John Barber is an English engineer and inventor. Known primarily as the inventor of the first gas turbine .
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Biography
John Barber was born in 1734 in England, in the county of Nottinghamshire . In the 1760s, he moved to Warwickshire , where he worked at a coal mine near the city of Nuneaton . He later also lived in Attlborough ( English en: Attleborough, Warwickshire , now within Nuneaton).
Between 1766 and 1792, John Barber patented several inventions and developments relating to several industries, in particular metallurgy. The main of his inventions was a gas turbine, patented by him in 1791. The invention was not practically realized during his lifetime. However, Barber was the first to give a detailed description of the principle of operation of a gas turbine.
John Barber died in 1801, on October 6, 1801, he was buried near the Church of St. Nicholas in Nuneaton.
Gas Turbine
The prototypes of gas turbines, which include the so-called smoke machines, were known in the XVII century, but the invention of John Barber can be considered the starting point in the development of gas turbines. His patent fixed the basic principles of gas turbines. [one]
The Barbera turbine could operate on oil, coal and wood, which was provided by their preliminary gasification (distillation) in special containers in the form of retorts . In the scheme of his gas turbine installation, in addition to the air, there was a gas burning compressor . The mixture formed by air and gas was proposed to be injected into the combustion chamber using a compressor. After burning the combustible mixture, it was proposed to feed it at high speed onto the impeller blades, on which gas expansion work should be carried out. To prevent overheating of the turbine from high temperatures, it was assumed that the combustion products were cooled by injection of water into the combustion chamber. [one]
Barber’s invention was not put into practice. In addition, the invention and development of steam turbines somewhat hindered the development of gas turbines. [one]
In 1972, the German company Kraftwerk-Union AG from Bonn exhibited a working model of the Barber gas turbine at the Hanover Fair .
Literature
- Alan F. Cook. John Barber - The Inventor Of The Gas Turbine: A Potted History . // Nuneaton & North Warwickshire Family History Society - Journal. - July 2003. P. 10. (English)
- HS Torrens, 'Barber, John (1734–1793)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 29 July 2016
- Davey, Norman (2003). The Gas Turbine - Development and Engineering. Watchmaker Publishing. p. 206. ISBN 1-929148-20-8 .
Links
- ↑ 1 2 3 3.6. The history of the development of energy gas turbine . // Energy: history, modernity and future. T. 3: Development of heat power and hydropower. - K., 2013.