Sinyukovo (ancient settlement) - an ancient Russian city that existed in pre-Mongol time , located 1 km north of the village of Sinyukovo, Chernsky district, Tula region of Russia . Chronologically, the settlement dates back to the beginning of the 1st millennium AD, V — VII centuries. (possibly VIII — IX centuries), XI — XIII centuries.
| Ancient city | |
| Sinyukovo | |
|---|---|
| A country | Russia |
| Region | Tula |
| The name of the settlement | Settlement near the village of Sinyukovo |
| Modern location | Russia Tula region , Chernsky district |
 | Object of cultural heritage, object number 7110160000 |
Content
Description
The ancient settlement near the village of Sinyukovo was examined by an expedition led by Tatyana Nikolaevna Nikolskaya in 1956. The settlement is located on the cape of the high right bank of the Cherni River. A well-preserved, sod- covered, oval platform has the shape of a triangle, elongated from west to east. Length 50 m, width 36 m. The floor side is protected by a two-meter shaft. The northern and northeastern parts facing the river are open. The slope from the side of the river is steep, abruptly breaking off. The southern slope descends to the stream. There is a shallow moat in the western and eastern parts beyond the rampart.
An excavation area of 100 m 2 was laid in the western part of the settlement. The remains of the settlement are clearly identified. Several pits were found deepened into the mainland to 0.8 m. Some of them were underground houses, others were intended for other household needs. Pits for pillars up to 0.25 m in diameter and 0.3 m deep below the cultural layer are clearly and symmetrically visible in the excavation. The cultural layer up to 0.5 m thick is saturated with fragments of pottery and stucco vessels and bones of domestic animals. Findings of pottery vessels made on a circle with linear and wavy patterns that date from the 12th – 13th centuries prevailed. Found household items and jewelry belong to the same time: scissors, iron keys, knives, a fragment of a bronze twisted bracelet, a crystal bead, etc.
Molded ceramics were much smaller. 70% of molded ceramics are thin-walled vessels with a wall thickness of 3-5 mm, made of gray clay with an admixture of wood, slightly fired. The upper part of the pots is decorated with a deep ornament of rectangular and triangular shape. This type of tableware belongs to one time period, to the same finds in other ancient settlements of the upper Oka basin - the second half of the 1st millennium BC. e. and the beginning of the 1st millennium BC e. The few found household items belong to the same group: fragments of clay ladles (a ladle for pouring molten metal), clay fishing weights-reels, and a spindle .
A smaller percentage is made up of vessels of a different type: fragments of pots with a slightly bent corolla, a concave throat and swollen shoulders, sometimes forming a rib (IV – VII centuries). Some fragments are similar to pots of the Volyntsev type (VIII — IX centuries).
Notes
- ↑ Nikolskaya T.N. Culture of the tribes of the Upper Oka basin in the first millennium A.D. e .. - M .: Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1959.
- ↑ Fortifications in the Oka River Basin . Ancient settlements of ancient Russia . Date of treatment February 5, 2018.
See also
- List of ancient Russian cities of the Oryol region
Literature
- Martynov A.I. Archeology. - M .: "Higher School", 2005. - 447 p. - ISBN 5-06-005131-5 .
Links
- The first ancient Russian settlements and cities . History of architecture Architectural styles . Date of treatment February 5, 2018.
- Krasnitsky L.N. Typology and dating of hillforts of the forest belt of the Oryol region . Date of treatment February 5, 2018.