Commemorative coins ( memorial coins ) - coins issued into circulation in memory of any particular event, according to some sources, not related to round, anniversaries [1] , others related to anniversaries [2] . In the latter case, commemorative coins are also commemorative coins .
A variety of commemorative coins can also be considered the so-called mine coins, produced from the metal of a newly discovered mine or gold washed in a river; they bear the corresponding inscription.
Commemorative coins also include some gift items issued not for circulation, but for distribution by members of the imperial family to various people in the form of an incentive or in connection with an event.
So, in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome , coins were issued that can serve as historical documents. For example, the early Roman bronze coins, which depicted the bow of the ship, testified to the death of the fleet in the battle of Actium in 31 BC. e. Numerous coins of the Roman Empire in honor of victories and conquests, which were reflected on the coins in the form of honorary names ("Parthicus maximus", "Medicus", "Germanicus") or images, are also considered memorable.
There are commemorative coins dedicated to the Crusades , architectural monuments, treaties or family celebrations of the coin lord. Commemorative coins include mine, funeral coins , coins for peace, birthday , coronation coins, coins of the Reformation period, coins in honor of victories.
Commemorative Coins of the Russian Empire
Ruble with a portrait of Alexander I in honor of the opening of the Pillar of Alexandria in 1834 .
1½ rubles in 1839. Minted on the occasion of the opening of the monument-chapel on the Borodino field .
Wedding silver ruble of Nicholas I for the marriage of Princess Maria of Hesse and the heir to the throne, Alexander Nikolayevich . 1841
Ruble of Alexander II in honor of the opening of the monument to his father and with the profile of Nicholas I in silver . 1859
The ruble of Nicholas II in honor of the opening of the monument to his grandfather and with the profile of Alexander II in silver . 1898
Commemorative coins of the USSR
Commemorative coins of the USSR include:
- 1977-1980 - coins dedicated to the 1980 Moscow Olympics ;
- 1981 - 1 ruble in honor of the Soviet-Bulgarian friendship;
- 1983 - 1 ruble to the 165th anniversary of the birth and 100th anniversary of the death of K. Marx ;
- 1983 - 1 ruble to the 20th anniversary of the first space flight of a woman;
- 1984 - 1 ruble to the 400th anniversary of the death of Ivan Fedorov ;
- 1984 - 1 ruble to the 150th anniversary of the birth of D. I. Mendeleev ;
- 1984 - 1 ruble to the 125th anniversary of the birth of A. S. Popov ;
- 1984 - 1 ruble to the 185th anniversary of the birth of A. S. Pushkin ;
- 1985 - 1 ruble to the 115th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin ;
- 1985 - 1 ruble for the XII International Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow ;
- 1985 - 1 ruble to the 165th anniversary of the birth of F. Engels ;
- 1986 - 1 ruble to the International Year of Peace;
- 1986 - 1 ruble to the 275th anniversary of the birth of M.V. Lomonosov ;
- 1987 - 1 ruble (2 coins with various reverses) to the 175th anniversary of the battle of Borodino ;
- 1987 - 1 ruble to the 175th anniversary of the birth of K. E. Tsiolkovsky ;
- 1988 - 1 ruble to the 120th anniversary of the birth of A. M. Gorky ;
- 1988 - 1 ruble to the 160th anniversary of the birth of L. N. Tolstoy ;
- 1988 - 5 rubles, dedicated to the monument to Peter I in Leningrad;
- 1988 - 5 rubles dedicated to the monument Millennium of Russia in Novgorod;
- 1988 - 5 rubles dedicated to the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev;
- 1989 - 1 ruble to the 175th anniversary of the birth of T. G. Shevchenko ;
- 1989 - 1 ruble to the 150th anniversary of the birth of M.P. Mussorgsky ;
- 1989 - 5 rubles dedicated to the Cathedral of the Intercession on the moat in Moscow;
- 1989 - 5 rubles dedicated to the Registan ensemble in Samarkand;
- 1989 - 1 ruble to the 175th anniversary of the birth of M. Yu. Lermontov
and other coins [3] .
Commemorative Coins of Russia
Notes
- ↑ "Coins of the USSR." A. Schelokov - M.: Publisher: "Finances and Statistics"), 1986.
- ↑ CH, 1993 , " Jubilee Medal ."
- ↑ Ganichev S. I., Golyasheva N. S., Kukushkina E. N. Anniversary and commemorative coins of the USSR 1965-1989, Moscow: Vneshtorgizdat, 1989
Literature
- Dictionary of Numismatists / Authors: H. Fengler , G. Girow, V. Unger; Per. with him. M. G. Arsenieva ; Repl. ed. V.M. Potin . - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Radio and communications , 1993 .-- 408 p. - 25,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00317-8 .