Zhu Yunming (祝允明, 1460 - 1526 ) - Chinese calligrapher , writer , poet of the Ming Dynasty .
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Content
Biography
Born in 1460 in the city of Suzhou ( Jiangsu Province). He came from a noble family. From birth, was shortsighted, had 6 fingers. His talent was manifested in everything. At 5 years old he wrote large hieroglyphs, and at nine years old, along with adults, he composed poems. At the same age, he already knew the main body of classical texts by heart. Zhu Yunming studied calligraphy with his maternal grandfather, Xu Yuzheng, an official and a calligrapher, known for his works in Tsaoshu. His other mentor was Li Yingzhen's father-in-law. Zhu Junmin's list of calligraphic training included all the main names in the history of Chinese calligraphy, so he was called the "scholar of calligraphy." At a young age he was recognized as one of the best calligraphers of his time. Being passionate and passionate, Zhu Yunming lived in a big way. He neglected the career of an official and realized himself only in art. Having squandered a considerable fortune on gambling and women, Zhu Yunming ended his life in poverty and disease, having died in 1526.
Creativity
Specialized in small format. His works in the charter are noteworthy in that they demonstrate a combination of many styles, but in such a way that none of them dominates the other. In cursive writing, Zhu Yunming worked in three manners at the same time. The first option is characterized by archaic simplicity, the columns of hieroglyphs are neat and compact. This corresponds to the Zhangzao style, but the calligrapher further enhances the clarity of the composition and the clarity of risks, while maintaining the high dynamics of their plastics. Thus, he, as it were, introduces the charter method into cursive writing. The second option dates back to a harmonious and measured cursive of the period of the Jin Dynasty. The charter structure in this case is absent and the cursive writing unfolds in its purest form. The third option corresponds to kuanzao. In this cursive, Zhu Yunming usually wrote in large format. Connoisseurs characterized his works as “cursive of spiritual triumph” (Cao and Shenshen). Cursive Zhu Junmin energetic, vibrant, impetuous.
Zhu Yunming in his essay “Reflections on Calligraphy” (Lunshuti) noted that if one has “mastery (gong), but without“ heavenly qualities ”(tianxing), then spirituality (shenzi) will not appear. If you have "heavenly properties", but do not possess mastery, then spirituality is not realized. "
Notes
Sources
- Ch'en Chih-mai. Chinese Calligraphers and their Art. Melbourne, 1966.
- Ho Chuan-Hsing, “Zhu Yunming (died 1527), calligrapher, scholar, essayist, poet”, notice du Grove Art Online , lire en ligne , ISBN 9781884446054
- (en) Extrait de la notice de Zhu Yunming [archive] dans le dictionnaire Bénézit sur le site Oxford Index. 2006, ( ISBN 9780199773787 )