , Laudan argues in Progress and its Problems that science is an evolving process that accumulates more empirically confirmed evidence while at the same time solves conceptual anomalies. Merely collecting evidence or experiential evidence does not constitute the right mechanism for scientific progress; The conceptual solution and comparison of the solutions provided by various theories are an integral part of the development of science.
Laudan also wrote about risk management and terrorism . He argued that “Indignation and compassion are a suitable response to terrorism, but fear for oneself and one’s life is not. The risk that the average American will become a victim of terrorism is extremely small. ” [6]
In 1996, he wrote the book The Book of Risks (The Book of Risks), which describes the risks of various accidents .
Scientific Works
Monographs
- Berkeley: University of California Press., 1977. 257 p. ISBN 978-0-520-03721-2
- Science and Hypothesis , 1981.
- Science & Values: Aims of Science & Their Role in Scientific Debate . Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. 160 p. ISBN 978-0-520-05743-2
- Science and Relativism: Dialogues on the Philosophy of Science , 1990. ISBN 978-0-226-46949-2
- The Book of Risks , 1995.
- Beyond Positivism and Relativism: Theory, Method, and Evidence Boulder: Westview, 1996. ISBN 978-0-8133-2469-2
- Danger Ahead , 1997.
- Truth, Error and Criminal Law: An Essay in Legal Epistemology 2006.
Articles
- A Confutation of Convergent Realism // Philosophy of Science, 1981. 48 (1). P. 19-49. doi: 10.1086 / 288975
- Discussion: If It Ain't Broke, Don't Fix It // British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. 1989. 40 (3): 369-375. doi: 10.1093 / bjps / 40.3.369
- Normative Naturalism (reply to the preceding articles by Doppelt, Leplin, & Rosenberg) // Philosophy of Science. 1990. 57 (1): 44-59. doi: 10.1086 / 289530
Articles in Russian
- Laudan L. Science and values. - In the book: Modern philosophy of science: knowledge, rationality, values in the works of Western thinkers. Reader. - M., Logos, 1996. - 2nd ed. - 400 s. - Circulation 6,000 copies. - ISBN 5-88439-061-0 . - with. 295-342.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 139162364 // General Regulatory Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Laudan on Convergent Epistemic Realism
- ↑ Godfrey-Smith P. Theory and Reality , 2003, University of Chicago , ISBN 0-226-30062-5 , pp.102-121.
- ↑ Larry Laudan // The University of Texas at Austin
- ↑ Laudan, “Should We Be Afraid?”, In The Challenge of Terrorism: A Historical Reader
Literature
- Bonk T. (1997), "Review of Beyond Positivism and Relativism by Larry Laudan", Erkenntnis T. 47 (3): 415–417
- Gutting G. (March 1980), "Review of Progress and Larry Laudan", Erkenntnis T. 15 (1): 91–103