The history of Zimbabwe 's postal and postage stamps covers the development of postal services in Zimbabwe , a landlocked country in the southern African continent [1] , between the Victoria Falls , the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers, with the capital in Harare , the former British colony of South Rhodesia [1] [2] [3] , and is divided into three periods - colonial (until 1965), unrecognized state (1965-1980) and independence (since 1980).
 Republic of Zimbabwe | |
|---|---|
| English Republic of Zimbabwe , Shauna Nyika yeZimbabwe | |
 Zimbabwe brand from the National Infrastructure series, with a face value of 17 cents , depicting amethyst and national Zimbabwe Bird logo ( Mi # 318A; Yt # 92; SG # 668) | |
| Mail History | |
| Mail exists | since 1888 |
| UPU member | since July 31, 1981 |
| Post office | 4th Floor, Harare Main Post Office Building, Cnr. Innez Terrace and G. Silunduka Avenue, PO Box 100, Harare, Zimbabwe |
| Mail site | zimpost.co.zw |
| First postage stamps | |
| Standard | 1980 |
| Philately | |
| amount marks per year | average 20-25 (since 2002) |
| WNS Member | since 2002 |
| FIP member from country | not involved |
Zimbabwe is a member of the Universal Postal Union (UPU; since 1981 ), and the company English is its national postal operator . 4] .
Content
Mail Development
The first European travelers, missionaries, and merchants in what is now Zimbabwe hired private couriers or took other measures to deliver their mail to the nearest post office, which was first a post office in the Cape Colony , and later became post offices in the Republic of South Africa ( Transvaal ) [ 5] .
The first mail was opened in 1888 by the British South African company and was a route from Gubulavayo in to Mafikeng in Bechuanaland [6] , with post offices in and Gubulavayo [7] . Mail was first transported by mounted policemen [8] [9] , and they were franked with postage stamps of British Bechuanaland . In fact, the post offices in Bulawayo and Tati remained under the control of the Bechuanaland protectorate until 1894 [10] .
A post office in Mashonaland and West Manikaland was established in 1890 by a British South African company that sent occupation troops there, the so-called “ ,” accompanied by a company police squad [11] . By 1894, Matabeleland was fully incorporated into the company's postal system after the first war with Matabele .
In 1923, after the liquidation of the British South African Company, a British self-governing colony of Southern Rhodesia [2] [3] was formed , which entailed a change in the postal administration.
Subsequent changes in the colonial administration of postal affairs were caused by the fact that in 1953-1963 the colony was part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, and after leaving the federation it again became a separate colony. In particular, from 1954 on the territory of Southern Rhodesia, the Federation began to use postage stamps , until the dissolution of the latter in 1963 [2] [12] .
- Franco Type Examples of Southern Rhodesia
1932: 1 penny , the monogram of George V ( "GvR" ), with the inscription "Postage & Revenue" (" Postage and stamp duty "). Left: Bulawayo calendar stamp
1965: 3 pence , with the inscription "Postage & Revenue" ; used after renaming the country to Rhodesia . Left: Salisbury calendar stamp
- Examples of postage stamps of Southern Rhodesia for parcel mail
1955: 1 shilling francotype of 6 pence ( Salisbury )
1955: 11 pence postal label (Salisbury)
1966: same, face value of 1 shilling 6 pence ( Bulawayo )
In 1964, Southern Rhodesia was renamed Rhodesia [2] [3] , which on November 11, 1965 unilaterally declared its independence [3] and subsequently existed as an unrecognized republic.
- Franco Type Examples Rhodesia
1965: 1 shilling 6 pence . At the top of the francotype, the word English has been deleted . "Southern" ("South"). Left: Salisbury calendar stamp
1980: 34 cents . Left: Salisbury calendar stamp
- Examples of Rhodesian postage stamps used at local post offices
1979: $ 2.08 parcel stamp ( Bulawayo )
No date: 26 cents registered mail stamp (Salisbury)
No date: 16.5 cents registered mail (Salisbury)
Having declared independence on April 18, 1980 [1] [3] , Zimbabwe moved to the formation of its own postal administration and on July 31, 1981 joined other UPU member countries [4] .
- Franco Sample Zimbabwe
1980: 17 cents . Left: calendar stamp
2005: $ 90,000. Left: Mount Pleasant calendar stamp
- Examples of Zimbabwe Postage Signs for Registered Mail at Local Post Offices
1982: 61 cent postal label (without country name)
1983: 51 cent stamp (country name indicated)
Without date: mailing label without indicating cost ( Umtali )
The modern operator providing postal services in the country is ZimPost ( Zimbabwe Posts (Pvt) Ltd. ) [4] .
Stamp Issues
British South African Company
The British South African company printed its own postage stamps in London in 1890, but they received a postal appeal [13] in January 1892 when a postal route through Beira on the east coast was opened. The first postage stamps were issued by the British South African Company in 1891. The territories controlled by the company grew and land was added north of the Zambezi River. Initially, the stamps of the British South African Company were not recognized as eligible for payment of international postal items, therefore letters sent via Bechuanaland were additionally franked by Bechuanaland postage stamps before Rhodesia entered the in 1892, while postal items sent through Beira until 1894 were franked further with .
The use of postage stamps by the British South African Company continued on this site until 1923, when it became the crown colony of Southern Rhodesia. The name “ ” (“Rhodesia”) first appeared on the company's stamps in 1909, when new denominations were printed on four stamps. The area north of the Zambezi River remained under the control of the company, and later became known as Northern Rhodesia .
- at 2 pence
1892: company emblem ( Mi # 17; Yt # 17; SG # 20)
1913: George V in uniform; with the additional inscription " " ( Mi # 123; Yt # 42; SG # 219)
Southern Rhodesia, Rhodesia and Zimbabwe-Rhodesia
The first stamps of Southern Rhodesia to capture King George V in form appeared in 1925. In 1931-1935, stamps appeared with the image of Victoria Falls. In 1935, the first commemorative graduation was carried out. The issue of stamps was interrupted in 1953 and resumed after leaving the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. In 1964, a series of standard stamps was published [2] .
- Examples of standard stamps in Southern Rhodesia and Rhodesia at 3 pence
From the 1964 Colonial Series : Greater Kudu and Elizabeth II ( Mi # 97; Yt # 96; SG # 95)
1966: a stamp of the same , but with the inscription " Rhodesia " - the name of an unrecognized independent state ( Mi # 26; Yt # 132; SG # 376)
In the short period of the existence of the state of Zimbabwe-Rhodesia in 1979, not a single brand was issued.
Republic of Zimbabwe
The first stamps with the name Zimbabwe were issued on April 18, 1980 [1] [14] , it was a series of standard stamps of the same designs as the previous standard stamps of Rhodesia.
In 1980, a commemorative stamp was issued dedicated to the Olympic Games in Moscow [1] .
Other Stamps
Paid
In 1951 and 1952, additional stamps were issued by Southern Rhodesia [2] . The practice of issuing surcharge stamps was continued in independent Zimbabwe.
See also
- Zimbabwe History
- History of Post and Postage Stamps of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
- List of people on postage stamps Zimbabwe
- Fiscal stamps of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Zimbabwe // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - P. 104. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved March 11, 2018) Archived copy . Date of treatment March 11, 2018. Archived March 11, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Southern Rhodesia // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [ and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S. 312. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved March 11, 2018) Archived copy . Date of treatment March 11, 2018. Archived March 11, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Rhodesia // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [ and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S. 243. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved March 11, 2018) Archived copy . Date of treatment September 30, 2018. Archived March 11, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Zimbabwe The UPU : Member countries: Africa . Universal Postal Union . Date of treatment January 9, 2018.
- ↑ Proud, 1997 , p. 31.
- ↑ Rhodesia // Stanley Gibbons Stamp Catalog: Commonwealth & British Empire Stamps 1840-1952. - L .: Stanley Gibbons, 2005. - P. 298-300. - ISBN 978-0-85259-564-0 . (eng.)
- ↑ Proud, 1997 , p. 36–39.
- ↑ Keppel-Jones, 1983 , p. 317.
- ↑ Kemp S. Black Frontiers; Pioneer adventures with Cecil Rhodes' mounted police in Africa. - L .: , 1932. - P. 177–178. OCLC 18400658 (English)
- ↑ Proud, 1997 , p. 39.
- ↑ Keppel-Jones, 1983 , p. 151–188.
- ↑ Former colonial territorial-administrative associations in Africa. 8. Rhodesia and Nyasaland // Philatelic geography (foreign countries): Reference book / L. L. Lepeshinsky. - M .: Communication, 1967. - S. 333—334. - 480 p.
- ↑ Before that, fiscal stamps were put into circulation.
- ↑ Rossiter S. , Fowler J. The Stamp Atlas: A Unique Assembly of Geography, Social and Political History, and Postal Information. - 1st edn. - L. , Sydney : Macdonald, 1986. - P. 295. - 336 p. - ISBN 0-356-10862-7 . (eng.)
Literature
- Rhodes and Rhodesia: The White Conquest of Zimbabwe 1884–1902. - Kingston : , 1983. - P. 317. - ISBN 978-0-7735-0534-6 . (English)
- Proud EB The Postal History of Southern Rhodesia. - East , East Sussex , UK: Proud-Bailey Co. Ltd., 1997. - ISBN 978-1-872465-22-7 . (eng.)
Links
- Rossiter S., Fowler J., Wellsted R. Zimbabwe : [ arch. 01/11/2018 ]: [ eng. ] // Sandafayre: Stamp Collecting Resources: Stamp Atlas. - Knutsford , UK : Sandafayre (Holdings) Ltd. - Date of treatment: 03/09/2018. (Zimbabwe.)
- Home . The Rhodesian Study Circle. - Rhodesia Postage Stamp Study Group. Date of treatment March 2, 2018. Archived February 17, 2018.