Shmakovo (Vargashinsky district)

Shmakovo is located on the banks of the Suery River, the height of the center of the village above sea level is 67.8 m ^[3] . Transport communication is carried out on the regional road 37N-0311 Ural - Shastovo - Shmakovo ^[4] .

Time Zone

Archaeological site

The burial mound "Shmakovo-1" (VII century BC. - III century BC. E.) is located 0.5 km east of the village of Shmakovo.

Pre-Revolutionary History

The village was founded around 1685, although it was first marked on the map of 1697 and was assigned to the Ust-Suersky settlement of the Tobolsk district of the Siberian province . Since 1720, the village was included in the Yalutorovsky district of the Tobolsk province . After the construction of the church, Shmakova received the status of a village, and, until the middle of the 18th century, it had wooden fortifications as a border point.

The Vedomosti of the Yalutorovsky District of the Ust-Suerskaya Sloboda dated February 8, 1749 indicates that in the village of Shmakovsky there are 34 yards, in which peasants, men aged 18 to 50 years old - 42 people, they had 3 firearms (Dmitry Kaplin, Vasily Cherdantsov, Pavel Svalov) and 1 musket (with Fedor Mosin).

In 1782 with. Shmakovskoye became the center of the Shmakovsky volost of the Kurgan district of the Tobolsk province .

At the end of the XVIII century. An annual auction was held on October 1, dedicated to the feast day of the Protection of the Holy Virgin. By the end of the 1840s. two more Torzhoks were added to it: Voznesensky and Blagoveshchensky. The latter by the end of the 1860s. It was transformed into the Annunciation Fair, which was held from March 24 to 27. By the end of the XIX century. the auction on the day of the Ascension of the Lord was probably abolished, and the Annunciation Fair was postponed to March 19–25.

During the Civil War

In June 1918, the White Guard authority was established.

On August 22, 1919, the red 270th Beloretsky regiment attacked the crossing near the village of Peshnaya (Peschanaya). Here, two companies of the White 1st Krasnoufimsky Regiment and one hundred of the 5th Siberian Cossack Regiment occupied the defense. North of them, up to the village of Pamyatnoye, there was a white 14th Irtysh regiment (300 bayonets) with equestrian intelligence teams allocated from the remaining regiments of the division. Opposite the village, the 4th Siberian Jäger Battalion occupied a memorable position. The rest of the White 4th Siberian Division, by order of the General G.A. Verzhbitsky , have already begun to retreat to the rear to dd. Schukino and Borodino. The Red Army soldiers crossing the Tobol 270th Beloretsky regiment went to the rear defending the battalion of the 14th Irtysh regiment (70 bayonets), defending on the left flank, occupying positions south of the village of Rechkino, right up to the bend of the river near the village of Peshnoye (Peschanoe). Having lost in battle 1 soldier, wounded 1 officer and 8 soldiers, 4 soldiers missing, the battalion of the 14th Irtysh regiment made its way to the village of Petukhovo (Petukhovskoye), where it took up a position along the eastern bank of the river Suryer near the village of Novodostovalovo. Upon learning of the breakthrough of the front and the exposure of the left flank, from the village of Rechkino, other battalions of the 14th Irtysh regiment began to withdraw with battle. Under the pressure of the Reds, after an hour and a half battle, the white 14th Irtysh regiment left the village of Petukhovo and moved to the village of Shirokovo and the village of. Shmakovskoe. On the offensive, the Red Army successively passed dd. Novodostovalovo, Kaparullina and Peschanoe. About 18 hours to the positions of white near the village. Shmakovskoye from the north of the village of Zvereva, a red reconnaissance of 30 sabers came out. Fired by mounted scouts of the 13th Omsk Regiment, the Red Army retreated. On August 24, 1919, the general retreat of the White forces of the 2nd Army of General N.A. Lokhvitsky on the whole front. On August 24, 1919, the white 14th Irtysh Regiment handed over its positions at the village of Shirokovo to the 3rd Siberian Cossack Regiment, which succeeded it, and moved east. In the morning of August 24, 1919, the red 268th Ural Regiment came out from the village. Romanovo, upstream of the river Sure. Four hundred of the 3rd Siberian Cossack Regiment had stubborn resistance. Having knocked them down, the red 268th Ural Regiment occupied the village of Shirokovo and s. Shmakovskoe, having lost 1 killed and 12 wounded. Retreating, two hundred of the 3rd Siberian Cossack Regiment took up defense near the village of Sekisovo, another 2.5 hundred began to withdraw to the headquarters of the division in Terpugovo, and one platoon went to the village of B. Shmakovo, to maintain communication with the regiments of the Consolidated Siberian divisions. Developing its offensive, in the evening, after a 3-hour battle, the Red Army men of the 268th Ural Regiment knocked out a hundred white 3rd Siberian Cossack Regiment, who lost 1 Cossack wounded from the village of Sekisova, forcing them to withdraw to the village of Volosnikovo ^[6] .

On September 1, 1919, the last major offensive operation of the Russian Army of Admiral A.V. Kolchak began. September 28, 1919, units of the 30th Red Division retreated along the entire front. At the site of the 3rd brigade of Broca, the 268th Ural Regiment retreated to the dd. Bol and Mal. Shmakovo, 269th Epiphany Arkhangelsk Regiment - to the dd. Oshurkovo and Krutikha, and the 270th Beloretsky regiment - on the road from the village of Krutikha to the village. Golopupovo (Petropavlovka). The White 14th Ufa Regiment and the approaching units of the Yekaterinburg division began to advance on the village of Molotovo. To withdraw his units from under a deep flank strike, the brigade commander Gryaznov ordered the retreat to begin. The first left the village of Molotovo and the withdrawal of the 263rd Krasnoufimsky regiment began. He had to cover the rear roads for the retreat of other regiments of the brigade. For this, the 3rd battalion and squadron of the 2nd Ural cavalry division were sent along the road to the village of Baitovo, and the 2nd battalion withdrew and stopped 4-5 kilometers along the road to the village. Shmakovskoe. Here, the 2nd battalion was attacked by the white cavalry pursuing him (3 squadrons), but the Red Army men stood firmly, blocking the road for the retreat of their comrades departing from the village. Verkhnesuersky down the river Surye on with. Shmakovskoe. Under the onslaught, the 2nd battalion slowly departed along the road from the village of Molotovo to s. Shmakovskoe. It was impossible to stop and strengthen because of the wooded area, since white cavalry constantly surrounded the battalion from the flanks. In connection with the critical situation prevailing with. Shmakovskoye, where the white cavalry stubbornly broke through, the red 264th Verkhneuralsky regiment transferred its position to the village. Verkhnesuerskoye to the neighboring 268th regiment, after which he hurriedly stepped out on the road to s. Shmakovskoe. September 30, 1919, on the site of the 3rd Brigade, the red 268th Ural Regiment was replaced by the 264th Regiment near the village. Shmakovskoe. The Red 269th Epiphany Arkhangelsk Regiment took up positions at the dd. Bol.and Mal. Shmakovo ^[7] .

October 1, 1919 the white artillery opened fire on the village. Shmakovsky from 2-3 three-inch guns. Under the threat of encirclement, the 268th Ural Regiment (commander Khlebutin and Commissar Smolin: 75 commanders and 2,396 soldiers, including 1,663 bayonets, 22 machine guns and 169 sabers) took off and began to retreat down the river, on the road to the village. Ust-Suerskoye. On October 2, the red 268th Ural Regiment moved to s. Shmakovskoe. The next 1st battalion at the forefront occupied the village, knocking out a white outpost from it, but then, an erupted white cavalry surrounded the 2nd battalion of the 268th Ural Regiment. The 3rd battalion sent to help him did not have time to come to support in time, as he, in turn, was bypassed by white cavalry. By noon, the 1st battalion of the 268th Ural Regiment withdrew from the village. Shmakovskoe at a position east of the village of Pukhovaya. Soon the 3rd battalion and one of the companies of the 2nd battalion left the encirclement. On October 3, the 268th Ural Regiment fought all day with the advancing whites near the village of Pukhovoy. The losses of the red 268th Ural Regiment in this battle amounted to 173 killed and wounded, and 2 machine guns were also destroyed. On October 4, the red 268th Ural Regiment went on the offensive; in the evening they came close to s. Shmakovskoe. In the morning of October 5, the regiment entered the village. Shmakovskoye and began to fight up the river. Sure, discarding the white Krasnoufimsk-Zlatoust brigade and the Yekaterinburg division. By evening, the Red Army occupied dd. Sekisovo, Shestovo, Suslovo. The small white infantry retreated to s. Verkhnesuerskoe. On October 7, the white infantry of the Yekaterinburg division, together with 4 squadrons of the Ufa cavalry division, with the support of the fire of 4 three-inch guns, began to advance on the left flank of the red 268th Ural Regiment near the village of Volosnikovo. After two hours of battle, several white attacks were repelled, and the white infantry retreated to the village of Plotnikov. On the night of October 9, two companies of the 268th Ural Regiment marched on the village of Plotnikovo, but 1.5 kilometers from it stumbled upon a white horse outpost, knocking down which they pursued her to the village. Here they fought for an hour with the approaching white cavalry, and then the white galloped away. According to the residents, in the village was the Ufa hussar cavalry regiment with 3 machine guns. In battle, 2 Red Army soldiers were injured. On October 12, the White 1st Siberian Cossack Division, with the support of artillery fire, began to advance on the position of the red 268th Ural Regiment near the village. Shmakovskoe, but was repulsed and moved to the edge of the forest in the trenches 500 meters from the position of the Reds ^[8] .

On October 14, 1919, to help the advance of the 1st Brigade, one of the companies of the red 268th Ural Regiment was deported with a platoon of cavalry along the road from the village. Shmakovskoe on the village of Molotovo. After passing 4-5 kilometers, the red scouts encountered 2 hundreds of the 1st Siberian Cossack Division, with whom they started a shootout and moved back to their regiment. October 16, white artillery fired 8 shells at s. Shmakovsky. On October 18, units of the Red 30th Division were ordered to go on a decisive offensive. The White 12th Ural Jäger Battalion, after a three-hour battle with the advancing one from s. Shmakovskoe red 268th Ural Regiment, by noon was shot down from its trenches 1.5 kilometers south of the village. Shmakovskoe and walked 1 kilometer along the road to the village of Molotovo. The Reds, leading the battle, occupied the village of Plotnikovo and reached the northern edge of the forest, which is southeast of the village, capturing the communications chief of the 12th Ural Jaeger battalion, Ensign Alexei Nikolayevich Bulanov and 49 soldiers. At night, the red 268th Ural Regiment left the village of Plotnikovo and left the river. Sure. October 20, one of the battalions (200 bayonets) of the 268th Ural Regiment, speaking from the village. Shmakovskoye occupied after a small exchange of fire at the village of Plotnikovo, pushing out a hundred of the 3rd Siberian Cossack Regiment, which moved to the position southeast of the village. On October 21, 1919, the 268th Ural Regiment, after a long battle, occupied s. Verkhnesuerskoe ^[9] .

Soviet time

In 1919, the Shmakovsky Village Council was formed. By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of June 14, 1954, it was abolished and entered the Shastovsky Village Council .

In 1921, residents participated in an anti-Soviet uprising , locked up local members of the Youth Union in the campanile and set it on fire.

During the years of Soviet power, residents worked on the Krasnaya Zarya collective farm , which was transformed in the early 1960s into the Rodina collective farm.

Since its foundation, D. Shmakova has been in the parish of the Ust-Suerskaya Nikolaev Church.

In 1727, instead of a wooden church, the diocesan authorities ordered the construction of a stone church in Ust-Suersky and a wooden one in Shmakova. Between 1727 and 1743 the wooden Pokrovskaya church was cut down, which burned down at the end of 1749 or at the beginning of 1750. In 1751, a new wooden one-throne church was built. Subsequently, the building was dilapidated and on February 23, 1827, the approved plan and facade of the new stone temple were issued. It was decided to arrange two thrones in it: in the main cold church - in honor of the Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos, in a warm winter chapel - in honor of the Ascension of the Lord . The temple was founded on August 15, 1827. In the warm Ascension side chapel, services began to take place in 1833, the main throne in the cold Church of the Intercession due to the unpreparedness of the iconostasis was consecrated only in 1835. By 1850, the temple was surrounded by a brick fence with wooden bars, on the western corners of which were built a stone school and a shop for the sale of candles. In 1865 and 1868 the fence suffered from the spring floods of the Suery River.

In the church was the icon of the Mother of God “ It is worthy to eat ”, written from the Athos St. Andrew’s Monastery on the initiative of the rector Archpriest Grigory Reshchikov with the permission of the diocesan authorities. The image was consecrated in 1892 on Mount Athos with the position in it, with the blessing of the Bishop of Tobolsk and Siberian Justin, particles of the relics of the Holy Great Martyr Panteleimon and St. John Kukuzel . Every year on the day of the celebration of the icon, performed on June 11 according to the old style, a procession was held with her around the village, and then in the courtyards of all parishioners. The last member of the community, Elizaveta Andreevna Rukhlova, in 2003 transferred the image to the Assumption Church in the village of Vargashi ^[10] .

By 1910, the Pokrovsky temple was a stone building covered with iron under green paint with a bell tower in one connection. Its outer walls were plastered, and the internal ones were plastered and decorated with wall paintings and ornaments. The length of the church was 13 fathoms, the width was 7 fathoms, the height to the upper cornice was 2 fathoms and 1 arshin; the height of the three-tiered bell tower is 4 sazhens and 2 arshins. The main building and the bell tower housed 2 large chapters, and 6 small ones - in the four corners of the building, above the altar of the main temple and above the warm chapel. There were 15 large windows, smaller ones — 10, external iron-clad doors — 3. Inside were 2 iconostases: in the main church, 12 arshins long, 9 arshins high, and in the parish church, 2 fathoms 1 arshine long and 5 arshins high.

During the 1921 uprising, the rebels locked the local members of the Youth Union in the bell tower, and then set it on fire. In 1922, the authorities seized from the Shmakovskaya church a silver decorated with stone stones robe from one of the images, shot in several places by bullets. In 1925, there were two wooden iconostases in the church, one of which housed 15 icons, and there were 6 bells on the bell tower. Their ringing was forbidden by the decision of the Presidium of the Belozersky district executive committee of December 7, 1934, but the church still operated, with it there was a priest.

In 1938, by the decisions of the general civil assemblies of residents of the settlements of Shmakovsky and Shastovsky village councils, the church was closed and since then it was used to store grain, and by 1945 one half of it was converted into a club. By 1958, the building became unsuitable for use even under a warehouse: plaster inside and outside sprinkled, weathering of the walls began, the iron roof decayed, from the ingress of precipitation, the overlap of the central dome cracked and partially collapsed. In 1959, the Kurgan Oblast Executive Committee decided to dismantle the building of the former church for building materials, which was not executed. In 2008, the building was included in the list of identified objects of cultural heritage of the Kurgan region.

Parish of the Protection of the Holy Virgin s. Shmakova Vargashinsky area was registered March 18, 1996. In the late 1990s. community members gathered for prayer in a private house, then in a suitable room. But with the death of the elderly, the community became smaller and in 2007 the Pokrovsky parish officially ceased its activities as a legal entity.

In the 1850s, priest Grigory Reshchikov built a wooden chapel in the cemetery over the grave of his wife. Since the mid-1870s, divine services went on parental Saturdays, and since 1901 - on the rainbow on Tuesday of Fomin's week. According to the description of 1910, the chapel was a square building, built of pine wood, in plan and length 2 fathoms of 1 arshine, 2 fathoms high, with a floor and ceiling made of planks. It was covered with tesa and crowned with a small wooden head with a cross. The chapel had 3 windows and 1 door. The structure by this time was well preserved, but the time of its construction was unknown. In the years 1914-1915. the chapel is dedicated to the Holy Martyr Blasius, Bishop of Sebaste , and St. . The building has not been preserved ^[11] .

Shmakovskaya elementary school closed in the early 2000s.

The Shmakovsky rural library has a local history museum.

The monument to those killed during the Great Patriotic War was opened in 1972. Sculpture of a soldier with a raised hand with a machine gun on a pedestal. The monument is fenced with anchor chains ^[12] .

National composition

• According to the 2002 census, 339 people lived, of which Russian - 99%.
• According to the 1926 census, 1,080 people lived, all Russians .