Goryainovka (Saratov Region)

It was founded in 1752 . The name of the village was given by the name of the founder of the actual state adviser Alexander Andreevich Goryainov, who resettled his serfs from Yaroslavl and the Tambov province to the lands given to him by the Empress Elizabeth (according to other sources, the first inhabitants arrived from Rostov the Great and Ryazan province ). By the name of the founder, the village was also known as Aleksandrovskoe. In 1824 A.A. was consecrated in Goryainovka. Goryainova Orthodox Church ^[3]

According to information for 1859, the List of Populated Places of the Russian Empire is referred to as the owner village of Goryainovka (also known as Aleksandrovskoye), located on the Sterich River between the Volga and Khvalynsky tracts at a distance of 51 versts from the county town . The village belonged to the Nikolaev district of the Samara province . In the settlement lived 227 men and 248 women, there was an Orthodox church ^[4] .

After the peasant reform, Goryainovka became a volost village of the Goryainov volost. In 1887, a one-class parish school for boys opened in the village ^[3] . According to the List of Populated Places of the Samara Province, according to information for 1889, there were 148 yards in the village, 988 residents, Russians of the Orthodox faith, lived. The land allotment was 1295 acres of comfortable and 65 acres of uncomfortable land, there was a church, parish school, parish board, 6 windmills ^[5] . According to the census of 1897, 997 inhabitants lived in the village, all Orthodox ^[6] .

According to the List of Populated Places of the Samara Province of 1910, 810 men and 777 women lived in Goryainovka, in the village there was a church, parish school, rural municipality board , zemstvo station, apartment of the police officer , a paramedic worked ^[7] . In 1913 a zemstvo school was opened. In the 1910s, at the expense of the owners, premises for oil engines were added to the two windmills that existed in the village in the 1910s ^[3] .

At the beginning of 1918 in Goryainovka a Red Guard detachment of 600 bayonets was created. On August 28 of the same year, in the village, the battle of the Reds and the Whites took place. In 1921, the Goryainov volost became part of the Balakovo district . In 1926, Goryainovka administratively belonged to the Nikolayev volost of the Pugachev district. In the village at that time there were 212 households, 539 men and 622 women lived. In 1929, the collective farm "Path to Socialism" was formed in Goryainovka. In 1930, the local school became seven years old. During this period, the church was closed and subsequently destroyed ^[3] .

On the fronts of World War II , 279 residents of Goryainovka died. In 1983, the Way to Socialism collective farm was renamed the Way to Communism collective farm. In 1986, the local school, which was eight years old since 1961, was reorganized into a secondary school ^[3] .

The village is located in the Trans-Volga region , at the gulf of the Saratov reservoir , formed in the lower reaches of the Sterekh River, at an altitude of about 35 meters above sea level ^[8] . The soils are southern chernozems ^[9] .

The village is located about 21 km in a straight line in a southerly direction from the district center of the village of Duhovnitskoye . By road, the distance to the regional center is 29 km, to the city of Balakovo - 75 km, to the regional center of the city of Saratov - 230 km, to Samara - 250 km ^[10] .

Timezone

Population dynamics by years:

National composition

According to the 2002 census, Russians made up 91% of the village population ^[12] .