Eleonora Duse ( Italian: Eleonora Duse ; 1858 , Vigevano , Italy - 1924 , Pittsburgh , USA ) - Italian actress .
| Eleanor Duse | |
|---|---|
| Eleonora Giulia Amalia Duse | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| Citizenship | |
| Profession | actress |
| Years of activity | 1863 - 1908 , 1921 - 1924 |
| IMDb | |
Content
Biography
Born in an acting family. Her grandfather Luigi Duse was the founder of the Garibaldi Theater in Padua .
At the age of four she began to play in the troupe of her parents, traveled with them to the cities of Italy. Her first major success was the title role in the drama of Zola Teresa Raken ( 1879 ).
In 1886 she created her own theater company. She successfully toured in the USA, South America, the Russian Empire ( 1891 - 1892 , 1908 ). Arrigo Boyto , with whom the actress was in secret relationship, translated for her Anthony and Cleopatra Shakespeare .
She played in the plays of Dumas-son ( Lady with camellias ), Sardou , Ibsen ( Gedda Gubler , Doll House , etc.), Suderman , Meterlink ( Monna Vanna ). After 1890, she performed mainly outside of Italy, mostly in France. In 1895 - 1904 she was close to Gabriele D'Annunzio , the image of Duse was included in the novel D'Annunzio Flame ( 1900 ). The actress broke this connection when the writer suggested playing Anna in the French premiere of Dead City drama to her longtime rival Sarah Bernhardt . In 1905 she played in Paris Vasilisa in the drama Gorky At the bottom .
In 1908, Duse left the theater. After that, for two years she was in love with the Italian feminist Lina Poletti, they lived in Florence . Duse returned to the scene in 1921 .
She left Italy after the Nazis came to power.
She died of pneumonia during a tour, getting wet and catching a cold in the rain (she generally had weak lungs). She was buried in Italy, in Asolo ( province of Treviso ).
Duse and the movie
The only time the actress starred in a movie in the silent film Arturo Ambrosio "Ashes" based on the novel of the same name by Grace Deledda . Negotiations on joint work with David Griffith ended in nothing.
Fame and influence
The glory of Duse was universal. Her portraits, except for Repin, were left by Sargent and Lenbach . Her art was highly appreciated by Chekhov , Stanislavsky , Shaw , Charlie Chaplin . The American poetess Sara Tisdale called her first book ( 1907 ) "Sonnets to Duse and Other Poems." In July 1923, Duse became the first woman whose portrait adorned the cover of Time magazine . She had a great influence on Martha Graham . The biography of the actress, written by the Austrian prose writer Emil Reinhardt ( 1928 ), was translated into English, French, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Latvian, withstood 15 editions. Theaters in several cities in Italy ( Bologna , etc.) are named after Eleanor Duse. In 1953, Luigi Comencini included archival footage with Eleanor Duse in his film La Valigia dei sogni .
The stage costumes of the actress, restored by the Italian fashion designer Fausto Sarli , are exhibited in museums around the world.
In 1974, the 30-kilometer crater on Venus was named after Eleanor Duse [6] .
Image in Art
- 2015 - "Duse", the ballet of John Neumeier to the music of Benjamin Britten and Arvo Pärt ( Hamburg Ballet , in the main part of ).
Interesting Facts
The four-year-old Duse made her debut on stage in the role of Cosette (in a play based on the novel by V. Hugo Les Miserables ) March 12, 1863 - the day when Gabriele D'Annunzio was born.
Literature
- Rheinhardt EA . Das leben der Eleonora Duse. - B .: S. Fischer, 1928.
- Winwar F. Wingless victory; a biography of Gabriele d'Annunzio and Eleonora Duse. - N. Y .: Harper, 1956.
- La Galienne E. The mystic in the theater: Eleonora Duse. - N. Y .: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1966
- Fusero C. Eleonora Duse. - Milano: Dall'Oglio, 1971.
- Molinari C. L'attrice divina. Eleonora Duse nel teatro italiano fra i due secoli. - Roma: Bulzoni, 1985.
- Stokes J. ao . Bernhardt, Terry, Duse: the actress in her time. - Cambridge; N. Y .: Cambridge UP, 1988.
- Eleonora Duse nella vita e nell'arte (1858-1924). - Venezia: Marsilio, 2001
- Sheehy H. Eleonora Duse: a biography. - N. Y .: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003.
- Topuridze E. Eleanor Duse. Essay on life and work. - M .: Art, 1960.
- Signorelli O. Eleanor Duse. - M .: Art, 1975. - (Life in Art)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF ID : 2011 open data platform .
- ↑ 1 2 Internet Movie Database - 1990.
- ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ 1 2 Duse of Eleanor // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ed. A.M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118681354 // General Normative Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Le cratère Duse sur Vénus .