AzTV

Structure

In 1926, the People’s Commissariat of Posts and Telegraphs of the Azerbaijan SSR decided to launch radio in the republic, and in 1933 the Committee for Radioification and Broadcasting of the SNK of the Azerbaijan SSR was created.

In October 1957, television was removed from the Ministry of Culture, merged with the Radio Information Administration, and the State Committee for Radio and Television was established under the Council of Ministers of the AzSSR. In 1970, the committee was renamed the State Committee for Television and Radio, and in 1978 it was removed from the subordination of the Council of Ministers of the republic. On March 12, 1991, the State Radio and Television of the Azerbaijan SSR was transformed into the Azgosteleradiocompany. In June 2003, the Nakhichevan television was removed from the AzGTRK. In 2005, AzGTRK was transformed into Azerbaijan Television CJSC.

Start

In 1954, construction of the Baku television studio was started at one of the highest places in the city, at 1 Mehti Huseyn Street. Azerbaijani, Moscow and Leningrad builders participated in the construction and installation of the appropriate television equipment, and by the end of 1955 the studio was commissioned. Until mid-February 1956, the studio attempted to broadcast broadcasts. On February 14, 1956, Azerbaijani television began its constant broadcasting. The first full-fledged broadcast began with the words "Shows Baku!" (Göstərir Bakı!) From the lips of actress Najiba Melikova , after which the screening of the feature film " Favorite Song " began.

The Baku television studio went on air with two-hour programs twice, and later three times a week. For lack of personnel on television, television was invited to the staff of the radio, newspapers and theaters. The television program was created by television workers during meetings, and consisted of concerts, theatrical productions, feature films, speeches by labor leaders and news releases consisting of reading out news announcers from newspapers.

In 1957, Azerbaijani television increased the volume of broadcasts to 2 hours 20 minutes and began to appear 5 times a week. Since 1962, television has been broadcasting for 7 hours every day, from the 1970s - 10 hours, and in the 1980s it increased the volume of broadcasts to 18 hours a day.

Television broadcasts and television culture

In May 1956, on blue screens, viewers first saw Azerbaijani broadcasters. Among them were Tamara Gezalova, Nizami Mammadov, Naila Mehtibekova, Gultekin Jabbarly. Later, more and more professional announcers appeared in Azerbaijan - Roza Tagiyeva, Rafik Huseynov , Ofelya Sanani, Shargiya Huseynova, Natavan Hajiyeva, Sabir Aleskerov, Ijran Huseynov, Gulshan Akperova, Nargiz Dzhalilova, Tamilla Alekperova, Ulker Kulieva and others.

In the first years of the television broadcast, the programs “Portraits of Azerbaijani Composers”, “Literature and Art”, “Classics of Azerbaijani Literature”, “Outstanding Stage Masters”, “In Theaters and Concert Salons of Baku”, “People’s Squad” and others were broadcast.

Since 1958, the share of journalistic programs on the air has increased. And since the beginning of the 1960s, in connection with the improvement of the technical support of TV, the variety of television programs began to grow. Since April 1960, the latest news issue, 5 times a week, has been broadcast on air. Since 1967, viewers have seen on their screens the new news show "Screen of the Day" (with that name was shown until 1991).

On December 31, 1960, the New Year program "Together with You" was shown on television. The first New Year’s program was broadcast live for two hours, the program featured interviews, congratulations, performances, stories from several enterprises and songs by popular artists. The author of the idea and the main director of the program was Kerim Karimov, and the lead was actor Movsun Sanani .

By the end of the 1970s, such programs as “Man and the Law”, “Humorous Novels”, “For You, Parents”, “Schoolchildren's Dance Salon”, and “Health” appeared on TV. More and more attention was paid to popular science programs. By 1988, there were about 50 television programs on Azerbaijani television. Among them were the popular “Morning Meetings”, “Journey to the World of Comedy”, “Wave”, “Nature Lovers”, “Science and Life”, “Evening of Mugams” and “Evening of Dastans”.

The program "Morning Meetings" was first aired on April 4, 1976, and then aired every Sunday morning; won the viewer's love for musical numbers, theatrical performances shown in the program.

The television program "Journey into the World of Comedy" has become a school for many young actors, since it was here that many of them began their career.

The infotainment program "Volna" was developed by the television journalist Ilgar Kasumov in the Youth Edition of Azerbaijan Television as a local analogue of the "Vzglyad" program, and aired for the first time on December 28, 1987. The program came out every Friday, dealt with acute social and domestic problems of the inhabitants of Azerbaijan, raised important issues; in 1991 it was closed due to a conflict with the leadership.

In the 1980s, an edition of sports programs was created on Azerbaijani television. Since then, a new school of football commentators has appeared on local television, whose prominent representatives are Chingiz Ismailov, Aydin Aliyev, Akshin Kyazim-zade. In addition, the sports editorial office organized a television show "Chess Club" and "Morning Gymnastics"; the latter invited various gymnastic groups to perform exercises to the accompaniment of pianists Gyulara Aliyeva and Zaur Rzayev.

TV

In July 1956, several episodes from the film adaptation of the play by Nariman Narimanov "Shamdan-bek" (director - Rauf Kyazimovsky) were shown on the air. Later, the audience was presented with such productions as the play “You are Beautiful” by Maharram Aliyev, the play “Falcon Nest” by Suleiman Sani Akhundov , the novel “Morning” by Mehti Huseyn .

In the mid-1960s, the Shelal television theater was created under Azerbaijani television. A number of talented directors worked in the television theater: Adil Iskenderov , Maharram Gashumov, Rauf Kyazimovsky, Agali Dadashev, Arif Babaev , Kamil Rustambekov and others. In 1970-80, they were joined by Buniyat Mammadov, Ramiz Mirzoev (Hasan-oglu), Tariel Veliyev.

The performances of the television theater were very popular with the viewer.

In 1993, to develop the culture of the television theater, under the leadership of Ramiz Hasan-oglu, the creative association "Sabah" was created, which in the first years produced a large number of adaptations of a work of Azerbaijani literature. However, in 2003, the creative association ceased its work.

Technical equipment

In 1956, when television began to operate, there were no television towers for broadcasting, and therefore TV workers were forced to use a 44-meter oil rig as a transmitter. In 1957, a new television tower, 180 meters high, was commissioned. In 1957-60, the broadcasts of the Baku television studio could be watched only in Baku and its environs. In 1960, the Baku-Akstafa radio relay line was put into operation, which allowed in 1961 to build powerful television stations in Kirovabad , Shusha and Geokchay . In 1962, a new station was opened in Nakhichevan , but on March 12, 1963, it was transformed into a Nakhichevan television studio, which allowed residents of the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic to watch local programs. On January 31, 1964, residents of Azerbaijan were able to see programs from Moscow for the first time. By 1970, RTS were built in Pushkino and Jalilabad , which allowed residents of southeastern regions of Azerbaijan to also receive programs from Baku and Moscow. To increase the working hours of television, improve coverage and introduce modern technologies for Azerbaijan television, the construction of a new television tower was required, which began in 1979 and for some reason was stopped in 1985.

Until September 2, 1956, there were up to 100 feature films on Azerbaijani television. Baku People could also watch the television magazines "Soviet Azerbaijan", "Science and Technology", "Foreign Chronicle" and others. In the early years, the Baku studio consisted of two rooms of 30 square meters each. The first was organized for showing films, and the second - for performances by announcers and musicians. In the studio there were only three cameras, one of them was intended for the announcer or speaker, the other two for the movie. On June 9, 1957, a football match was first shown on TV from the Republican Stadium, and was hosted by radio journalist Valid Sanani. Since July 1957, broadcasts were conducted from the Baku Philharmonic, the Opera and Ballet Theater, and the Drama Theater. The appearance of the KMZI-4 video recording equipment on Azerbaijani television in 1965 made it possible to broadcast programs in recordings, and in 1970, reports began to be recorded on informational programs on a 16 mm movie camera. The purchase in 1971 of the KADR-2 video recorder made it possible to assemble the programs before broadcasting. In 1972, the first attempt was made to broadcast color television broadcasts, and since 1973 color broadcasts were broadcast regularly. Since the mid-1970s, the KADR-ZR video system has been used on republican television, and since the early 1980s, modern video equipment has been used. In 1985, Azerbaijani television reached the 4th place in terms of technical equipment and the number of programs in the USSR (after I , II, and Ukrainian TV programs ).

By 1986, the number of repeaters exceeded 100, and a new October studio was opened.

By 1988, 98.8% of the population of the Azerbaijan SSR had the opportunity to watch broadcasts of Azerbaijani television.

1988-1996

Since the beginning of the Karabakh conflict, Azerbaijani television could not build its information policy. A small note about the "current situation in the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region" was shown only 10 days after the continuous rallies in Stepanakert.

Later, Azerbaijani television, contrary to the will of the Central Committee of the CPA, began broadcasting speeches on Lenin Square , but it was soon stopped. On January 19, 1990, a warning about the introduction of an emergency and the introduction of troops in Baku should be shown on television, however, on the same day, at 19:26, the power unit of the Azerbaijani television was blown up, the television center was de-energized, the population was not informed of upcoming events. It was only possible to restore the broadcasting of the republican television on January 28, and it began with the announcement by the announcer Rafik Huseynov about the death of 138 civilians as a result of events in the capital of the republic .

Subsequently, until September 1991, the air was subjected to strict censorship and the program of television programs was previously agreed with the military censor from Moscow.

On November 20, 1991, in a Mi-8 helicopter shot down near the village of Karakend, the Mi-8 helicopter killed AzTV journalist Aly Mustafayev , cameraman Fakhraddin Shahbazov and illuminator Arif Huseynzade.

With the complication of the socio-political situation in the country, the changes significantly affected the only television channel in the country. The news program "Screen of the Day" was closed, instead of which the 24-hour television program began to appear, the 215 KL presents television program appeared with journalist Chingiz Mustafayev . Due to the abrupt change of power in the country, a change in personnel and on television began - for 5 months of 1992, 4 managers were replaced by the Azerbaijan State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company.

AzTV played an important role in reporting in 1993-95. During the insurrection of Suret Huseynov , the events in Lankaran , the uprising of the OPON , Heydar Aliyev through television called on the people to "restore justice." The sessions of the Supreme Council were regularly broadcast.

Modernity

On June 7, 1996, the Baku TV Tower was commissioned. In the same year, the second program of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (AzTV 2) was launched on the channel’s frequency, broadcasting its broadcasts from 18:00 to 00:00 (existed until 2005).

Since February 2004, thanks to the installation of the TV-Up-link digital station on the Baku TV tower, residents of Europe ( HotBird , SESAT ), Asia ( Turksat 1C ) and North America ( Galaxy 25 ) can watch AzTV.

Since January 2005, the channel has been broadcasting around the clock.

On June 15, 2007, AzTV was admitted to the European Broadcasting Union , but there is no active cooperation between the channel and the European Broadcasting Union.

On November 6, 2013, the television channel switched to a 16: 9 broadcast format. Since February 5, 2018, it began broadcasting in HD .

Coverage of AzTV for 2018 is 99.96% of the entire territory of the republic.

• Studio of information programs . The director is Rufet Gamzaev. It produces the news release “News”, which is published 10 times a day (7 issues in Azerbaijani, 1 issue in Russian, 2 issues in English). There are correspondent points in Turkey, North America, Russia, Iran, Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan and Central Asia, China and East Asia, Western Europe.
• Editors of socio-political programs . The chief editor is the Bayramov Server. He produces informational and analytical programs “Pulse of the Day”, “Week”, “Our Planet”, “Rural Hour” and the socio-political talk show “The Main Question”.
• The editors of literary and dramatic programs . The chief editor is Azer Gismat. Produces programs “Citizen”, “Kobustan”, “Eternal Monuments”, “News of the Time”.
• Editors of music and entertainment programs . The chief editor is Ikmet Shakhbazov. Produces programs “Mejlisi-Uns”, “Memories”, “Musical treasure” and concert programs.
• Education editors . The chief editor is Sevinj Mutallibova. He produces the programs “Gardening”, “History of Azerbaijan”, “In the light of enlightenment”, “World of interests”, “Song of flowers”, “Free conversation”, “Mother tongue”, “Cinema chronicle”.
• Edition of programs for children and youth . The editor-in-chief is Shamsia Fargad-kizi. Produces the programs “And I was a child”, “After lessons”, “Contact point”, “Student’s world”, “Modern youth of Azerbaijan”, “Hearth of art”, talk show “Debate of generations”, intellectual competition “I am Azerbaijani” .
• Revision of military patriotism . The chief editor is Telman Nazarli. Produces the program "Serving the Republic of Azerbaijan".
• Edition of the music and information program "Teleutro" . The chief editor is Najiba Alikhanova. Produces the program "Teleutro", which is released every morning from 8:15 to 11:00.
• Creative Association "Aztefilm" . Director - Ramiz Hasan-oglu. Effective since 1959. In 1968-1973 - PTO "Screen", in 1973-1977 - TO Aztelefilm, in 1977-1992 - the main editorial board of programs on tapes. Produces films of various genres. Over 60 years of work, the creative association has produced a total of films more than 1,500 hours.
• Recording House of Azerbaijan Television and Radio . The director and artistic director is Kahraman Kuliev, the chief sound engineer is Faik Babaev. At the Recording House, the following groups are active:
  • Honored Collective of Azerbaijan SSR Seid Rustamov Orchestra of Folk Instruments
  • Niyazi State Symphony Orchestra
  • Choir named after Dzhangir Dzhangirov
  • Tofig Akhmedov Variety Symphony Orchestra
  • Children's Benovshe Choir named after Afsar Javanshirov
  • The ensemble of folk instruments "Khatira" named after Akhsan Dadashev
  • Ensemble of folk instruments named after Akhmed Bakikhanov
  • Instrumental ensemble "Gaitagi"
  • VIA Sevil named after Vagif Mustafa-zade
  • Children's musical theater

Books

• TV sәnәti // Azәrbaјҹan Council of the Ensiklopediasy / Ch. B. Guliјev . - Bucky: Azәrbaјҹan Council of the Encyclopedi 198asy, 1986. - T. IX :ild: Sputnik - Fronton. - S. 191-192. (azerb.)
• Television and Verilyshi // Azјҹrbaјҹan Council of the Encyclopediases / Ch. B. Guliјev . - Bucky: Azәrbaјҹan Council of the Encyclopedi 198asy, 1986. - T. IX :ild: Sputnik - Fronton. - S. 190. (azerb.)
• Rүstәm Әзизов. TV ј Katymyzda. - Bucky: Bilik ҹәmiјјәti, 1988 .-- 83 p. (azerb.)
• The national economy of the Azerbaijan SSR in 1988. - Baku: Azerneshr, 1990.

Articles

• Zümrüd. Azərbaycan televiziyası - 60 // Səs: qəzet. - 2016. - November.
• Xudiyev Nizami. Azərbaycan xalqının milli kimliyini dünya xalqlarına çatdıran lider // Səs: qəzet. - 2014 .-- May 8. - S. 8-9 .