Justin Ignatievich Garnishevsky ( July 6, 1852 , the village of Gorchichnaya , Podolsk province , Russian Empire - 1920 , Kiev , Ukrainian SSR ) - Russian military leader, politician, major general . Member of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 , the Russo-Japanese and World War I. Commander of the 313rd Infantry Balashov Regiment , commander of the battalion of the 129th Infantry Regiment of Bessarabia .

Justin Ignatievich Garnishevsky
Major General Justin Ignatievich Garnishevsky with his wife Sofia Alekseevna, 1910s.
Date of Birth	July 6, 1852 ( 1852-07-06 )
Place of Birth	Russian Empire , Podolsk province
Date of death	1920 ( 1920 )
A place of death	Kiev , Ukrainian SSR
Affiliation	Russian empire
Type of army	infantry
Years of service	1875 - 1910 , 1914 - 1915
Rank	major general
Commanded	313 Infantry Balashovsky Regiment
Awards and prizes

Origin

Born in the family of an Orthodox priest, rector of the St. Dmitrievsky church in the village of Gorchnicha, Ushitsky district, Podolsk province, Ignatius Savvich Garnishevsky ( 1818 - 1902 ) and his wife Anna Ivanovna. Hereditary nobleman of the Podolsk province ^{[1] [2]} , a native of the Polish gentry clan Garnishevsky ^[3] . Grandfather Savva Pavlovich was the rector of the church in the village of Udrievtsy of Kamenetz-Podolsky district , great-grandfather Pavel was the rector of the church in the village of Lyulinetsy of Litinsky district .

Education and Career

He received his home education, then graduated from the Kiev infantry cadet school in II category.

Lieutenant Colonel Justin Garnishevsky in Manchuria, 1904-1905

During the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878 he served in the Ruschuk detachment, later in Silistra and Varna . In the Russo-Japanese War he was sent from regiment officers to the front. He commanded the 21st East Siberian Rifle Regiment, fought at Wafangou , on the Dalin position ^[4] , participated in battles near Yanzelin ^[5] and Tsofantun position ^[6] , in the battle of Mukden and on the Chagushan heights ^[7] . For military merits, he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree and the rank of colonel .

The main military service took place in the 129th Bessarabian infantry, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich regiment, commanded the 1st battalion, was a member of the regimental officer court of honor. He participated in the suppression of the First Russian Revolution.

In 1910 he retired with the title of Major General. He was engaged in social activities, after the well-known case of Beilis, he was a member of the Committee on the construction of a church in Kiev on the grave of Andrei Yushchinsky ^[8] .

During the First World War, Justin Garnishevsky was summoned from his post and appointed commander of the 313rd Infantry Balashov Regiment. Under his leadership, at the end of 1914 - the first months of 1915, as part of the North-Western Front, the regiment participated in bloody battles on the Bzur River and near the village of Kamion, known as the “battle on four rivers”, ending for Russia with the loss of about 200 thousand soldiers and officers killed and a retreat in Poland ^[9] . The general was twice shell-shocked on January 11 and 20, 1915 and wounded on January 15 , but remained in service and continued to command the regiment ^[10] . In March 1915, due to health reasons, he was dismissed a second time.

He lived in Kiev on Lvovskaya street in the house number 76. He was a member of the board of the Kiev department of the Union of Russian people . November 23, 1915 participated from the Kiev monarchists in the All-Russian meeting of monarchists in Petrograd ^[11] .

He died in 1920 in Kiev under unclear circumstances after the occupation of the Red Army by his troops. He was buried at the Lukyanovsky cemetery .

Family

Married to the daughter of a college registrar, hereditary noblewoman Sofia Alekseevna Yaskevich ( 1860 - 1921 ). Children:

• Boris (April 28, 1882 - 1939), colonel of artillery (1917), participant in the Russian-Japanese, First World and Civil Wars , commanded an artillery regiment in the army of Hetman Pavel Skoropadsky , served in the 7th Infantry Division of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia , participated in the retreat from Odessa (Bredovskoy campaign). He remained in the USSR, repressed, twice sentenced for 10 years in labor camps for anti-Soviet agitation, served his sentence in the Gulag on Vyatka, in Dmitrovlag , on the White Sea Canal , where he died.
• Nikolay (April 11, 1883 - after 1930), college assessor, secretary of the Kiev Chamber of Criminal Cases ^[12]
• Leonid (August 9, 1884 - after 1920), began serving in the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment , captain of the Separate Border Guard Corps ^[13] , subsequently lieutenant colonel, participant in the First World and Civil Wars, served as a centurion in the army of the Ukrainian People’s Republic , in exile in Czechoslovakia ^{[14] [15]} .
• Raisa (January 27, 1886 - October 6, 1960), married to a topographer, Lieutenant Colonel Mercury Zosimovich Lepilkin ( 1875 - 1938 ) ^{[16] [17]} , a participant in the First World War, in the Civil War in the Skoropadsky Army
• Dmitry (September 5, 1887 - after 1915), lieutenant of the Life Guards Pavlovsky Regiment , poet, journalist, published in the journal Rodina , went missing February 25, 1915 ^[18]
• Natalia (November 17, 1888 - March 23, 1944), married to Staff Captain Vasily Kalenichenko
• Adrian November 26, 1889 - October 11, 1914), a member of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society, lieutenant of the 129th Bessarabian Infantry Regiment, was killed during the First World War in a battle near the village of Bukovinka ^[19]

Granddaughter Ariadna Merkuryevna Lepilkina wife of the Deputy Minister of Shipbuilding of the USSR Anatoly Nikolayevich Demyanovich .

Rewards

Among other awards he had: the Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree with swords (1904), the Order of St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree with swords and a bow (1878), the Order of St. Stanislav of the 2nd degree (1896), the Order of St. Vladimir 4th degrees (1901) ^[20] , light bronze medal In memory of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 - 1878. , silver medal In memory of the reign of Emperor Alexander III .