Yakovchenko, Nikolai Fedorovich

Born in the city of Priluki, Poltava province (now - Chernihiv region) on May 3, 1900 . Having no special acting education, in 1918 he made his debut on the amateur stage in Priluki , later he played in the theaters of Simferopol , Cherkassy , Luben , Chernigov , Dnepropetrovsk and Kharkov . Since 1928 - at the Kiev Theater. I. Franco (intermittently) ^[1] .

In 1931, Nikolai Yakovchenko was sent as a member of the troupe of the newly created Kharkov Theater of the Revolution. The season opened on November 7 with the performance “A Matter of Honor” ( I. Mikitenko ). In the same year, 31-year-old Yakovchenko married with 21-year-old Tatyana Markovna, who chose him, rejecting the courtship of many applicants, including the famous actor Viktor Dobrovolsky . The wedding was played in Kiev on Shulyavka , after which the couple went to Kharkov . April 26, 1932 they had a daughter, Irina ^[1] .

Since 1934, Yakovchenko is again an actor in the Franco Theater . Gnat Jura jokes about his return as "the return of the prodigal son ." The actor returns to the theater to the post of “actor of the highest category”. ^[1] .

From September 30, 1939 to March 13, 1940, in accordance with the law on universal military duty, Nikolai Yakovchenko serves in the army and becomes a participant in the Soviet-Finnish war .

Eight months after returning (April 1940), Yakovchenko works at the Kiev State Theater of Musical Comedy (founded in 1934), after which he returns to the Franco Theater again.

During the Great Patriotic War, the troupe of the Franco Theater began to form the First Front Artists' Brigade under the direction of Gnat Jura , who soon went to the front. Nikolai Yakovchenko did not get into it, and with his family went to evacuate to Tambov .

On October 15, 1941, the theater team was evacuated to Semipalatinsk (now Semey ), where work immediately began on the stage of the local Kazakh theater, and visits to front-line soldiers and the local population. After the first front brigade returns to Semipalatinsk, Yakovchenko, having left his wife and daughters in evacuation, goes to the front as part of the second front brigade of the Franco Theater, led by Ambrosiy Buchma . On the eve of the Battle of Stalingrad, the actors performed at the front headquarters and battalions, at recruiting stations and in hospitals.

As part of the fourth front brigade, led by Dmitry Milyutenko, Yakovchenko was a witness and participant in the liberation of Budapest .

Upon returning to Kiev in 1944, Nikolai Yakovchenko receives two rooms in a large communal apartment No. 10 in the “actor’s” house on Olginskaya Street, 2/1, and in the year of Victory, when the Franco Theater celebrates its 25th anniversary, Yakovchenko receives military awards - medals " For the Defense of Stalingrad " and " For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. ".

The main theatrical roles of Yakovchenko are Bagel, Weevil (Plato Krechet, In the Steppes of Ukraine by A. Korniychuk), Penenzhka (Martyn Borulya I. Karpenko-Kary), Bream (The Last by M. Gorky), Overko (“ Pharaohs "A. Kolomiyets), Rasper (" Dealer "V. Gozenklyavera) and others.

In 1943 he was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the Ukrainian SSR .

In the Franco Theater, with the advent of the new Director of Kompaniets, in order to "streamline the creative composition of the theater" to fulfill the "decision of the Government on the transfer of the theater to them. I. Franko for non-subsidized work, ”Nikolai Yakovchenko, along with a number of other actors, is being taken out of the troupe's staff with the provision of an increased republican prize and a promise to engage in creative work on the basis of one-time payment.

Nikolai Fedorovich begins to act in films. Among his works are Kondrat Perepelitsa ( Maxim Perepelitsa ), Prokop Serko, Proni's father ( For Two Hares ), Patsyuk ( Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka ), Spirid ( Viy ), grandfather Maxim ( Between the High Breads "), Comrade Lopata (" Queen of the gas station ") and many others.

Nikolai Yakovchenko greets the world celebrity - the Greek tragedy actress Aspasia Papatanasiou , who played the main role in the performance of Sophocles ’s Antigone on the Kiev stage. He did this in Greek verses.

Despite the incredible popularity and popular love, for a long time they did not assign the title of “People's” to Nikolai Fedorovich. Officially, the title of "people's" Yakovchenko receives only in 1970, 4 years before his death.

On September 11, 1974, an ambulance took Nikolai Fedorovich with an attack of appendicitis and drove around the city for a long time ^[2] . When he got to the operating table, it was already impossible to help - he died during the operation. He was buried at the Baykovsky cemetery in Kiev (9th section).

Family

• Father - Fedor Ivanovich Yakovchenko, fish merchant ^[1]
• Mother - Paraskevia Ivanovna Yakovchenko
  • Brother Sergey
  • Sister maria
  • Sister Elena
  • Alexander's sister
• Wife - Tatyana Markovna Yakovchenko (nee Evseenko), actress theater named after I. Franco
  • Daughter Irina ( April 26, 1932 - January 15, 1970 )
  • Daughter of Yunn ( April 30, 1937 - March 3, 1980 ), actress theater named after I.Franko
    • Grandson Nikolai (according to some reports, died) ^[3]

Phillip Khmara Theater ^[1]

• “Savva” ( L. Andreev ) - Tyukha
• “Days of our life” ( L. Andreev ) - Lieutenant Grigory Mironov

Kharkov Theater of Revolution ^[1]

1931-1934

• “This” ( S. Levitina ) - Zhikharev
• “Fear” ( A. Afinogenov ) - Zakharov
• 1932 , December 1 - “Girls of our country” ( I. Mikitenko ). Director M. Tereshchenko - Nikolai Pronashko, member of the Komsomol (first composition) / Ivan Shkurko (second composition)
• “The Gendarme” (based on the drama “The Stolen Happiness” by I. Franko ) - Voight, village headman
• 1933 , March 18 - Falstaff ( W. Shakespeare ). Director Alexey Gripich - Sir John Falstaff
• “ Cunning and Love ” ( F. Schiller ) - Wurm
• 1933 , November - “Battle in the West” ( V. Vishnevsky ). Director M. Tereshchenko - Hirsch

Kiev State Theater of Musical Comedy ^[1]

1940

• “Mr. X” (according to the operetta “The Princess of the Circus ” I. Kalman ) - Pelican
• Columbine - Philip
• “Night in Venice” ( I. Strauss ) - Delacqua

Franco Drama Theater

1927-1931, 1934-1974

• 1927 , October 16 - “ A Midsummer Night's Dream ” ( W. Shakespeare ). Staged by Gnat Jura (first role in the I.Franko Theater ^[1] )
• 1929 , March 1 - “Dealer” ( V. Gazenklever ). Production by Smirnov, Iskander - Rasper
• 1929 , October 20 - “Dictatorship” ( I. Mikitenko ). Staged by Gnat Jura - Chamomile
• 1930 , November 1 - “Personnel” ( I. Mikitenko ). Staged by Gnat Jura
• 1934 , December 20 - Plato Krechet ( A. Korneichuk ) - Terenty Bublik, Zemsky doctor
• 1940 - “In the steppes of Ukraine” ( A. Korneychuk ). Staged by Gnat Jura - Filimon Filimonovich Weevil
• "Bogdan Khmelnitsky" - clerk Gavrila
• 1948 - “Makar Dibrova” ( A. Korneichuk )
• 1950 - "Viburnum grove" ( A. Korneichuk ) - sailor Crimea
• 1950 - “Martyn Borulya” ( I. Karpenko-Kary ) - Protasiy Penenzhka
• 1961 - The Pharaohs (A. Kolomiyets). Production by I. Kaznadiy - Overko
• Natalka Poltavka ( I. Kotlyarevsky ) - Mikola
• "The Last" ( M. Gorky ) - Lyashch
• “For Two Hares” ( M. Staritsky ) - Prokop Sviridovich Serko

• In the turbulent 20s, Nikolai Yakovchenko became the owner of two St. George's crosses ^[1]
• Since 1968, the voice of Nikolai Yakovchenko began to sound in the humorous program "From Saturday to Saturday" (Ukrainian "Look Subbot to Subbot"), became her calling card ^[4]
• Nikolai Fedorovich’s favorite animal was the awkward half-tax dog — the half-mongrel, whom he called Fan-Fan . With a dog, Yakovchenko spent all his free time from rehearsals and performances. The dog becomes his companion and even a partner in the scenes that they played right on the street. They say that Yakovchenko drove the dog on a very long leash, and answered tart questions about this: “Fan-Fan does not tolerate the smell of alcohol” ^[5] .
• They say that on the stage Yakovchenko looked at himself in the mirror, clapped on his face and repeated: “My nurse” ^[5]
• Most of the roles played by Yakovchenko are comedic. Almost the only dramatic role of the actor is the main role in the film " Grandfather of the left extreme " ( 1974 , directed by Leonid Osyka )
• The last words of the actor before his death were: "The clown goes to the arena" ^[5]
• When preparing an obituary for the newspaper " Evening Kiev " faced with the absence of at least one official photograph of Yakovchenko. In all the pictures he is either in the role, or fishing, or with a wide smile. At the Ministry of Culture and the newspaper, all the photos were rejected. The published photo came out with a finished shirt, tie and jacket ^[4]

• February 23, 1971 - Radio recording of the program “Visiting Heroes”. In the program, Alexander Korneychuk and Nikolai Yakovchenko recall the recordings on the radio performances of Makar Dibrova, In the Steppes of Ukraine, Plato Krechet, Kalinovaya Roscha, My Friends (Golden Fund of Ukrainian Radio) ^[4]
• 1974 - Thesis by Yunna Yakovchenko (daughter of Nikolai Fedorovich) under the leadership of the candidate of art criticism I. Voloshin. R&D: “The influence of Soviet drama on the formation of the actor’s face (artistic features of the acting skills of N. F. Yakovchenko)” ^[4]
• 2000 - In Kiev, on Ivan Franko Square, opposite the theater. Ivan Franko , on the 100th anniversary of his birth, a monument to Nikolai Yakovchenko by the sculptor Vladimir Chepelik was installed ^[6] .
• 2003 - Documentary film Contact: The Great Lyceum N. F. Yakovchenko (director Svetlana Ilyinskaya)
• 2005 - Edition to the 105th anniversary of “Ukrainian Chaplin”
• 2006 - “Glas” TV channel documentary “Portrait. People's Artist Nikolai Yakovchenko
• 2006 - Documentary film of the television studio “Viatel” “Genius of laughter” (general producer Vasily Viter)
• 2007 - “ NTKU ” TV channel documentary “The clown goes to the arena” (author Lyubov Grigor, director Natalya Kalantarova)
• 17 мая 2008 — В Прилуках , родном городе актёра, на театральной площади установлен памятник Николаю Яковченко работы скульптора Владимира Чепелика ^[7] .
• 27 января 2010 — Кабинет министров Украины подписал распоряжение N 113-р о мероприятиях к празднованию 110-й годовщины со дня рождения Николая Яковченко, в плане которого значились: проведение Всеукраинского открытого конкурса актерского мастерства имени Яковченко; выпуск и введение в оборот конверта и почтовой марки ; подготовка и издание книги и фотоальбома, посвященных творческой деятельности Яковченко; создание музея Яковченка в Прилуках ; создание документального фильма, посвящённому жизни и творчеству Яковченка; выпуск юбилейной монеты в честь 110-й годовщины со дня рождения Яковченко; изучение вопроса о присвоении имени Николая Яковченка одной из улиц в Прилуках ^[8] .

• На скамейке рядом с Яковченко. Каким был «украинский Чарли Чаплин»?
• Документальный фильм «Игра судьбы. Гений смеха» (укр.)
• «Другая жизнь» Николая Яковченко
• Статья ж-л «Кіно-Театр» Микола Яковченко: завжди сучасний (укр.)